Tsarin Ka'idojin Kariya na SPD Tsarin Ka'idodi

Sauke zazzage Mai Kariyar Na'urar Kariya na SPD Tsarin Ka'idoji, IEC & EN 61643-11, UL 1449, VDE0675-6, IEC & EN 61643-31, EN 50539-11, da dai sauransu.


SPDs ɗinmu suna haɗuwa da sigogin aikin da aka bayyana a cikin ƙasashen duniya da Turai:

  • EN 61643-11 devicesara na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da tsarin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfi - buƙatu da gwaji
  • EN 61643-21 Karfin na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar sigina - buƙatun aiwatarwa da hanyoyin gwaji

Waɗannan sassan na daidaitattun EN 61643 suna amfani da duk SPDs da ke ba da kariya daga walƙiya (kai tsaye da kai tsaye) da ƙarancin ƙarfi.

EN 61643-11 ya rufe kariyar mahimmin AC, don da'ira 50/60 Hz AC da kuma kayan aikin da aka kimanta har zuwa 1000 VRMS AC da 1500 V DC.

EN 61643-21 yana ɗaukar hanyoyin sadarwa da siginar sigina tare da ƙananan tsarin tsarin har zuwa 1000 VRMS AC da 1500 V DC.

A tsakanin waɗannan sassan zuwa daidaitaccen an bayyana:

  • Bukatun lantarki don SPDs, gami da kariyar ƙarfin lantarki da matakan iyakance na yanzu, alamar matsayi da ƙaramar gwajin gwaji
  • Bukatun inji don SPDs, don tabbatar da ingancin haɗin haɗi, da kwanciyar hankali na inji yayin ɗorawa
  • Aikin aminci na SPDs, gami da ƙarfin inji da ikonsa na jure zafi, matsanancin wahala da juriya na rufin ciki

Matsakaicin ya kafa mahimmancin gwajin SPDs don ƙayyade aikin lantarki, na inji da aminci.

Gwajin lantarki ya haɗa da ƙarfin motsawa, iyakance na yanzu, da gwajin watsawa.

Gwajin injiniyoyi da tsaro sun kafa matakan kariya daga tuntuɓar kai tsaye, ruwa, tasiri, yanayin shigar SPD da sauransu.

Don ƙarfin lantarki da iyakancewar aiki na yanzu, an gwada SPD gwargwadon Nau'insa (ko Class zuwa IEC), wanda ke bayyana matakin walƙiya na yanzu ko na wucewa mai wucewa ana tsammanin zai iyakance / juyawa daga kayan aiki masu mahimmanci.

Gwaje-gwajen sun hada da Class I impulse current, Class I & II mara fitarwa mai gudana, motsawar Class I & II da jarabawar hadewar Class III na SPDs da aka girka akan layukan wuta, da Class D (mai ƙarfi sosai), C (saurin tashi sama), da B (saurin saurin tashi) ga waɗanda ke kan bayanai, sigina da layukan sadarwa.

Ana gwada SPDs tare da haɗi ko ƙarshen bin umarnin masana'antun, kamar yadda aka sa ran shigar SPD.

Ana ɗaukar awo a mahaɗin / tashar. Samfurori uku na SPD an gwada su kuma duk dole ne su wuce kafin a ba da izini.

SPDs waɗanda aka gwada su zuwa EN 61643 yakamata a sanya su cikin alama da alama, don haɗa da bayanan aikin dace don aikace-aikacen su.

Technical dalla

A cikin EN 61643 akwai takamaiman Bayanan fasaha guda biyu waɗanda ke ba da shawarwari game da zaɓi da shigarwa na SPDs.

Wadannan su ne:

  • DD CLC / TS 61643-12 devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da tsarin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfi - zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikace
  • DD CLC / TS 61643-22 devicesara na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar sigina - zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikace

Ya kamata a yi amfani da waɗannan takamaiman Bayanan fasaha tare da EN 61643-11 da EN 61643-21 bi da bi.

