I-EN 61643-11 & IEC 61643-21: 2012 Amadivayisi wokuvikela amandla aphansi - Ingxenye 21: Amadivayisi wokuvikela akhuphukile axhunywe ezokuxhumana ngocingo nokusayina amanethiwekhi - Izidingo zokusebenza nezindlela zokuhlola

I-FOREWORD

1) IKhomishini ye-International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) yinhlangano yemhlaba wonkhe yekwenta emazinga lafaka ekhatsi onkhe emakhomidi etebucwepheshe be-electrotechnical (emaKomidi eLive lonkhe e-IEC). Inhloso ye-IEC ukugqugquzela ukubambisana kwamazwe omhlaba kuyo yonke imibuzo ephathelene nokubekwa kwezinga elithile emkhakheni kagesi nowe-elekthronikhi. Kuze kube manje futhi ngaphezu kweminye imisebenzi, i-IEC ishicilela Amazinga Womhlaba Wonke, Ukucaciswa Kwezobuchwepheshe, Imibiko Yezobuchwepheshe, Ukucaciswa Kutholakala Esidlangalaleni (PAS) kanye namaGuides (ngemuva kwalokhu abizwa nge- “Publication (s) IEC”). Ukulungiselela kwabo kunikezwe amakomidi ezobuchwepheshe; noma yiliphi iKomidi Likazwelonke le-IEC elinentshisekelo esihlokweni okukhulunywa ngaso lingahlanganyela kulo msebenzi wokulungiselela. Izinhlangano zomhlaba wonke, ezikahulumeni kanye nezinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni ezixhumana ne-IEC nazo zibamba iqhaza kulokhu kulungiselela. I-IEC ibambisana kakhulu ne-International Organisation for Standardization (ISO) ngokuya ngezimo ezinqunywe ngesivumelwano phakathi kwalezi zinhlangano zombili.

2) Izinqumo ezisemthethweni noma izivumelwano ze-IEC ezindabeni zobuchwepheshe ziveza, cishe ngangokunokwenzeka, ukuvumelana kwemibono yamazwe omhlaba ngezihloko ezifanele njengoba ikomidi ngalinye lobuchwepheshe linokumelwa kuwo wonke amaKomidi Kazwelonke e-IEC anentshisekelo.

3) I-IEC Publications inesimo sezincomo zokusetshenziswa kwamazwe omhlaba futhi yamukelwa ngamaKomidi Kazwelonke e-IEC ngalowo mqondo. Yize yonke imizamo efanelekile yenziwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi okuqukethwe kwezobuchwepheshe kwe-IEC Publications kunembile, i-IEC ayinakubekwa cala ngendlela ezisetshenziswa ngayo
ukutolikwa okungalungile nganoma imuphi umsebenzisi wokugcina.

4) Ukuze kukhuthazwe ukufana kwamazwe omhlaba, amaKomidi Kazwelonke e-IEC athembisa ukusebenzisa i-IEC Publications ngokusobala ngezinga eliphezulu kakhulu ekushicilelweni kwawo kuzwelonke kanye nasezifundeni. Noma ikuphi ukwehluka phakathi kwanoma yikuphi ukushicilelwa kwe-IEC nokushicilelwa okuhambisanayo kukazwelonke noma kwesifunda kuzokhonjiswa ngokusobala kokugcina.

I-5) I-IEC uqobo ayinikezeli ubufakazi bokuvumelana. Imigwamanda ezimele yokunikeza izitifiketi inikela ngezinsizakalo zokuhlola ukuhambisana nokuthi, kwezinye izindawo, ukufinyelela kumamaki wokuhambisana kwe-IEC. I-IEC ayinasibopho sanoma yiziphi izinsizakalo ezenziwa yizinhlangano ezizimele zezitifiketi.

6) Bonke abasebenzisi kumele baqinisekise ukuthi banalo uhlelo lwakamuva lwale ncwadi.

7) Asikho isikweletu esizonamathisela i-IEC noma abaqondisi bayo, abasebenzi, izisebenzi noma abenzeli kubandakanya ongoti ngazinye namalungu amakomidi ayo ezobuchwepheshe kanye namaKomidi Kazwelonke e-IEC ngokulimala komuntu siqu, ukulinyazwa kwempahla noma omunye umonakalo wanoma iluphi uhlobo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi luqondile noma aluqondile, noma izindleko (kufaka phakathi imali yezomthetho) nezindleko ezivela ekushicilelweni, ukusetshenziswa, noma ukuthembela kulo, Ukushicilelwa kwe-IEC noma okunye okushicilelwe yi-IEC.

8) Kudonselwa ukunakekelwa kuzinkomba ezijwayelekile ezibalulwe kule ncwadi. Ukusetshenziswa kokushicilelwa okubaluliwe kubaluleke kakhulu ekusetshenzisweni okulungile kwalokhu kushicilelwa.

