Kev tiv thaiv hluav taws xob tsis zoo rau lub zog hluav taws xob & EV Charger & hluav taws xob tsheb

Electro Mobility: Txhim khu kev qha kev them nqi

Nrog cov nce ntxiv ntawm cov tsheb siv hluav taws xob, thiab cov cuab yeej tshiab "them ceev", qhov kev xav tau kev txhim kho thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov hluav taws xob kuj tseem nce ntxiv. Ob qho tag nrho cov khoom siv roj teeb sib txuas thiab cov tsheb sib txuas lawv tus kheej yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv overvoltages, vim tias ob qho tib si muaj cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo.

Kev tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev tawm tsam xob laim raws li tiv thaiv kev hloov hluav taws xob ntawm lub network sab yog qhov tsim nyog. Kev ntaus ncaj qha los ntawm kev tawm tsam hluav taws xob yog raug mob siab thiab nyuaj rau kev tiv thaiv, tab sis qhov kev phom sij tiag tiag rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm txhua yam yog los ntawm cov hluav taws xob tau tshwm sim. Tsis tas li ntawd, txhua daim phiaj-sab hluav taws xob hloov mus ua haujlwm uas txuas nrog rau kab sib chaws, yog qhov peev xwm txaus ntshai rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv lub tsheb hluav taws xob thiab chaw nres tsheb them. Kev ua txhaum luv thiab kev ua txhaum ntawm lub ntiaj teb kuj tseem tuaj yeem suav los ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv no.

Txhawm rau npaj los tiv thaiv cov kev pheej hmoo ntawm hluav taws xob, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua tiag tiag rau kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog. Kev tiv thaiv kev nqis peev uas kim yog qhov tseem ceeb, thiab cov qauv hluav taws xob sib txawv tau hais txog txoj hauv kev thiab cov cai ntawm kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb. Muaj ntau qhov yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab, vim tias ntau qhov chaw txaus ntshai tsis tuaj yeem daws nrog ib txoj kev daws rau txhua yam. Daim ntawv no ua ib qho kev pabcuam los txheeb xyuas cov xwm txheej pheej hmoo thiab cov kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, ob sab ntawm AC thiab DC sab.

Soj ntsuam cov xwm txheej kom raug

Overvoltages tshwm sim los, piv txwv li, los ntawm cov hluav taws xob ncaj qha lossis tsis ncaj ncaj rau hauv kev sib txuas tam sim no (AC) network yuav tsum tau ploj mus txog rau lub tswv yim ntawm cov faib khoom tseem ceeb ntawm EV charging ntaus ntawv. Nws thiaj li pom zoo rau nruab Kev Tiv Thaiv Kev Tiv Thaiv Sab Nraud (SPDs) uas coj cov impinging surge tam sim no rau lub ntiaj teb, ncaj qha tom qab lub ntsiab hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob. Lub hauv paus zoo heev yog muab los ntawm cov hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob qauv txheem IEC 62305-1 rau 4 nrog nws daim ntawv thov piv txwv. Muaj, kev txheeb xyuas qhov kev pheej hmoo zoo li kev tiv thaiv sab nraud thiab sab hauv sab nraud yog sib tham.

Xob laim tiv thaiv qib (LPL), uas qhia txog ntau lub hom phiaj kev siv tseem ceeb, yog kev txiav txim siab hauv qhov no. Piv txwv li, LPL I suav nrog cov dav hlau ua haujlwm, uas tseem yuav tsum ua haujlwm txawm tias tom qab siv hluav taws xob ncaj qha (S1). LPL Kuv tseem xav txog tsev kho mob; qhov twg cov khoom siv kuj tseem yuav tsum ua haujlwm tau zoo thaum muaj cua daj cua dub thiab tiv thaiv los ntawm kev phom sij txaus ntshai kom tib neeg ib txwm muaj kev nyab xeeb li qub tau.

Txhawm rau ntsuas qhov teeb meem sib luag, nws yog qhov yuav tsum tau soj ntsuam qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub teeb hluav taws xob tiv thaiv nws thiab nws cov kev cuam tshuam. Rau lub hom phiaj no, muaj ntau yam ntxwv muaj, suav txij li qhov cuam tshuam ncaj qha (S1) txog kev sib piv ncaj ncaj (S4). Ua ke nrog cov teeb meem cuam tshuam muaj feem cuam tshuam (S1-S4) thiab cov ntawv thov txheeb xyuas hom (LPL I- / IV), cov khoom sib nug xov rau xob laim thiab tiv thaiv kom nruj tau txiav txim tau.

Cov qib tiv thaiv xob laim rau kev tiv thaiv xob laim sab hauv tau muab faib ua plaub pawg: LPL I yog qib siab tshaj plaws thiab cia siab ntawm 100 kA rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov mem tes hauv daim ntawv thov. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias 200 kA rau kev tawm tsam rau hluav taws xob nyob sab nraud. Ntawm qhov no, 50 feem pua ​​tau tso tawm mus rau hauv av, thiab qhov seem "100 kA" txuas mus rau sab hauv lub tsev. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov ncaj qha xob laim tawm tsam raug S1, thiab ib daim ntawv thov ntawm xob laim tiv thaiv qib I (LPL I), lub network sib txuas lus yuav tsum yog li ntawd txiav txim siab. Txheej txheem cej luam rau sab xis muab cov nqi uas yuav tsum tau rau ib tus neeg xyuas pib:

Qhov tseeb them tiv thaiv rau hluav taws xob kev them nqi vaj tse

Cov kev txiav txim siab zoo sib xws yuav tsum tau siv rau hauv kev them nqi hluav taws xob. Ntxiv nrog rau AC sab, DC sab yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab rau qee qhov them nqi sab thev naus laus zis. Nws yog yog li ntawd tsim nyog los txais cov xwm txheej thiab cov nuj nqis nthuav tawm rau kev them nqi ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob. Qhov kev qhia dag schematic no qhia pom cov qauv ntawm cov chaw them nqi. Yuav tsum muaj hluav taws xob tiv thaiv qib LPL III / IV yuav tsum muaj. Daim duab hauv qab no qhia txog cov xwm txheej S1 rau S4:

Cov xwm txheej no tuaj yeem muab ntau rau ntau hom sib txawv ntawm kev txuas.

