Qhov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob (SPDs) thiab RCD ua ke

Qhov kev coj ua zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv Cov Kev Tiv Thaiv Surge (SPDs) thiab RCD ua ke

Cov pab tiv thaiv kom zoo dua (SPDs) thiab RCDs

Qhov twg lub zog faib hluav taws xob koom nrog RCDs kev hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm yuav ua rau RCDs ua haujlwm thiab yog li poob ntawm kev xa khoom. Cov khoom tiv thaiv tiv thaiv zoo (SPDs) yuav tsum tsim nyob qhov twg tau teeb tsa ntws los ntawm RCD kom tiv thaiv qhov tsis xav tau tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv overvoltages.

Qhov twg tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tau raug teeb tsa raws li BS 7671 534.2.1 thiab nyob rau sab ntawm txoj haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv tam sim no, RCD muaj kev tiv thaiv mus rau kev hloov mus rau tam sim no ntawm tsawg kawg 3 kA 8/20, yuav tsum siv.

COV LUS TSEEM CEEB // S hom RCDs txaus siab rau qhov yuav tsum tau ua no. Cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tso dej tawm siab dua 3 kA 8/20, RCD yuav tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog hluav

Yog tias SPD tau nruab nrog ib qho qis ntawm RCD, RCD yuav tsum yog lub sijhawm ncua yam uas muaj kev tiv thaiv kom yoog tau yam tsawg kawg ntawm 3kA 8/20. Ntu 534.2.2 ntawm BS 7671 qhia txog SPD kev sib txuas yam tsawg kawg nkaus (raws li SPD hom kev tiv thaiv) ntawm lub hauv paus kev teeb tsa (feem ntau yog Hom 1 SPD).

Yog tias koj tsis tau paub txog cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob raug mob ua haujlwm thiab hom, koj yuav tau nyeem zoo ua ntej ntawm cov khoom tiv thaiv kom zoo.

Kev tiv thaiv SPD hom 1 (CT1)

SPD teeb tsa raws li kev sib txuas hom 1 (CT1) yog rau TN-CS lossis TN-S cov lus npaj li ntawm TT earthing kev npaj qhov twg SPD haum rau hauv nqes dej ntawm RCD.

Daim Duab 1 - Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tiv thaiv zoo (SPDs) tau teeb tsa ntawm sab ntawm RCD

Feem ntau, TT systems yuav tsum tau muaj kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb vim tias lawv ib txwm muaj lub ntiaj teb cuam tshuam ntau dua uas ua rau lub ntiaj teb tsis ua hauj lwm thiab ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau zaus Kev Tiv Thaiv Sab Nraud - OCPDs.

Yog li thiaj li ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb lub sijhawm, RCDs yog siv rau lub ntiaj teb kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.

Kev tiv thaiv SPD hom 2 (CT2)

SPD teeb tsa raws li kev sib txuas hom 2 (CT2) yog qhov yuav tsum muaj ntawm a TT ntiaj teb kev npaj yog tias SPD nce rau saum RCD. Lub RCD uas ntws los ntawm SPD yuav tsis ua haujlwm yog tias SPD ua rau puas tsuaj.

Daim Duab 2 - Cov khoom tiv thaiv kom zoo (SPDs) tau teeb tsa ntawm sab khoom ntawm RCD

SPD kev npaj ntawm no tau teeb tsa zoo xws li hais tias SPDs yog thov ntawm tus neeg coj tus ciaj (nyob nruab nrab nruab nrab) tsis yog nruab nrab ntawm tus coj nyob thiab tus tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv.

Yog tias SPD ua rau nws tsis zoo nws yuav, yog li, tsim qhov luv luv tam sim no dua li ntawm lub ntiaj teb txhaum tam sim no thiab xws li yuav xyuas kom cov kev tiv thaiv tshaj dhau (OCPDs) nyob rau hauv kab nrog SPD kom nyab xeeb ua haujlwm tsis pub dhau lub sijhawm txiav tawm.

Ib lub zog siab dua SPD siv nruab nrab ntawm nruab nrab thiab tus neeg xyuas pib tiv thaiv. Qhov hluav taws xob siab SPD no ntau dua (feem ntau yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub txim rau Hom 1 SPD) yuav tsum muaj raws li xob laim hluav taws xob tshwm sim ntawm tus tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv thiab xws li qhov hluav taws xob siab tshaj SPD pom txog li 4 npaug ntawm qhov tam sim no ntawm SPDs txuas nrog ntawm cov nyob nrog.

Nqe lus 534.2.3.4.3, yog li ntawd, qhia tias SPD nruab nrab ntawm nruab nrab thiab tus tiv thaiv tus neeg tiv thaiv yog nyob ntawm 4 npaug qhov loj ntawm SPD nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam nyob.

Yog li ntawd, tsuas yog tias cov impulse tam sim no Iimp tsis tuaj yeem suav, 534.2.3.4.3 tawm tswv yim hais tias yam tsawg kawg nkaus tus nqi Iimp rau SPD nruab nrab ntawm nruab nrab thiab tus tiv thaiv tiv thaiv yog 50kA 10/350 rau 3 theem CT2 installation, 4 zaug 12.5kA 10/350 ntawm SPDs ntawm tus coj nyob.

CT2 SPD kev teeb tsa feem ntau hu ua '3 + 1' kev npaj rau cov khoom xaib 3 theem.

