Zitsanzo zazida zoteteza pulogalamu ya SPD mu machitidwe a 230-400 V, Migwirizano ndi Matanthauzidwe

Zitsanzo zazida zoteteza pulogalamu ya SPD mu machitidwe a 230-400 V, Migwirizano ndi Matanthauzidwe

Kuteteza mphezi kwa EMC - lingaliro la zone malinga ndi IEC 62305-4: 2010

Malo Otetezera Mphezi (LPZ)

Zigawo zakunja:
LPZ 0: Malo omwe chiwopsezo chimachitika chifukwa cha gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi lopanda mphamvu komanso komwe makina amkati amatha kuyang'aniridwa ndi mphezi.

LPZ 0 yagawika mu:
LPZ 0A: Malo omwe chiwopsezo chimachitika chifukwa cha kung'anima kwa mphezi komanso gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi. Makina amkati amatha kuyang'aniridwa ndi mphezi.
LPZ 0B: Malo otetezedwa ku kung'anima kwa mphezi koma komwe kuli chiwopsezo ndi gawo lamagetsi lamagetsi. Makina amkati amatha kukhala ndi mafunde owala pang'ono.

Zigawo zamkati (zotetezedwa ku mphezi zowunikira):
LPZ 1: Malo omwe mafunde akutali ndi ochepa pakugawana nawo pakadali pano komanso kupatula maulalo ndi / kapena ma SPD pamalire. Kutetezedwa kwa malo kumachepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi.
LPZ 2… n: Malo omwe mafunde akuchulukirachulukira atha kuchepetsedwa ndikugawana pano
ndi kupatula malo olumikizirana ndi / kapena ndi ma SPD ena pamalire. Kuteteza kwina kwa malo kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kupititsa patsogolo mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi.

Malemba ndi Mafotokozedwe

Zipangizo zowonjezera (SPDs)

Zipangizo zodzitchinjiriza makamaka zimakhala ndi ma resistor odalira magetsi (varistors, suppressor diode) ndi / kapena kutulutsa mipata (kutulutsa njira). Zipangizo zowonjezerapo zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza zida zina zamagetsi ndi kuyika motsutsana ndi ma surges apamwamba komanso / kapena kukhazikitsa kulumikizana kwamaphunziro. Zipangizo zotetezera zimagawidwa m'magulu:

a) malingana ndi momwe amagwiritsira ntchito:

• Zida zotetezera zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi zida zamagetsi zamagetsi mpaka 1000 V

- malinga ndi EN 61643-11: 2012 mu mtundu 1/2/3 SPDs
- malinga ndi IEC 61643-11: 2011 mkalasi I / II / III SPDs
Banja lazogulitsa LSP ku EN 61643-11: 2012 yatsopano ndi IEC 61643-11: 2011 muyezo udzamalizidwa mchaka cha 2014.

• Pitirizani kuteteza zida zokhazikitsira ukadaulo wazidziwitso ndi zida
  poteteza zida zamakono zamagetsi pama foni ndi ma signature maukadaulo omwe ali ndi voltages mpaka 1000 Vac (mtengo wogwira) ndi 1500 Vdc motsutsana ndi kuwonongeka kwamphezi ndi zina zaposachedwa.

- malinga ndi IEC 61643-21: 2009 ndi EN 61643-21: 2010.

• Kupatula mipata yamphamvu yothanirana ndi dziko lapansi kapena kulumikizana kwamphamvu
  Pitirizani kugwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitetezera kuti mugwiritse ntchito pamakina a photovoltaic
  kwa ma voliyumu amadzina mpaka 1500 Vdc

- malinga ndi EN 61643-31: 2019 (EN 50539-11: 2013 idzalowedwa m'malo), IEC 61643-31: 2018 kukhala mtundu 1 + 2, mtundu 2 (Class I + II, Class II) SPDs

b) kutengera kuthekera kwawo pakutha kwakanthawi komanso zoteteza ku:

• Omanga pakadali pano amagetsi / ma umeme omwe ali mgululi pano kuti ateteze makhazikitsidwe ndi zida kuti zisasokonezeke chifukwa cha kuwomba kwamphamvu kwa mphezi (komwe kumayikidwa m'malire a LPZ 0A ndi 1).
• Akukonda omanga poteteza makhazikitsidwe, zida, ndi zida zothetsera mafunde atawomba kutali, kusintha mafunde komanso kutulutsa kwamagetsi (komwe kumayikidwa kumalire akumunsi kwa LPZ 0B).
• Ophatikiza ophatikizira poteteza makhazikitsidwe, zida, ndi zida zakutha motsutsana ndi kusokonezedwa chifukwa cha kuwomba kwa mphezi kapena kwapafupi (komwe kumayikidwa m'malire a LPZ 0A ndi 1 komanso 0A ndi 2).

Zambiri zaukadaulo za zida zoteteza

Zambiri pazida zodzitetezera zimaphatikizira zambiri momwe angagwiritsire ntchito malingana ndi:

• Ntchito (mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsa, mains, kutentha)
• Magwiridwe antchito ngati zingasokonezeke (mwachitsanzo, kutulutsa mphamvu pakali pano, tsatirani kuzimitsa kwamphamvu, mulingo wachitetezo chamagetsi, nthawi yoyankha)
• Magwiridwe antchito panthawi ya opareshoni (mwachitsanzo, kutsekeka pakanthawi, kutchinjiriza, kutchinjiriza)
• Magwiridwe ngati atalephera (mwachitsanzo fyuzi yosungira, cholumikizira, kulephera, njira yosonyeza kwakutali)

Mwadzina voteji UN
Voliyumu yamagetsi imayimira ma voliyumu amtundu wa makina kuti atetezedwe. Mtengo wamagetsi amtunduwu nthawi zambiri umakhala ngati mtundu wazida zodzitchinjiriza pazida zaukadaulo wazidziwitso. Zimasonyezedwa ngati mtengo wa rms kwa machitidwe a ac.

