Tsarin Ka'idojin Kariya na SPD Tsarin Ka'idodi
Sauke zazzage Mai Kariyar Na'urar Kariya na SPD Tsarin Ka'idoji, IEC & EN 61643-11, UL 1449, VDE0675-6, IEC & EN 61643-31, EN 50539-11, da dai sauransu.
SPDs ɗinmu suna haɗuwa da sigogin aikin da aka bayyana a cikin ƙasashen duniya da Turai:
- EN 61643-11 devicesara na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da tsarin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfi - buƙatu da gwaji
- EN 61643-21 Karfin na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar sigina - buƙatun aiwatarwa da hanyoyin gwaji
Waɗannan sassan na daidaitattun EN 61643 suna amfani da duk SPDs da ke ba da kariya daga walƙiya (kai tsaye da kai tsaye) da ƙarancin ƙarfi.
EN 61643-11 ya rufe kariyar mahimmin AC, don da'ira 50/60 Hz AC da kuma kayan aikin da aka kimanta har zuwa 1000 VRMS AC da 1500 V DC.
EN 61643-21 yana ɗaukar hanyoyin sadarwa da siginar sigina tare da ƙananan tsarin tsarin har zuwa 1000 VRMS AC da 1500 V DC.
A tsakanin waɗannan sassan zuwa daidaitaccen an bayyana:
- Bukatun lantarki don SPDs, gami da kariyar ƙarfin lantarki da matakan iyakance na yanzu, alamar matsayi da ƙaramar gwajin gwaji
- Bukatun inji don SPDs, don tabbatar da ingancin haɗin haɗi, da kwanciyar hankali na inji yayin ɗorawa
- Aikin aminci na SPDs, gami da ƙarfin inji da ikonsa na jure zafi, matsanancin wahala da juriya na rufin ciki
Matsakaicin ya kafa mahimmancin gwajin SPDs don ƙayyade aikin lantarki, na inji da aminci.
Gwajin lantarki ya haɗa da ƙarfin motsawa, iyakance na yanzu, da gwajin watsawa.
Gwajin injiniyoyi da tsaro sun kafa matakan kariya daga tuntuɓar kai tsaye, ruwa, tasiri, yanayin shigar SPD da sauransu.
Don ƙarfin lantarki da iyakancewar aiki na yanzu, an gwada SPD gwargwadon Nau'insa (ko Class zuwa IEC), wanda ke bayyana matakin walƙiya na yanzu ko na wucewa mai wucewa ana tsammanin zai iyakance / juyawa daga kayan aiki masu mahimmanci.
Gwaje-gwajen sun hada da Class I impulse current, Class I & II mara fitarwa mai gudana, motsawar Class I & II da jarabawar hadewar Class III na SPDs da aka girka akan layukan wuta, da Class D (mai ƙarfi sosai), C (saurin tashi sama), da B (saurin saurin tashi) ga waɗanda ke kan bayanai, sigina da layukan sadarwa.
Ana gwada SPDs tare da haɗi ko ƙarshen bin umarnin masana'antun, kamar yadda aka sa ran shigar SPD.
Ana ɗaukar awo a mahaɗin / tashar. Samfurori uku na SPD an gwada su kuma duk dole ne su wuce kafin a ba da izini.
SPDs waɗanda aka gwada su zuwa EN 61643 yakamata a sanya su cikin alama da alama, don haɗa da bayanan aikin dace don aikace-aikacen su.
Technical dalla
A cikin EN 61643 akwai takamaiman Bayanan fasaha guda biyu waɗanda ke ba da shawarwari game da zaɓi da shigarwa na SPDs.
Wadannan su ne:
- DD CLC / TS 61643-12 devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da tsarin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfi - zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikace
- DD CLC / TS 61643-22 devicesara na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar sigina - zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikace
Ya kamata a yi amfani da waɗannan takamaiman Bayanan fasaha tare da EN 61643-11 da EN 61643-21 bi da bi.