Cov xwm txheej no yuav tsum muaj zog nrog kev tiv thaiv xob laim thiab pob thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Cov lus qhia hauv qab no muaj nyob hauv qhov no:

• Rau them nqi cov cuab yeej tsis muaj teeb meem sab nraud tiv thaiv hluav taws xob (kev sib cais tam sim no los yog sib luag hauv lub luag hauj lwm; qhov tseem ceeb rau ib tus neeg xyuas pib): tsuas yog kev sib piv ncaj ncaj tshwm sim ntawm no thiab tsuas yog overvoltage tiv thaiv kev ceev faj kom tau. Qhov no tseem muaj qhia nyob hauv Daim Ntawv 2 ntawm cov mem tes duab 8/20 μs, uas sawv rau overvoltage mem tes.

Hauv qhov no qhia kev sib txuas ncaj qha thiab tsis ncaj ncaj los ntawm ib qho txuas ntawm cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm txoj hauv kev txuas, kev them lub pob hluav taws xob tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv sab nraud. Ntawm no yog qhov kev pheej hmoo tiv thaiv hluav taws xob yog qhov pom ntawm cov nyiaj siv ua haujlwm tshaj tawm. Nws thiaj li tsim nyog los nruab lub teeb tiv thaiv ntawm AC sab. Kev sib txuas peb-theem yuav tsum muaj tsawg kawg yog 5 kA (10/350 μs) tiv thaiv ib tus neeg xyuas pib, saib Cov Lus 3.

• Rau them cov nqi hluav taws xob nrog kev tiv thaiv xob laim sab nraud: daim duab qhia hauv nplooj ntawv 4 qhia txog kev tsim qauv LPZ, uas sawv cev ntawm qhov chaw hu ua xob laim Tshav Tshav Tshav - piv txwv li lub teeb hluav taws xob tiv thaiv uas ua rau lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv zoo. LPZ0 yog qhov chaw sab nraud tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv; LPZ0B txhais tau hais tias thaj chaw no "nyob hauv qhov ntxoov ntxoo" ntawm kev tiv thaiv xob laim sab nraud. LPZ1 hais txog lub tsev nkag, piv txwv li qhov chaw nkag ntawm AC sab. LPZ2 sawv cev rau kev faib me me ntxiv hauv tsev.

Hauv peb cov xwm txheej peb tuaj yeem xav tias cov khoom lag luam ntawm LPZ0 / LPZ1 xob laim thaiv cov khoom lag luam yog qhov yuav tsum tau uas tsim nyog raws li T1 cov khoom (Hom 1) (Chav I ib IEC lossis kev tiv thaiv ntxhib). Hauv kev hloov ntawm LPZ1 mus rau LPZ2 kuj tseem tham txog kev tiv thaiv overvoltage T2 (Hom 2), Chav Kawm II ntawm IEC lossis kev tiv thaiv nruab nrab.

Hauv peb qhov piv txwv hauv Table 4, qhov no sib raug rau tus neeg ntes nrog 4 x 12.5 kA rau AC txuas, piv txwv li tag nrho xob laim tam sim no nqa tau 50 kA (10/350 μs). Rau cov hloov pauv AC / DC, cov khoom tsim nyog overvoltage yuav tsum tau xaiv. Xim: Ntawm AC thiab DC sab no yuav tsum tau ua kom haum.

Cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev tiv thaiv xob laim sab nraud

Rau lub chaw nres tsheb them lawv tus kheej, xaiv cov kev daws teeb meem tseeb nyob ntawm seb cov chaw nres tsheb yog nyob rau hauv qhov chaw tiv thaiv sab nraud ntawm kev tiv thaiv xob laim sab nraud. Yog tias ua tau li no, ib tus T2 raug ntes txaus. Hauv cov chaw sab nraum zoov, T1 ntes neeg yuav tsum siv raws li kev pheej hmoo. Saib Daim Ntawv 4.

Tseem Ceeb: Lwm yam kev cuam tshuam kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj overvoltage thiab yog li xav tau kev tiv thaiv tsim nyog. Cov no tuaj yeem hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob uas tshaj tawm cov kev hloov pauv, piv txwv, lossis cov uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab nkag rau hauv lub tsev (xov tooj, cov ntaub ntawv tsheb npav).

Txoj cai muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm tus ntiv tes xoo: Txhua cov xov kab hlau, xws li roj av, dej lossis hluav taws xob, uas ua rau nkag los lossis tawm hauv ib lub tsev yog cov khoom sib kis tau zoo rau cov kev ntsuas hluav taws xob. Yog li, hauv kev sojntsuam pheej hmoo, lub tsev yuav tsum raug kuaj xyuas rau qhov muaj peev xwm thiab kev tiv thaiv xob laim / tiv thaiv kom haum yuav tsum raug txiav txim siab ze rau ntawm qhov chaw cuam tshuam lossis lub tsev nkag. Daim Ntawv 5 hauv qab no muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm ntau hom kev tiv thaiv phais muaj:

Hom khoom thiab SPD xaiv

Qhov tsawg tshaj plaws clamping voltage yuav tsum tau siv rau cov ntawv thov kom pov hwm. Yog li nws thiaj li tseem ceeb los xaiv cov qauv tsim nyog thiab qhov haum SPD.