Kowane Technicalayyadadden fasaha yana ba da bayani da jagora akan:

  • Assessmentididdigar haɗari da kimanta buƙatar SPDs a cikin tsarin ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki, tare da la'akari da IEC 62305 daidaitaccen kariyar walƙiya da IEC 60364 shigarwar lantarki don gine-gine
  • Mahimman halaye na SPD (misali matakin kariyar ƙarfin lantarki) tare tare da bukatun kariya na kayan aiki (watau motsuwarsa na jurewa ko ƙarfin rigakafi)
  • Zaɓin SPDs la'akari da duk yanayin shigarwa, gami da rarrabasu, aiki & aikinsu
  • Gudanar da SPDs a duk lokacin shigarwa (don ƙarfi da layukan bayanai) da tsakanin SPDs da RCDs ko na'urorin kariya na yanzu

Ta hanyar bin jagora a cikin waɗannan takaddun, ana iya samun cikakkun bayanai na SPDs don biyan buƙatun shigarwa.

Nau'in 1, 2, ko 3 SPDs zuwa EN 61643-11 sun dace da Class I, Class II da Class III SPDs zuwa IEC 61643-11 bi da bi.

Sanarwa, cewa hawan ɗan lokaci mai saurin wucewa sune babban tasirin tasirin MTBF (Matsakaicin Lokacin Tsakanin Kasawa) na tsarin da kayan aiki, yana tuka dukkan masana'antun cikin yankin kariyar ƙaruwa don ci gaba da haɓaka sabbin na'urori masu kariya ta wuce gona da iri tare da haɓaka siffofi da bin gaskiya Matsayi na duniya da Turai. Mai zuwa jerin mahimman matakan da ke ciki:

Dokoki / Ka'idoji

description

PD CLC / TS 50539-12: 2013Devicesananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya don takamaiman aikace-aikace gami da dc Sashe na 12: Zaɓuɓɓuka da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikacen - SPDs haɗi da girke-girke na photovoltaic
DD CLC-TS 50539-12: 2010Devicesananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya don takamaiman aikace-aikace gami da dc Sashe na 12: Zaɓuɓɓuka da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikacen - SPDs haɗi da girke-girke na photovoltaic

Ka'idodin Turai (EN)

BS EN 61643-11:2012+A11:2018Protectiveananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 11 devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya masu haɗi da tsarin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfi - Bukatu da hanyoyin gwaji
BS EN 61643-21:2001+A2:2013Protectiveananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 21 devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya masu haɗi da sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar sigina - Bukatun aiki da hanyoyin gwaji
BS EN 62305-1: 2011Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 1: Babban ka'idoji
BS EN 62305-2: 2011Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 2: Gudanar da haɗari
BS EN 62305-3: 2011Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 3: Lalacewa ta jiki ga fasali da haɗarin rayuwa
BS EN 62305-4: 2011Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 4: Tsarin lantarki da lantarki a cikin tsari
EN 50122-1:2011+A4:2017Aikace-aikacen Railway - Kafaffen girke-girke - Sashe na 1: Abubuwan kariya waɗanda suka shafi amincin lantarki da ƙasa
EN 50123-5: 2003Aikace-aikacen Railway - Kafaffen shigarwa - Mai sauya DC - Sashe na 5: Masu kama karuwai da masu ƙarancin ƙarfi don takamaiman amfani da tsarin DC
BS EN 50539-11:2013+A1:2014Protectiveananan na'urorin kariya masu ƙarfi - devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya don takamaiman aikace-aikace gami da dc - Sashe na 11: Bukatu da gwaje-gwaje na SPDs a cikin aikace-aikacen hoto
BS EN 61643-31: 2019Devicesananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 31 Bukatun da hanyoyin gwaji don SPDs don girka hotunan hoto
EN 61173: 2001Kariyar yawan zafin rana don tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic (PV) - Jagora 32. SIST EN 61400-1: 2006 / A1: 2011 Rukunan iska - Sashe na 1: Bukatun ƙira (IEC 61400-1: 2005 / A1: 2010)
EN 62561-1: 2017Kayan Tsarin Kariyar Walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 1: Bukatun abubuwan haɗin haɗi
EN 62561-2: 2012Kayan aikin kare walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 2: Abubuwan buƙata don masu jagora da wayoyin duniya
BS EN IEC 62561-2: 2018Kayan aikin kare walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 2: Abubuwan buƙata don masu jagora da wayoyin duniya
EN 62561-3: 2017Abubuwan haɗin tsarin kariya ta walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 3: Bukatun don keɓe gibin fitilu (ISG)
EN 62561-4: 2017Abubuwan haɗin tsarin kariya ta walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 4: Bukatun masu ɗauke da madugu
EN 62561-5: 2017Abubuwan haɗin tsarin walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 5: Abubuwan buƙata don gidajen binciken lantarki na duniya da hatimin lantarki na duniya
EN 50526-1: 2012Aikace-aikacen Railway - Kafaffen shigarwa - Masu kame DC da keɓaɓɓun na'urorin ƙarfin lantarki - Sashe na 1: Masu kama karuwai
EN 50526-2: 2014Aikace-aikacen Railway - Kafaffen shigarwa - Masu kame DC masu ƙarfi da na'urorin ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki - Sashe na 2: Na'urorin ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki
TS EN 61643-331-2018Abubuwan haɗi don ƙananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙaruwa - Sashe na 331 Buƙatun aiki da hanyoyin gwaji don ƙwararrun ƙarfe na ƙarfe