Kowane Technicalayyadadden fasaha yana ba da bayani da jagora akan:
- Assessmentididdigar haɗari da kimanta buƙatar SPDs a cikin tsarin ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki, tare da la'akari da IEC 62305 daidaitaccen kariyar walƙiya da IEC 60364 shigarwar lantarki don gine-gine
- Mahimman halaye na SPD (misali matakin kariyar ƙarfin lantarki) tare tare da bukatun kariya na kayan aiki (watau motsuwarsa na jurewa ko ƙarfin rigakafi)
- Zaɓin SPDs la'akari da duk yanayin shigarwa, gami da rarrabasu, aiki & aikinsu
- Gudanar da SPDs a duk lokacin shigarwa (don ƙarfi da layukan bayanai) da tsakanin SPDs da RCDs ko na'urorin kariya na yanzu
Ta hanyar bin jagora a cikin waɗannan takaddun, ana iya samun cikakkun bayanai na SPDs don biyan buƙatun shigarwa.
Nau'in 1, 2, ko 3 SPDs zuwa EN 61643-11 sun dace da Class I, Class II da Class III SPDs zuwa IEC 61643-11 bi da bi.
Sanarwa, cewa hawan ɗan lokaci mai saurin wucewa sune babban tasirin tasirin MTBF (Matsakaicin Lokacin Tsakanin Kasawa) na tsarin da kayan aiki, yana tuka dukkan masana'antun cikin yankin kariyar ƙaruwa don ci gaba da haɓaka sabbin na'urori masu kariya ta wuce gona da iri tare da haɓaka siffofi da bin gaskiya Matsayi na duniya da Turai. Mai zuwa jerin mahimman matakan da ke ciki:
Dokoki / Ka'idoji | description |
PD CLC / TS 50539-12: 2013 | Devicesananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya don takamaiman aikace-aikace gami da dc Sashe na 12: Zaɓuɓɓuka da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikacen - SPDs haɗi da girke-girke na photovoltaic |
DD CLC-TS 50539-12: 2010 | Devicesananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya don takamaiman aikace-aikace gami da dc Sashe na 12: Zaɓuɓɓuka da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikacen - SPDs haɗi da girke-girke na photovoltaic |
Ka'idodin Turai (EN) | |
BS EN 61643-11:2012+A11:2018 | Protectiveananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 11 devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya masu haɗi da tsarin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfi - Bukatu da hanyoyin gwaji |
BS EN 61643-21:2001+A2:2013 | Protectiveananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 21 devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya masu haɗi da sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar sigina - Bukatun aiki da hanyoyin gwaji |
BS EN 62305-1: 2011 | Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 1: Babban ka'idoji |
BS EN 62305-2: 2011 | Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 2: Gudanar da haɗari |
BS EN 62305-3: 2011 | Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 3: Lalacewa ta jiki ga fasali da haɗarin rayuwa |
BS EN 62305-4: 2011 | Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 4: Tsarin lantarki da lantarki a cikin tsari |
EN 50122-1:2011+A4:2017 | Aikace-aikacen Railway - Kafaffen girke-girke - Sashe na 1: Abubuwan kariya waɗanda suka shafi amincin lantarki da ƙasa |
EN 50123-5: 2003 | Aikace-aikacen Railway - Kafaffen shigarwa - Mai sauya DC - Sashe na 5: Masu kama karuwai da masu ƙarancin ƙarfi don takamaiman amfani da tsarin DC |
BS EN 50539-11:2013+A1:2014 | Protectiveananan na'urorin kariya masu ƙarfi - devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya don takamaiman aikace-aikace gami da dc - Sashe na 11: Bukatu da gwaje-gwaje na SPDs a cikin aikace-aikacen hoto |
BS EN 61643-31: 2019 | Devicesananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 31 Bukatun da hanyoyin gwaji don SPDs don girka hotunan hoto |
EN 61173: 2001 | Kariyar yawan zafin rana don tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic (PV) - Jagora 32. SIST EN 61400-1: 2006 / A1: 2011 Rukunan iska - Sashe na 1: Bukatun ƙira (IEC 61400-1: 2005 / A1: 2010) |