Piv nrog rau kev siv tshuab ntes tau zoo, LSP cov cuab yeej sib xyaw ua ke kom ntseeg tau tias qhov thauj khoom ntawm qhov qis tshaj ntawm cov khoom siv yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv. Nrog rau kev tiv thaiv zoo overvoltage, cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv muaj qhov tsis zoo tam sim no ntws ntawm qhov muaj peev xwm loj thiab qis zog ntawm lub zog (I2t) - cov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob tam sim no tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam.

Rov qab mus rau qhov kev thov tshwj xeeb ntawm kev them nyiaj rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob: Yog tias them cov khoom siv tau deb tshaj kaum metres los ntawm cov khoom faib tseem ceeb uas qhov chaw tiv thaiv hluav taws xob nyob hauv, kev tiv thaiv SPD ntxiv yuav tsum muab ntsia ncaj qha rau ntawm cov txuas ntawm AC sab ntawm cov chaw nres tsheb hauv raws li IEC 61643-12.

SPDs ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm lub ntsiab faib board yuav tsum muaj peev xwm rub tawm cov hluav taws xob ib feem ntawm xob laim (12.5 kA ib ntu), tau muab cais raws li Chav Kawm I raws li IEC 61643-11, raws li Rooj Lus 1, hauv AC network tsis muaj qhov loj nyob hauv kev tshwm sim ntawm xob laim ntaus. Ib qho ntxiv, lawv yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj xaim hluav taws xob tam sim no (hauv cov ntawv thov ua ntej ua ntej) thiab tsis ua qhov tsis txaus rau luv luv voltage siab kawg uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim muaj qhov yuam kev hauv lub network hluav taws xob tsawg. Nov yog tib txoj hauv kev los lav cov kev pabcuam ntev lub neej thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm SPD siab. UL ntawv pov thawj, hom phiaj 1CA lossis 2CA raws li UL 1449-4th, ua kom ntseeg tau thoob ntiaj teb.

LSP lub tshuab thev naus laus zis yog hom phiaj tsim nyog rau AC tiv thaiv ntawm lub tswv yim ntawm lub ntsiab faib board raws li cov tseev kom muaj. Vim tias qhov xau-dawb tsim qauv, cov khoom siv no kuj tuaj yeem ntsia tau rau hauv cheeb tsam ua ntej npaj dej.

Qhov tshwj xeeb tshwj xeeb: Daim ntawv thov siv tam sim no

Kev siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob kuj tseem siv cov thev naus laus zis xws li lub roj teeb nrawm thiab chaw tso roj teeb. DC applications yog qhia tshwj xeeb uas siv ntawm no. Qhov no yuav tsum tau rau cov neeg raug ntes nrog kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, xws li cov huab cua loj thiab cov menyuam dej. Txij li qhov DC voltage, hauv qhov sib piv rau AC voltage, tsis muaj lub xoom hla, qhov tshwm sim arcs tsis tuaj yeem txiav tawm. Yog li ntawd, cov hluav taws kub tau yooj yim tshwm sim uas yog vim li cas thiaj yuav tsum siv cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob kom tsim nyog.

Txij li cov feem cuam no cuam tshuam rhiab heev rau overvoltages (tsis cuam tshuam kev tiv thaiv qis), lawv kuj yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv nrog cov khoom tsim nyog tiv thaiv. Txwv tsis pub lawv tuaj yeem ua ntej-puas, uas tau txo qis kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom siv.

Nrog nws cov khoom lag luam FLP-PV1000, LSP muaj kev daws teeb meem tsim rau siv nyob rau hauv qhov DC. Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb suav nrog kev tsim ua ib qho tsis zoo thiab qhov tshwj xeeb ua kom tsis muaj qhov tsis zoo uas tuaj yeem siv los tiv thaiv qhov hloov hluav taws xob. Vim tias lub siab tua tus kheej muaj peev xwm, tus neeg ua haujlwm luv-luv tam sim no ntawm 25 kA tuaj yeem sib cais, raws li tuaj yeem tshwm sim, piv txwv li, los ntawm roj teeb cia.

Vim tias FLP-PV1000 yog hom neeg ntes 1 thiab Hom 2, nws tuaj yeem siv thoob ntiaj teb rau cov ntawv thov e-mob rau ntawm DC sab raws li xob laim lossis tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv. Cov nominal tawm tam sim no ntawm cov khoom no yog 20 kA rau ib tus neeg xyuas pib. Txhawm rau kom paub meej tias kev soj ntsuam lub rwb thaiv tsev tsis cuam tshuam, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov dej xau tam sim-tsis raug ntes - qhov no tseem lav nrog FLP-PV1000.