Deutscher Elektrotechnikere.v. (VDE)

VDE 0675-6-11:2002-12Parafoudres basse-tashin hankali - Partie 11 - Parafoudres connectés aux systèmes de rarraba basse tashin hankali

Hukumar Tarayyar Turai kan Tsarin Turai (EC / EN)

IEC / EN 61326-1: 2012 2LVKayan lantarki don aunawa, sarrafawa da amfani da dakin gwaje-gwaje - Abubuwan EMC - Sashe na 1: Babban buƙatun

Hukumar Lantarki ta Duniya (IEC)

IEC 60038: 2009Tsarin wutar lantarki na IEC
IEC 60099-4: 2014Masu kama karuwai - Sashe na 4: Masu kama ƙarfe da ƙarfe ba tare da gibi ba don tsarin AC
IEC 60099-5: 2013Masu kama karuwai - Sashe na 5: Zaɓi da shawarwarin aikace-aikace
IEC PAS 60099-7: 2004Masu kamawa da ƙarfi - Sashe na 7: Gloamus na sharuɗɗa da ma'ana daga wallafe-wallafen IEC 60099-1, 60099-4, 60099-6, 61643-11, 61643-12, 61643-21,61643-311, 61643-321, 61643-331 and 61643-341
IEC 60364-5-53: 2015Ginin lantarki na gine-gine - Sashe na 5-53: Zaɓi da kafa kayan aikin lantarki-keɓewa, sauyawa da sarrafawa
IEC 60364-7-712: 2017Lowananan shigarwar lantarki - Sashe na 7-712 - Bukatun don shigarwa na musamman ko wurare
IEC 61000-4-5: 2014Jituwa tsakanin lantarki (EMC) - Sashe na 4-5: Gwaji da dabarun awo - Gwajin rigakafin karuwa
IEC 61400-24: 2010Tsarin janareta na injin turbin iska - Sashe na 24: Kariyar walƙiya
IEC 61643-11: 2011Protectiveananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 11: devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya masu haɗi da tsarin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfi - Bukatu da hanyoyin gwaji
IEC 61643-12: 2008Devicesara na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da ƙananan tsarin rarraba wutar lantarki - Zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikace
IEC 61643-21: 2012Devicesananan na'urori masu kariya daga wutar lantarki - Sashe na 21: devicesarfin na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar sigina - Bukatun aiki da hanyoyin gwaji
IEC 61643-22: 2015Na'urorin Kariya na gearfin Surarfin wutar lantarki - Sashe na 22: Na'urorin kariya na karuwa da ke da alaƙa da sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa - Zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikacen
IEC 61643-331: 2017Abubuwan haɗi don ƙananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙaruwa - Sashe na 331 Buƙatun aiki da hanyoyin gwaji don ƙwararrun ƙarfe na ƙarfe
IEC 61643-311: 2013Abubuwan haɗi don ƙananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙaruwa - Sashe na 311: Bukatun aiki da da'irar gwaji don bututun iskar gas (GDT), Buga na 2.0, 2013-04
IEC 62305-1: 2010Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 1: Babban ka'idoji
IEC 62305-2: 2010Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 2: Gudanar da haɗari
IEC 62305-3: 2010Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 3: Lalacewar jiki ga tsari da haɗarin rayuwa
IEC 62305-4: 2010Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 4: Tsarin lantarki da lantarki a cikin tsari