EN 62561-1: 2017 | Kayan Tsarin Kariyar Walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 1: Bukatun abubuwan haɗin haɗi |
EN 62561-2: 2012 | Kayan aikin kare walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 2: Abubuwan buƙata don masu jagora da wayoyin duniya |
BS EN IEC 62561-2: 2018 | Kayan aikin kare walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 2: Abubuwan buƙata don masu jagora da wayoyin duniya |
EN 62561-3: 2017 | Abubuwan haɗin tsarin kariya ta walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 3: Bukatun don keɓe gibin fitilu (ISG) |
EN 62561-4: 2017 | Abubuwan haɗin tsarin kariya ta walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 4: Bukatun masu ɗauke da madugu |
EN 62561-5: 2017 | Abubuwan haɗin tsarin walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 5: Abubuwan buƙata don gidajen binciken lantarki na duniya da hatimin lantarki na duniya |
EN 50526-1: 2012 | Aikace-aikacen Railway - Kafaffen shigarwa - Masu kame DC da keɓaɓɓun na'urorin ƙarfin lantarki - Sashe na 1: Masu kama karuwai |
EN 50526-2: 2014 | Aikace-aikacen Railway - Kafaffen shigarwa - Masu kame DC masu ƙarfi da na'urorin ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki - Sashe na 2: Na'urorin ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki |
TS EN 61643-331-2018 | Abubuwan haɗi don ƙananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙaruwa - Sashe na 331 Buƙatun aiki da hanyoyin gwaji don ƙwararrun ƙarfe na ƙarfe |
Deutscher Elektrotechnikere.v. (VDE) | |
VDE 0675-6-11:2002-12 | Parafoudres basse-tashin hankali - Partie 11 - Parafoudres connectés aux systèmes de rarraba basse tashin hankali |
Hukumar Tarayyar Turai kan Tsarin Turai (EC / EN) | |
IEC / EN 61326-1: 2012 2LV | Kayan lantarki don aunawa, sarrafawa da amfani da dakin gwaje-gwaje - Abubuwan EMC - Sashe na 1: Babban buƙatun |
Hukumar Lantarki ta Duniya (IEC) | |
IEC 60038: 2009 | Tsarin wutar lantarki na IEC |
IEC 60099-4: 2014 | Masu kama karuwai - Sashe na 4: Masu kama ƙarfe da ƙarfe ba tare da gibi ba don tsarin AC |
IEC 60099-5: 2013 | Masu kama karuwai - Sashe na 5: Zaɓi da shawarwarin aikace-aikace |
IEC PAS 60099-7: 2004 | Masu kamawa da ƙarfi - Sashe na 7: Gloamus na sharuɗɗa da ma'ana daga wallafe-wallafen IEC 60099-1, 60099-4, 60099-6, 61643-11, 61643-12, 61643-21,61643-311, 61643-321, 61643-331 and 61643-341 |
IEC 60364-5-53: 2015 | Ginin lantarki na gine-gine - Sashe na 5-53: Zaɓi da kafa kayan aikin lantarki-keɓewa, sauyawa da sarrafawa |
IEC 60364-7-712: 2017 | Lowananan shigarwar lantarki - Sashe na 7-712 - Bukatun don shigarwa na musamman ko wurare |
IEC 61000-4-5: 2014 | Jituwa tsakanin lantarki (EMC) - Sashe na 4-5: Gwaji da dabarun awo - Gwajin rigakafin karuwa |
IEC 61400-24: 2010 | Tsarin janareta na injin turbin iska - Sashe na 24: Kariyar walƙiya |
IEC 61643-11: 2011 | Protectiveananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 11: devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya masu haɗi da tsarin wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfi - Bukatu da hanyoyin gwaji |
IEC 61643-12: 2008 | Devicesara na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da ƙananan tsarin rarraba wutar lantarki - Zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikace |
IEC 61643-21: 2012 | Devicesananan na'urori masu kariya daga wutar lantarki - Sashe na 21: devicesarfin na'urorin kariya masu haɗuwa da sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwar sigina - Bukatun aiki da hanyoyin gwaji |
IEC 61643-22: 2015 | Na'urorin Kariya na gearfin Surarfin wutar lantarki - Sashe na 22: Na'urorin kariya na karuwa da ke da alaƙa da sadarwa da hanyoyin sadarwa - Zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikacen |
IEC 61643-331: 2017 | Abubuwan haɗi don ƙananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙaruwa - Sashe na 331 Buƙatun aiki da hanyoyin gwaji don ƙwararrun ƙarfe na ƙarfe |
IEC 61643-311: 2013 | Abubuwan haɗi don ƙananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙaruwa - Sashe na 311: Bukatun aiki da da'irar gwaji don bututun iskar gas (GDT), Buga na 2.0, 2013-04 |
IEC 62305-1: 2010 | Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 1: Babban ka'idoji |
IEC 62305-2: 2010 | Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 2: Gudanar da haɗari |
IEC 62305-3: 2010 | Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 3: Lalacewar jiki ga tsari da haɗarin rayuwa |
IEC 62305-4: 2010 | Kariya daga walƙiya - Sashe na 4: Tsarin lantarki da lantarki a cikin tsari |
IEC 62497-2: 2010 | Aikace-aikacen Railway - Haɗin haɗakawa - Sashe na 2: Overarfin ƙarfi da kariya mai dangantaka |
IEC 62561-1: 2012 | Kayan Tsarin Kariyar Walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 1 Bukatun don haɗin haɗin |
IEC 62561-2: 2018 | Kayan aikin kare walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 2: Abubuwan buƙata don masu jagora da wayoyin duniya |
IEC 62561-3: 2017 | Abubuwan haɗin tsarin kariya ta walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 3: Bukatun don keɓe gibin fitilu (ISG) |
IEC 62561-4: 2017 | Abubuwan haɗin tsarin walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 4 Abubuwan da ake buƙata don maɗaurar mai gudanarwa |
IEC 62561-5: 2017 | Abubuwan haɗin tsarin walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 5: Abubuwan buƙata don gidajen binciken lantarki na duniya da hatimin lantarki na duniya |
IEC 62561-6: 2018 | Abubuwan haɗin tsarin walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 6: Bukatun don ƙididdigar yajin walƙiya (LSC) |
IEC 62561-7: 2018 | Abubuwan haɗin tsarin walƙiya (LPSC) - Sashe na 7 Bukatun don inganta mahadi |
IEC 61643-31: 2018 | Devicesananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 31 Bukatun da hanyoyin gwaji don SPDs don girka hotunan hoto |
IEC 61643-32: 2017 | Protectiveananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi - Sashe na 32: devicesarfafa na'urorin kariya masu haɗi zuwa gefen dc na shigarwar hoto - Zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikace |
IEC 61643-331: 2017 | Abubuwan da aka gyara don ƙananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙaruwa - Sashe na 331: Bukatun aiki da hanyoyin gwaji don ƙwararrun ƙarfe na ƙarfe (MOV) |
IEC 61643-311: 2013 | Abubuwan haɗi don ƙananan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙaruwa - Sashe na 311: Bukatun aiki da layin gwaji don bututun iskar gas (GDT) |
Ka'idodin Unionungiyar Sadarwa ta Duniya (ITU-T) | |
ITU-T K.20: 2011 | Kariya daga tsangwama: Tsayin daka na kayan aikin sadarwa da aka sanya a cibiyar sadarwar zuwa karfin wuta da wuce gona da iri |
ITU-T K.21: 2016 | Kariya daga tsangwama: Tsayin daka na kayan aikin sadarwa wanda aka girka a cikin rukunin abokan cinikayyar zuwa wutar lantarki da wuce gona da iri |
ITU-T K.44: 2016 | Kariya daga tsangwama: Gwajin gwagwarmaya don kayan aikin sadarwar da aka fallasa su a kan tsauraran matakan da suka gabata - Shawarwarin Asali |
Tsarin Harmonization (HD) | |
HD 60364-4-443: 2016 | Voltageananan shigarwar lantarki - Sashe na 4-44: Kariya don aminci - Kariya daga rikicewar lantarki da rikicewar lantarki - Magana ta 443: Kariya daga yawan-karfin wutar lantarki na asalin yanayi ko saboda sauyawa. |
HD 60364-7-712: 2016 | Lowananan matakan lantarki - Sashe na 7-712: Bukatun don shigarwa na musamman ko wurare - Tsarin Photovoltaic (PV) |
Labarin Laboratory (UL) | |
UL 1449 Buga na 4 | Matsayi don Na'urorin Kariya na Karuwa |
Ka'idodin NEMA | |
ANSI C136.2-2015 | Hanyar Hanya da Kayan Wutar Lantarki - Tsayayyar wutar lantarki da Bukatun rigakafi na wucin gadi |