Lwm qhov tseem ceeb yog kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm thaum muaj kev sib tsoo (Uc). Ntawm no FLP-PV1000 muaj kev nyab xeeb txog 1000 volts DC. Raws li qib kev tiv thaiv yog <4.0 kV, kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub tsheb hluav taws xob tau lees tias tib lub sijhawm. Qhov ntsuas tsim hluav taws xob ntawm 4.0 kV yuav tsum tau lav rau cov tsheb no. Yog li yog tias cov xaim xaim hluav taws xob yog qhov tseeb SPD kuj tiv thaiv lub tsheb hluav taws xob raug them. (Daim Duab 3)

FLP-PV1000 muaj cov coj xim coj los qhia cov ntaub ntawv cov xwm txheej yooj yim hais txog lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom. Nrog kev sib txuas xov tooj sib xyaws, kev ntsuas tau tuaj yeem nqa los ntawm cov chaw deb.

Kev tiv thaiv thoob ntiaj teb

LSP muaj cov khoom lag luam zoo tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam, nrog khoom siv rau txhua qhov xwm txheej thiab ntau zaus ntau dua li ib qho. Rau tag nrho cov xwm txheej saum toj no LSP cov khoom tuaj yeem tuaj yeem lav tag nrho cov cuab yeej them nqi - ob qho tib si thoob ntiaj teb IEC & EN cov kev daws teeb meem thiab cov khoom lag luam.

Xyuas kom muaj kev txav chaw
Tiv thaiv cov cuab yeej them nqi thiab hluav taws xob tsheb los ntawm xob laim thiab raug puas tsuaj raws li qhov yuav tsum ua ntawm IEC 60364-4-44 clause 443, IEC 60364-7-722 thiab VDE AR-N-4100.

Cov tsheb fais - huv si, sai thiab ntsiag to - tab tom ua cov neeg muaj suab nrov
Kev lag luam sai sai e-mob ua lag luam yog qhov kev xav tau zoo rau kev lag luam, khoom siv hluav taws xob, zej zog thiab nrog pej xeem. Cov neeg teb xov tooj tau txiav txim siab tau nyiaj sai li sai tau, yog li nws yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tiv thaiv downtime. Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm kev suav nrog cov hluav taws xob tiv thaiv hluav taws xob thiab cov ntsiab lus tiv thaiv kev nrawm ntawm qhov qauv tsim theem.

Kev Nyab Xeeb - muaj txiaj ntsig zoo
Xob laim thiab cuam tshuam ntxiv ua rau lub siab ncaj ncees ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsis zoo ntawm kev them nyiaj kab ke. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog them cov ntawv tshaj tawm uas yog qhov kev pheej hmoo, tab sis tus neeg siv khoom tsheb. Downtime lossis kev puas tsuaj sai tuaj yeem tau txais kim. Ib sab ntawm tus nqi kho, koj kuj yuav poob qhov kev ntseeg siab ntawm koj cov neeg siv khoom. Kev ntseeg tau yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam hluas txheej txheem no.

Cov qauv tseem ceeb rau e-mobility

Cov qauv twg yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab rau e-mobility charging infrastructure?

IEC 60364 txheej txheem series muaj cov qauv kev teeb tsa thiab yog li ntawd yuav tsum tau siv rau cov chaw sib dhos tsis tu ncua. Yog qhov chaw nres tsheb them nqi tsis tuaj yeem txav mus thiab txuas nrog los ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob, nws poob rau qhov kev nkag ntawm IEC 60364.

IEC 60364-4-44, tshooj 443 (2007) qhia txog THEN tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau muab ntsia. Piv txwv li, yog tias surges yuav cuam tshuam rau cov kev pabcuam pej xeem lossis kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam thiab yog tias cov cuab yeej rhiab ntawm cov nqi ntau dua li I + II… raug ntsia.

IEC 60364-5-53, clause 534 (2001) cuam tshuam rau lo lus nug ntawm WHICH kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau xaiv thiab YUAV UA LI CAS rau nruab nws.

Dab tsi tshiab?

IEC 60364-7-722 - Cov tseev kom muaj rau kev teeb tsa tshwj xeeb lossis chaw nyob - Khoom siv rau hluav taws xob tsheb

Raws li Lub Rau Hli Ntuj 2019, IEC 60364-7-722 tus txheej txheem tshiab yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau kev npaj thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv rau cov ntsiab lus sib txuas uas nkag tau rau pej xeem.

722.443 Kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov khoom siv hauv paus hauv paus hauv paus los yog vim hloov

722.443.4 Siab Tswj

Ib qho chaw txuas nkag mus rau cov pej xeem txiav txim siab yog ib feem ntawm cov chaw pej xeem thiab yog li yuav tsum muaj kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam kev hloov pauv. Raws li ua ntej, cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kom zoo dua raug xaiv thiab nruab raws li IEC 60364-4-44, clause 443 thiab IEC 60364-5-53, clause 534.

VDE-AR-N 4100 - Cov kev cai yooj yim rau kev txuas cov neeg yuav khoom siv mus rau cov hluav taws xob qis

Hauv Tebchaws Yelemees, VDE-AR-N-4100 yuav tsum raug ntxiv rau kev soj ntsuam cov tsub roj teeb uas txuas ncaj qha rau cov kab hluav taws xob tsawg.

VDE-AR-N-4100 piav qhia, ntawm lwm yam, yuav tseev kom muaj ntxiv rau cov tub ceev xwm yam 1 siv nyob rau hauv qhov tseem ceeb muab fais fab, piv txwv:

• Hom 1 SPD yuav tsum ua raws li DIN EN 61643 11 (VDE 0675 6 11) cov khoom lag luam
• Tsuas siv hluav taws xob-hloov hom 1 SPDs (nrog rau qhov sib txawv). SPDs nrog ib los yog ntau dua varistors lossis sib txuas ntawm cov hluav taws xob sib txawv thiab cov pa taws txawv txav raug txwv.
• Hom 1 SPD yuav tsum tsis ua rau kev khiav haujlwm tam sim no tshwm sim los ntawm cov xwm txheej qhia tawm, piv txwv li LEDs

Downtime - Tsis txhob cia nws los rau ntawd

Pov thaiv koj kev nqis peev

Tiv thaiv lub tshuab kev them nyiaj thiab hluav taws xob tsheb los ntawm kev raug nqi ntau

• Rau lub txim tswj thiab roj teeb
• Txhawm rau tswj, txee thiab sib txuas lus hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshuab them nyiaj.