SPDs thiab TN-CS lub ntiaj teb teeb tsa

Qhov tsawg kawg ntawm SPD kev sib txuas uas xav tau ntawm lossis ze rau lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm kev teeb tsa rau TN-CS tus qauv yuav tsum muaj kev piav qhia ntxiv raws li Ntu 534 ntawm BS 7671 piav qhia (saib Daim Duab 3 hauv qab) ib hom 1 SPD raug xav tau ntawm tus nyob thiab PE tus coj - tib yam raws li qhov xav tau rau TN-S system.

Daim Duab 3 - Teeb tsa Cov Qauv 1, 2 thiab 3 SPD, piv txwv li hauv TN-CS systems

lub sij hawm 'ntawm lossis nyob ze keeb kwm ntawm lub installation' tsim qhov tsis meej xwm muab qhov tseeb tias lo lus 'nyob ze' tsis tau txhais. Los ntawm cov txheej txheem kev pom, yog tias SPDs tau siv li 0.5m deb ntawm PEN cais kom cais N thiab PE, tsis tas yuav muaj SPD tiv thaiv hom nruab nrab ntawm N thiab PE raws li pom hauv daim duab.

Yog tias BS 7671 yuav tso cai rau kev thov SPDs rau TN-C sab (sab siv hluav taws xob) ntawm TN-CS system (pom nyob rau qee thaj chaw ntawm Tebchaws Europe), tom qab ntawv nws yuav muaj peev xwm nruab SPDs li ntawm 0.5m ntawm PEN faib rau N thiab PE thiab rho tawm N rau PE SPD tiv thaiv hom.

Txawm li cas los xij raws li SPDs tsuas yog siv tau TN-S sab (cov neeg siv khoom siv) ntawm TN-CS system, thiab muab SPDs feem ntau ntsia rau ntawm lub ntsiab faib board, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm SPD nruab rau kev sib kis thiab PEN cais yuav luag tas li ntau dua 0.5 m, yog li ntawd yuav tsum muaj SPD nruab nrab ntawm N thiab PE raws li qhov xav tau ntawm TN-S system.

Raws li Hom 1 SPD tau raug teeb tsa tshwj xeeb los tiv thaiv kev pheej hmoo ntawm tib neeg lub neej (mus rau BS EN62305) los ntawm cov kev phom sij txaus ntshai uas tuaj yeem ua kom muaj hluav taws kub phom piv txwv, kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ib leeg, kev txiav txim siab engineering yog tias SPD yuav tsum tau ua kom haum nruab nrab ntawm N thiab PE rau TN-CS system raws li nws yuav nyob rau hauv TN-S system.

Hauv cov ntsiab lus, hais txog raws li Tshooj 534 tau txhawj xeeb, TN-CS systems raug kho tib yam li TN-S systems rau xaiv thiab teeb tsa ntawm SPDs.

Cov hauv paus ntawm kev tiv thaiv cov khoom pov hwm

Surge Protection Device (SPDs) yog ib qho khoom siv tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob. Cov cuab yeej no txuas nrog lub zog fais fab nyob rau hauv thaum uas tig mus nrog lub loads (circuits) tias nws yog npaj los tiv thaiv (saib Daim Duab 4). Nws kuj tseem siv tau rau txhua qib ntawm kev xa xov hluav taws xob.

Nov yog qhov feem ntau siv thiab feem ntau cov ua tau hom overvoltage tiv thaiv.

Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv

SPDs tau tsim kom tsis txhob muaj cov hloov pauv vim muaj xob laim lossis hloov thiab hloov kev sib txuam ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob mus rau lub ntiaj teb, yog li kom txo cov kev hla no mus rau theem uas tsis zoo li yuav ua kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lossis khoom siv.

Cov hom kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig

Muaj peb hom SPD raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb:

Hom 1 SPD

Kev tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv overvoltages vim yog xob laim ntaus ncaj ncaj. Hom 1 SPD raug pom zoo los tiv thaiv kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob tiv thaiv cov hluav taws xob ib nrab ntawm xob laim los ntawm kev tawm tsam hluav taws xob ncaj qha. Nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov voltage los ntawm xob laim kis tawm ntawm tus neeg xyuas hauv ntiaj teb mus rau tus neeg xyuas pib network.

Hom 1 SPD yog tus yam ntxwv a 10 / 350µs cov nthwv dej tam sim no.

Daim duab 5 - Peb hom SPD raws li cov txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb

Hom 2 SPD

Kev tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv overvoltages vim kev hloov hluav taws xob thiab cov ntaus nrhav hluav taws xob tsis ncaj. Hom 2 SPD yog qhov kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv zoo rau txhua qhov hluav taws xob qis. Nruab rau hauv txhua lub tshuab hluav taws xob, nws tiv thaiv kev sib kis ntawm overvoltages hauv kev teeb tsa hluav taws xob thiab tiv thaiv cov nra.

Hom 2 SPD yog tus cwj pwm ntawm tus a 8 / 20µs cov nthwv dej tam sim no.

Hom 3 SPD

Hom 3 SPD siv rau kev tiv thaiv hauv zos rau cov nra hnyav. Cov SPDs no muaj qhov qes qis. Lawv yuav tsum yog li ntawd tsuas yog ntsia raws li kev txhawb rau Hom 2 SPD thiab ib puag ncig ntawm cov nra hnyav. Lawv tau dav siv raws li nyuaj-wired 'devices (nquag ua ke nrog Hom 2 SPD rau siv nyob rau hauv kev sib dhos taag).