I-9) Kudonswa ukunakekelwa kokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi ezinye zezinto zalokhu Kushicilelwa kwe-IEC kungaba yindaba yamalungelo obunikazi. I-IEC ngeke ibe necala lokuthola noma yimaphi amalungelo noma amalungelo obunikazi anjalo.

I-International Standard IEC 61643-21 seyilungiswe yiKomitana elincane 37A: Izinsimbi zokuvikela eziphansi ze-voltagesurge, zekomidi lobuchwepheshe le-IEC 37: Ababoshiwe.

Le nguqulo ehlanganisiwe ye-IEC 61643-21 iqukethe uhlelo lokuqala (2000) [imibhalo engu-37A / 101 / FDIS ne-37A / 104 / RVD], ukuchitshiyelwa kwalo 1 (2008) [imibhalo engu-37A / 200 / FDIS ne-37A / 201 / RVD ], ukuchibiyela kwalo 2 (2012) [kubhala 37A / 236 / FDIS kanye ne-37A / 237 / RVD] kanye ne-corrigendum yalo kaMashi 2001.

Okuqukethwe kwezobuchwepheshe ngakho-ke kuyefana ne-base edition nezichibiyelo zayo futhi kulungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa komsebenzisi.

Iphethe inombolo yohlelo engu-1.2.

Umugqa oqondile imajini ukhombisa lapho ukushicilelwa kwesisekelo kuguqulwe khona ngezichibiyelo 1 no-2.

Ikomidi linqume ukuthi okuqukethwe yilo shicilelo oluyisisekelo kanye nezichibiyelo zalo kuzohlala kungashintshiwe kuze kube usuku lokuzinza olukhonjiswe kuwebhusayithi ye-IEC ngaphansi kwe- “http://webstore.iec.ch” emininingwaneni ephathelene nokushicilelwa okuthile. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukushicilelwa kuzoba
• kuqinisekisiwe,
• kuhoxisiwe,
• kuthathelwe indawo uhlelo olubukeziwe, noma
• kuchitshiyelwe.

ISINGENISO

Inhloso yaleli Zinga Lomhlaba jikelele ukukhomba izidingo zeSurge Protective Devices (SPDs) ezisetshenziselwa ukuvikela izinhlelo zokuxhumana ngocingo nokusayina, ngokwesibonelo, idatha yamandla aphansi, izwi, namasekhethi e-alamu. Zonke lezi zinhlelo zingavezwa yimiphumela yamaphutha ombani nezintambo zikagesi, kungaba ngokuxhumana ngqo noma ngokufakwa. Le miphumela ingabeka uhlelo kuma-overvoltages noma ama-overcurrents noma womabili, amazinga awo aphakeme ngokwanele ukulimaza uhlelo. Ama-SPD enzelwe ukuthi ahlinzeke ngokuvikelwa kwama-overvoltages kanye nama-overcurrents abangelwa amaphutha ombani nezintambo zikagesi. Leli zinga
ichaza izivivinyo nezidingo ezisungula izindlela zokuhlola ama-SPD nokunquma ukusebenza kwazo.

Ama-SPD abhekiswe kuleli Zinga Lamazwe Omhlaba angaqukatha izingxenye zokuvikela ukuqhuma kwamandla kuphela, noma inhlanganisela yezakhi zokuvikeleka ngokweqile nezingxenye zokuvikela ezenziwa ngokweqile. Amadivayisi okuvikela aqukethe izinto zokuvikela ezenzeka ngokweqile kuphela awekho ekuhlanganisweni kwaleli zinga. Kodwa-ke, amadivayisi anezinto zokuvikela ezenzeka ngokweqile afakwe kusijobelelo A.

I-SPD ingahle ibe nezakhi zokuvikela ezeqile ngokweqile nezokuqhuma ngokweqile. Onke ama-SPD ahlolwa ngesisekelo se- “black box”, okungukuthi, inani lamatheminali we-SPD anquma inqubo yokuhlola, hhayi inani lezinto ezikwi-SPD. Ukulungiswa kwe-SPD kuchazwe ku-1.2. Endabeni yama-SPD amaningi womugqa, umugqa ngamunye ungahlolwa ngokuzimela kweminye, kepha futhi kungahle kube nesidingo sokuhlola yonke imigqa ngasikhathi sinye.

Leli zinga lihlanganisa izimo nezidingo zokuhlola ezahlukahlukene; ukusetshenziswa kwezinye zalezi kungokubona komsebenzisi. Izidingo zaleli zinga zihlobana kanjani nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-SPD kuchazwa ku-1.3. Ngenkathi lokhu kuyizinga lokusebenza futhi kufunwa amakhono athile kuma-SPD, amazinga okwehluleka nencazelo yawo ashiyelwa umsebenzisi. Izimiso zokukhetha nezokusetshenziswa zihlanganiswe ku-IEC 61643-22.

Uma i-SPD yaziwa njengedivayisi eyodwa, kufanele ihlangabezane nezimfuneko zezinga elifanele kanye nalelo elikuleli zinga.