Tiv thaiv tus nqi them khoom

Xob thaiv hluav taws xob thiab tawm tiv thaiv hluav taws xob rau electromobility charging chaw nres tsheb

Lub chaw nres tsheb yuav tsum them qhov twg cov tsheb hluav taws xob nres rau ib lub sijhawm txuas ntxiv: ntawm chaw ua haujlwm, hauv tsev, chaw nres tsheb + chaw caij tsheb, hauv chaw nres tsheb tsheb ntau, hauv chaw nres tsheb hauv av, hauv chaw nres tsheb npav (hluav taws xob tsheb npav), thiab lwm yam. Yog li, ntau thiab ntau qhov chaw them nqi hluav taws xob (ob qho tib si AC thiab DC) tam sim no tau raug teeb tsa hauv cov chaw ntiag tug, ib nrab-pej xeem, thiab cov chaw pej xeem - yog li ntawd muaj kev nce siab hauv kev tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus zoo. Cov tsheb no kim dhau lawm thiab kev nqis peev ntau dhau los khiav txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm xob laim thiab kev puas tsuaj loj.

Xob laim ntaus - Muaj kev pheej hmoo rau hluav taws xob hauv xov tooj

Thaum muaj cua daj cua dub los cuam tshuam, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsis zoo rau cov maub los, lub txee thiab kev sib txuas lus tshwj xeeb yog kev pheej hmoo.

Lub tshuab kaw lus hnub qub uas nws cov ntsiab lus sib txuas sib txuas tau rhuav tshem tam sim ntawd tsuas yog siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv ib zaug.

Surges tseem ua rau kev puas tsuaj

Ib qho kev tawm tsam xob laim ze ze feem ntau ua rau kev puas tsuaj uas ua rau cov vaj tsev puas tsuaj. Yog tias muaj kev tawm tsam zoo li no thaum lub sijhawm them nyiaj, nws yog qhov zoo tias lub tsheb yuav puas. Cov tsheb hluav taws xob feem ntau muaj hluav taws xob muaj zog txog li 2,500 V - tab sis qhov hluav taws xob tsim tawm los ntawm kev tawm tsam hluav taws xob tuaj yeem yog 20 zaug siab dua qhov ntawd.

Tiv thaiv koj cov kev nqis peev - Tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj

Nyob ntawm qhov chaw thiab hom teeb meem kev hem thawj, yuav tsum muaj lub teeb ci nrawm rau lub teeb thiab tiv thaiv qoj ib puag ncig.

Surge kev tiv thaiv rau hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws xob

Kev ua lag luam rau kev siv hluav taws xob muaj nyob ntawm txav chaw. Kev siv tshuab lwm txoj kev xaiv tau sau npe tsis tu ncua hauv kev sau npe, thiab tshwj xeeb yog tseem tau them nyiaj rau qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov nqi them thoob tebchaws. Piv txwv, raws li cov kev suav los ntawm lub koom haum german BDEW, 70.000 lub chaw them nqi thiab 7.000 lub sijhawm them sai yog xav tau 1 lab e-tsheb (hauv lub teb chaws Yelemees). Peb qhov kev cai them nqi sib txawv tuaj yeem nrhiav tau ntawm lub khw. Ntxiv nrog rau kev them nqi wireless raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus induction, uas tseem yog qhov tsis tshua sib xws rau cov teb chaws euro (thaum lub sijhawm no), roj teeb pauv chaw nres tsheb tau tsim dua lwm txoj hauv kev raws li txoj kev them nqi yooj yim tshaj plaws rau tus neeg siv. Txoj kev them nqi siv ntau tshaj plaws, txawm li cas los xij, yog xaim xaim hluav taws xob them nqi ... thiab qhov no yog qhov tseeb qhov twg txhim khu kev qha thiab ua tib zoo tsim xob laim thiab xob tiv thaiv yuav tsum tau ua kom ntseeg tau. Yog tias lub tsheb tau suav tias yog qhov chaw nyab xeeb yog thaum muaj nag xob nag cua vim nws lub cev hlau thiab yog li ua raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm Faraday lub tawb, thiab yog tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob kuj tseem muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau cov cuab yeej cuab tam, cov kev hloov pauv thaum lub sijhawm them nyiaj. Thaum lub sijhawm them hluav taws xob, lub tsheb hluav taws xob tam sim no txuas nrog lub xov tooj hluav taws xob tiv thaiv, pub los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Overvoltages tuaj yeem tam sim no tseem ob peb mus rau hauv lub tsheb los ntawm qhov kev txuas hluav taws xob txuas rau lub zog xaib. Xob laim thiab overvoltage cov kev puas tsuaj ntau dua li qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov hluav taws xob no thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiv thaiv overvoltages tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb. Cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob (SPD) hauv cov cuab yeej them nqi muaj qhov yooj yim thiab siv txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub chaw them nqi thiab, tshwj xeeb, cov tsheb ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm kev puas ntsoog.