IEC 62497-2: 2010Aikace-aikacen Railway - Haɗin haɗakawa - Sashe na 2: Overarfin ƙarfi da kariya mai dangantaka
IEC 62561-1: 2012Kayan Tsarin Kariyar Walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 1 Bukatun don haɗin haɗin
IEC 62561-2: 2018Kayan aikin kare walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 2: Abubuwan buƙata don masu jagora da wayoyin duniya
IEC 62561-3: 2017Abubuwan haɗin tsarin kariya ta walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 3: Bukatun don keɓe gibin fitilu (ISG)
IEC 62561-4: 2017Abubuwan haɗin tsarin walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 4 Abubuwan da ake buƙata don maɗaurar mai gudanarwa
IEC 62561-5: 2017Abubuwan haɗin tsarin walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 5: Abubuwan buƙata don gidajen binciken lantarki na duniya da hatimin lantarki na duniya
IEC 62561-6: 2018Abubuwan haɗin tsarin walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 6: Bukatun don ƙididdigar yajin walƙiya (LSC)
IEC 62561-7: 2018Abubuwan haɗin tsarin walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 7 Bukatun don inganta mahadi
IEC 61643-31: 2018Devicesananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 31 Bukatun da hanyoyin gwaji don SPDs don girka hotunan hoto
IEC 61643-32: 2017Protectiveananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 32: devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya masu haɗi zuwa gefen dc na shigarwar hoto - Zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikace
IEC 61643-331: 2017Abubuwan da aka gyara don ƙananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙaruwa - Sashe na 331: Bukatun aiki da hanyoyin gwaji don ƙwararrun ƙarfe na ƙarfe (MOV)
IEC 61643-311: 2013Abubuwan haɗi don ƙananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙaruwa - Sashe na 311: Bukatun aiki da layin gwaji don bututun iskar gas (GDT)

Ka'idodin Unionungiyar Sadarwa ta Duniya (ITU-T)

ITU-T K.20: 2011Kariya daga tsangwama: Tsayin daka na kayan aikin sadarwa da aka sanya a cibiyar sadarwar zuwa karfin wuta da wuce gona da iri
ITU-T K.21: 2016Kariya daga tsangwama: Tsayin daka na kayan aikin sadarwa wanda aka girka a cikin rukunin abokan cinikayyar zuwa wutar lantarki da wuce gona da iri
ITU-T K.44: 2016Kariya daga tsangwama: Gwajin gwagwarmaya don kayan aikin sadarwar da aka fallasa su a kan tsauraran matakan da suka gabata - Shawarwarin Asali

Tsarin Harmonization (HD)

HD 60364-4-443: 2016Voltageananan shigarwar lantarki - Sashe na 4-44: Kariya don aminci - Kariya daga rikicewar lantarki da rikicewar lantarki - Magana ta 443: Kariya daga yawan-karfin wutar lantarki na asalin yanayi ko saboda sauyawa.
HD 60364-7-712: 2016Lowananan matakan lantarki - Sashe na 7-712: Bukatun don shigarwa na musamman ko wurare - Tsarin Photovoltaic (PV)

Labarin Laboratory (UL)

UL 1449 Buga na 4Matsayi don Na'urorin Kariya na Karuwa
Ka'idodin NEMA
ANSI C136.2-2015Hanyar Hanya da Kayan Wutar Lantarki - Tsayayyar wutar lantarki da Bukatun rigakafi na wucin gadi