Lub wired charging

Qhov chaw nruab rau chaw thau khoom siv rau cov khoom siv thauj khoom no yog nyob rau thaj chaw muaj chaw hauv chaw nres tsheb ntawm tsev ntiag tug lossis chaw nres tsheb hauv av. Lub chaw nres tsheb them yog ib feem ntawm lub tsev. Lub peev xwm them ib qho hluav taws xob txuas ntxiv ntawm qhov hluav taws xob nyob ntawm no yog txog 22 kW, qhov thiaj li hu ua kev them nqi ib txwm, uas raws li German txoj cai thov tam sim no VDE-AR-N 4100 Kev them cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rau cov tsheb hluav taws xob nrog lub zog hluav taws xob ≥ 3.6 kVA yuav tsum rau npe tus neeg siv hluav taws xob, thiab txawm tias yuav tsum tau txais kev pom zoo ua ntej yog tias tag nrho cov hwj chim tsim los yuav tsum yog> 12 kVA. IEC 60364-4-44 yuav tsum tau hais meej nyob rau ntawm no ua lub hauv paus rau kev txiav txim siab cov tseev kom muaj ntawm kev tiv thaiv qog ua kom tau txais. Nws piav qhia txog "Kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam kev hloov pauv vim muaj cov pa hauv paus los yog hloov ua haujlwm". Rau kev xaiv ntawm cov cheebtsam yuav tsum tau nruab ntawm no, peb xa mus rau IEC 60364-5-53. Kev xaiv pabcuam uas tsim los ntawm LSP tswj kev xaiv cov neeg raug ntes lus nug. Thov saib ntawm no.

Tus nqi them hom 4

Thaum kawg tab sis tsis tsawg, kev them nyiaj hom 4 piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem them ceev ceev nrog> 22 kW, feem ntau nrog DC txog tam sim no feem ntau 350kW (saib raws li 400kW thiab ntau dua). Cov chaw them nqi hluav taws xob no tsuas yog pom nyob hauv cov chaw pej xeem. Nov yog qhov chaw IEC 60364-7-722 “Cov tseev kom muaj rau cov chaw ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb, chav thiab tshuab ua haujlwm - Lub zog xa hluav taws xob rau hluav taws xob tsheb” nkag mus hauv kev ua si. Kev tiv thaiv overvoltage tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv overvoltages vim muaj cov pa hauv paus los yog thaum lub sijhawm hloov kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tshwj xeeb kom them cov ntsiab lus hauv cov chaw nkag mus tau rau pej xeem. Yog tias lub chaw txuas hluav taws xob tau teeb tsa sab nraum lub tsev hauv cov qauv ntawm cov ntsiab lus them, cov xob laim uas xav tau thiab kev tiv thaiv kom haum tau raug xaiv raws li qhov chaw xaiv chaw xaiv. Daim ntawv thov ntawm lub teeb tsom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob cheeb tsam (LPZ) lub tswv yim raws li IEC 62305-4: 2006 qhia ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov tsim qauv ntawm lub teeb ntawm xob laim thiab ntes cov neeg raug ntes.

Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev tiv thaiv ntawm kev sib txuas lus sib txuas lus yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov thawv ntsa thiab cov chaw them nyiaj. Qhov kev sib txuam tseem ceeb no yuav tsum tsis yog tsuas yog txiav txim siab vim yog kev pom zoo ntawm IEC 60364-4-44, raws li nws sawv cev txuas ntawm lub tsheb, lub chaw them nyiaj thiab lub zog hluav taws xob. Ntawm no ib yam nkaus thiab, kev tiv thaiv modules sawb rau daim ntawv thov kom ntseeg tau cov lag luam txhim khu kev qha thiab zoo ntawm hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws xob.

Muaj kev tiv thaiv kom mus nyob taus zoo hauv cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv qog

Txog kev them nqi hluav taws xob kom zoo thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb, kev qhia tshwj xeeb tau piav qhia ntxiv nyob rau hauv Txoj Cai Kev Kub Ntxhov Qib rau qhov kev teeb tsa rau lub hom phiaj ntawd: ITC-BT 52. Qhov kev qhia no hais txog qhov tsim nyog kom muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb hauv kev hloov chaw thiab kev tiv thaiv mus tas li. LSP muaj kev daws teeb meem rau kev ua raws cov qauv no.

Txawm hais tias tam sim no tsawg dua 1% ntawm Spanish kev lag luam kev lag luam yog kev ruaj khov, nws tau kwv yees tias nyob rau hauv 2050 yuav muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm 24 lab tsheb fais fab thiab hauv kaum xyoo 'lub sijhawm yuav nce ntxiv rau 2,4 lab.

Txoj kev hloov no hauv tus naj npawb ntawm tsheb khiav qeeb qeeb ntawm kev hloov huab cua. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev hloov pauv no tseem cuam tshuam kev hloov kho ntawm cov qauv txheej txheem uas yuav muab cov cuab yeej technology tshiab huv no.

Kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam overvoltages nyob rau hauv them nyiaj ntawm hluav taws xob tsheb

Kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsheb yog qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam thev naus laus zis

Qhov kev lav phib no yuav tsum ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, lav lub tsheb thiab hluav taws xob kev txuag hluav taws xob, nrog txhua yam khoom siv tiv thaiv xav tau, suav nrog cov cuam tshuam nrog overvoltages.

Hauv qhov no, kev them nyiaj rau lub tsheb tsim hluav taws xob yuav tsum ua raws li ITC-BT 52 tiv thaiv txhua lub xov tooj cua tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv thiab kev tiv thaiv mus tas li uas tuaj yeem ua kom lub tsheb puas thaum lub sijhawm thauj khoom.

Txoj cai no tau tshaj tawm los ntawm txoj cai lij choj hauv Spanish Daim Ntawv Tshaj Tawm (Tiag tiag Decreto 1053/2014, BOE), nyob rau hauv uas ib qho Kev Qhia Tshiab Sib Tw ITC-BT 52 tau pom zoo: «Cov Khoom Siv rau lub hom phiaj ntsig txog. Lub hauv paus rau kev them lub tsheb hluav taws xob ».

Kev Qhia ITC-BT 52 ntawm Kev Siv Hluav Taws Xob Uas Tsis Muaj Hluav Taws Kub

Cov lus qhia no yuav tsum muaj cov chaw tshiab rau cov khoom siv ntawm cov chaw them nqi hluav taws xob thiab cov kev hloov kho ntawm cov chaw uas twb muaj lawm uas tau los ntawm lub tuam txhab hluav taws xob faib hluav taws xob mus rau cov chaw hauv qab no:

1. Hauv cov tsev tshiab lossis cov chaw nres tsheb yuav tsum muaj cov chaw hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb rau kev them nqi ntawm cov hluav taws xob tsheb, tua raws li txoj cai tau tsim hauv qhov chaw xa ITC-BT 52:
2. a) nyob rau hauv chaw nres tsheb ntawm cov tuam tsev nrog cov kab rov tav ntawm tsoomfwv ib qhov kev sib txuas loj yuav tsum tau khiav los ntawm cov chaw hauv zej zog (dhau los ntawm txoj kab leeg, raws, kab, thiab lwm yam) kom nws tuaj yeem muaj cov ceg txuas nrog lub chaw them nyiaj nyob hauv qhov chaw nres tsheb. , raws li nws tau piav tseg hauv Tshooj 3.2 ntawm ITC-BT 52.
3. b) hauv cov chaw nres tsheb ntiag tug hauv kev koom tes, cov lag luam lossis cov chaw ua haujlwm, rau cov neeg ua haujlwm lossis cov koom haum, lossis cov chaw nres tsheb hauv zos, cov chaw tsim nyog yuav tsum xa ib lub chaw them nqi rau txhua 40 qhov chaw nres tsheb.
4. c) hauv cov chaw nres tsheb pej xeem tas mus li, cov chaw tsim nyog los muab lub chaw nres tsheb rau txhua lub rooj zaum 40 yuav tau lav.

Nws tau txiav txim siab tias lub tsev lossis chaw nres tsheb tau tsim tshiab thaum qhov kev tsim kho raug nthuav tawm rau Lub Chaw Tswj Xyuas Kev Tshawb Fawb kom sib haum rau nws ua tiav rau hnub tim tom qab nkag mus ntawm Royal Txoj Cai 1053/2014.

Cov tuam tsev lossis cov chaw nres tsheb ua ntej tshaj tawm hauv tsab cai lij choj tau muaj sij hawm peb xyoos los hloov kho txoj kev cai tshiab.

2. Nyob hauv txoj kev, cov chaw tsim nyog yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab los muab cov khoom siv rau cov chaw nres tsheb them nqi nyob hauv qhov chaw mus rau cov tsheb hluav taws xob uas npaj rau hauv cheeb tsam lossis hauv zej zog Cov Kev Npaj Yuav Nyab Xeeb.

Dab tsi yog cov phiaj xwm ua tau rau kev teeb tsa ntawm cov ntsiab lus them nqi?

Lub teeb tsa kev teeb tsa rau kev them nyiaj ntawm lub tsheb hluav taws xob uas tau npaj rau hauv kev qhia yog cov hauv qab no:

Cov kab ke lossis cov ceg uas muaj lub luag haujlwm hauv lub hauv paus ntawm kev teeb tsa.

Cov phiaj xwm ib qho nrog cov txee sib txuam rau lub tsev thiab chaw them nqi.

Cov phiaj xwm nrog tus txee rau txhua lub chaw them nyiaj.

Lub phiaj xwm nrog rau Circuit Court lossis Circuit Court ntxiv rau them cov tsheb fais.

Surge tiv thaiv pab kiag rau ITC-BT 52

Txhua lub circuits yuav tsum tiv thaiv tawm tsam ib ntus (mus tas li) thiab zaus overvoltages.

Cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv yuav tsum tau nruab rau qhov sib thooj ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm qhov chaw, lossis hauv pawg thawj coj loj.

Thaum Lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2017, Cov Lus Qhia ntawm Kev Thov ntawm ITC-BT 52 tau luam tawm, qhov twg pom zoo rau hauv qab no:

- Txhawm rau nruab ib hom 1 ntu kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv sab saum toj ntawm lub txee loj lossis tom ntej ntawm lub pob hluav taws xob loj, nyob ntawm qhov nkag ntawm qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov txee.

- Thaum qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb them thiab lub tshuab hloov tiv thaiv hluav taws xob nyob hauv qhov chaw nyob sab saum toj yog ntau dua los yog sib npaug li 10 metres, nws raug nquahu kom txhim kho lub tshuab ntxiv tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv, hom 2, ib sab ntawm lub chaw nres tsheb them lossis sab hauv.

Kev daws teeb meem tawm tsam kev hloov pauv ib ncua zuj zus

Hauv LSP peb muaj txoj cai daws rau kev tiv thaiv zoo nyob mus ib txhis:

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv hom 1 hloov pauv overvoltages, LSP muaj FLP25 series. Lub ntsiab no muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo tiv thaiv kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kav hluav taws xob rau ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thaum nkag ntawm lub tsev, suav nrog cov uas tsim tawm los ntawm cov hluav taws xob xa hluav taws xob ncaj qha.

Nws yog hom 1 thiab 2 tus tiv thaiv raws li tus qauv IEC / EN 61643-11. Nws cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb yog:

• Txhim kho tam sim no rau ib tus ncej (ceg tawv) ntawm 25 kA thiab qib tiv thaiv ntawm 1,5 kV.
• Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov khoom siv roj rho tawm.
• Nws muaj cov cim qhia rau lub xeev ntawm kev tiv thaiv.

Rau kev tiv thaiv tawm tsam hom 2 hloov overvoltages thiab overvoltages mus tas li, LSP pom zoo rau SLP40 series.

Pov thaiv koj lub tsheb hluav taws xob

Lub tsheb hluav taws xob tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov hluav taws xob tsis txaus ntawm 2.500V. Thaum hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, qhov hluav taws xob uas kis tau rau hauv lub tsheb muaj peev xwm tshaj 20 zaug siab dua qhov hluav taws xob nws tuaj yeem tiv taus, ua rau tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam hauv txhua qhov system (tus tswj hwm, txee, kev sib txuas lus, tsheb), txawm tias muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub nqaj tshwm sim ntawm qee qhov deb.

LSP tso rau ntawm koj pov tseg cov khoom tsim nyog los tiv thaiv cov ntsiab lus them tawm tsam kev hloov pauv thiab mus ntev, kom ntseeg tau tias kev txuag lub tsheb. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub koj txaus siab xav tau kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv overvoltages, koj tuaj yeem cia siab rau kev pab ntawm peb cov kws tshaj lij cov neeg ua haujlwm hauv qhov teeb meem no.

Ntsiab lus

Cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb tsis tuaj yeem muaj peev xwm suav nrog qhov kev daws teeb meem thoob ntiaj teb - ib yam li Swiss riam riam tsis tuaj yeem hloov lub cuab yeej zoo tau teev. Qhov no kuj siv rau qhov chaw ib puag ncig ntawm EV them chaw nres tsheb thiab hluav taws xob tsheb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog txij li cov ntsuas tsim nyog, kev tswj hwm thiab cov cai tswj hwm yuav tsum tau suav nrog kev tiv thaiv kev daws teeb meem. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb ob leeg yuav tsum muaj cov cuab yeej tsim nyog thiab ua qhov kev xaiv zoo nyob ntawm cov xwm txheej. Yog tias koj coj qhov no mus rau hauv kev txiav txim siab, koj yuav pom qhov chaw lag luam muaj kev cia siab rau hauv kev xaib hluav taws xob - thiab tus khub tsim nyog hauv LSP.

Electromobility yog cov ncauj lus kub ntawm lub sijhawm tam sim no thiab rau yav tom ntej. Nws txoj kev txhim kho txuas ntxiv yog nyob ntawm qhov kev tsim kho lub sijhawm tsim nyog ntawm lub network them chaw nres tsheb uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab tsis yuam kev hauv kev ua haujlwm. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev siv LSP SPDs raug teeb tsa nyob rau hauv ob qho tib si ntawm lub zog xa hluav taws xob thiab kuaj kab uas lawv tiv thaiv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm lub chaw txuas hluav taws xob.

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tiv thaiv
Overvoltages tuaj yeem raug rub-nyob rau hauv lub chaw nres tsheb them nqi thev naus laus zis nyob rau hauv ntau txoj kev ntawm cov khoom xa hluav taws xob. Cov teeb meem vim yog overvoltages tuaj txog los ntawm cov xa khoom xa tuaj yeem tuaj yeem ntseeg tau tsawg kawg nkaus los ntawm kev siv LSP siab ua tiav cov nplaim hluav taws xob tam sim no cov neeg raug ntes thiab SPD ntawm FLP koob.

Kev tiv thaiv ntawm ntsuas ntsuas thiab tswj ntsuas
Yog tias peb xav kom ua haujlwm ntawm cov qauv saum toj no kom zoo, peb yuav tsum tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob hloov lossis tshem tawm cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob hauv tswj lossis cov ntaub ntawv ncig. Cov hais los saum toj no cov ntaub ntawv kev noj nyiaj txiag tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm overvoltages.

Txog LSP
LSP yog lub hauv paus hauv thev naus laus zis hauv AC&DC kev tiv thaiv cov khoom tiv thaiv hluav taws xob (SPDs). Lub tuam txhab tau nce zuj zus txij li qhov pib xyoo 2010. Nrog ntau tshaj 25 tus neeg ua haujlwm, nws tus kheej cov chaw soj ntsuam, LSP cov khoom lag luam zoo, kev ntseeg tau thiab tsim kho tshiab tau lees tias. Feem ntau ntawm cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kev phom sij yog kuaj thiab ntawv pov thawj ntawm tus kheej raws li cov qauv thoob ntiaj teb (Hom 1 mus rau 3) raws li IEC thiab EN. Cov neeg siv khoom lag luam los ntawm ntau qhov kev lag luam, suav nrog lub tsev / kev tsim vaj tsev, kev sib txuas lus, lub zog (photovoltaic, cua, lub zog tsim hluav taws xob feem ntau thiab lub zog cia), e-mobility thiab kev tsheb nqaj hlau. Muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv nyob rau ntawm https://www.LSP-international.com.com.