Zolemba malire mosalekeza opaleshoni voteji UC
Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yopitilira muyeso (mphamvu yamagetsi yovomerezeka yovomerezeka) ndiye kufunika kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yomwe ingagwirizane ndi zotumphukira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poteteza. Awa ndiye mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri yomwe imagwira omwe akumangidwa mdziko lomwe sakuyendetsa, lomwe limabwezeretsa womangayo kubwerera kudziko lino atapunthwa ndikutulutsa. Mtengo wa UC umatengera mphamvu zamagetsi zadongosolo lomwe liyenera kutetezedwa ndikufotokozera kwa okhazikitsa (IEC 60364-5-534).

Dzina lokhazikika pakali pano
Zomwe zimatulutsa pakali pano ndizopindulitsa kwambiri za 8/20 μs zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chida chotetezera chiwerengedwe mu pulogalamu inayake yoyeserera komanso chomwe chida chotetezera chimatha kutulutsa kangapo.

Zolemba malire kumaliseche Imax
Kutulutsa kwakukulu pakadali pano ndizokwera kwambiri kwa ma 8/20 μs pakulimbikitsa komwe chipangizocho chimatha kutulutsa bwino.

Mphezi zimakopa kwambiri Iimp
Mphezi yomwe imakhudzidwa pano ndi yokhazikika pakapangidwe kazomwe zili ndi mawonekedwe a 10/350 μs. Magawo ake (mtengo wapamwamba, kulipiritsa, mphamvu inayake) amatsanzira katundu woyambitsidwa ndi mphezi zachilengedwe. Mphezi zaposachedwa komanso zophatikizika zophatikizika ziyenera kukhala zotheka kutulutsa mphezi ngati izi popanda kuwonongedwa.

Kuchuluka kwathunthu kwamtundu wa Itotal
Zamakono zomwe zimadutsa mu PE, PEN kapena kulumikizana kwapadziko lapansi kwa ma SPD angapo pakamayesedwe kathunthu pakadali pano. Kuyesaku kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa kuchuluka kwathunthu ngati pakadali pano ikuyenda munthawi zingapo zodzitetezera za SPD yamagulu angapo. Chizindikiro ichi ndichofunikira kwambiri pakutha kwathunthu komwe kumayendetsedwa molondola ndi kuchuluka kwa njira za SPD.

Mulingo wachitetezo cha Voltage UP
Mulingo wachitetezo cha ma voliyumu azida zotetezera ndikumagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yama voliyumu pafupipafupi pazida zotetezera, zotsimikizika kuchokera kumayeso oyenerera a munthu aliyense:
- Mphezi yotulutsa mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi 1.2 / 50 μs (100%)
- Sparkover voltage ndi kuchuluka kwakukwera kwa 1kV / μs
- Anayesa malire amagetsi pamatchulidwe aposachedwa a In
Mulingo wachitetezo chamagetsi umadziwika ndi chida choteteza choteteza kuti muchepetse milingo yotsalira. Mulingo wachitetezo chamagetsi umatanthauzira komwe kuli malo okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi malinga ndi IEC 60664-1 yamagetsi. Kuti zida zodzitetezera zigwiritsidwe ntchito muukadaulo wazidziwitso, mulingo wachitetezo chamagetsi uyenera kusinthidwa kuti ukhale chitetezo cha zida zomwe ziyenera kutetezedwa (IEC 61000-4-5: 2001).

Kutulutsa kwakanthawi kochepa ISCCR
Kutalika kwaposachedwa kwambiri kwakanthawi kogwiritsa ntchito magetsi komwe SPD, mu
cholumikizira ndi cholumikizira chomwe chatchulidwa, chidavoteredwa

Kupirira kwakanthawi kochepa kumatha
Kutha kwakanthawi kochepa ndikofunika kwa oyembekezera pafupipafupi omwe amayendetsedwa ndi chida chotetezera pomwe fyuzi yolumikizira yolumikizira yolumikizidwa kumtunda.

Kuyeza kwakanthawi kochepa ISCPV ya SPD mumachitidwe a photovoltaic (PV)
Maulendo afupipafupi osasunthika omwe SPD, yokha kapena molumikizana ndi zida zake zolumikizira, imatha kupirira.

Kutentha kwakanthawi (TOV)
Kutulutsa kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kanthawi kochepa kumatha kupezeka pazida zotetezera kwakanthawi kochepa chifukwa cha vuto lamphamvu yamagetsi. Izi zikuyenera kusiyanitsidwa bwino ndi zakanthawi kochepa zomwe zimachitika chifukwa cha kuwomba kwa mphezi kapena kusintha kosintha, komwe sikukhala pafupifupi 1 ms. Matalikidwe a UT komanso kutalika kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kotereku zafotokozedwa mu EN 61643-11 (200 ms, 5 s kapena 120 min.) Ndipo amayesedwa payekhapayekha kwa ma SPD oyenera malinga ndi dongosolo (TN, TT, etc.). SPD itha a) kulephera moyenera (chitetezo cha TOV) kapena b) kukhala yosagwira TOV (TOV kuyimilira), kutanthauza kuti imagwira ntchito nthawi zonse ndikutsatira
kuphulika kwakanthawi.

Mwadzina katundu wamakono (mwadzina pano) IL
Zomwe zilipo pakali pano ndizovomerezeka kwambiri pakadali pano zomwe zimatha kuyenda mpaka kumapeto.

Woteteza wotsogolera IPE wapano
Makina otetezera pano ndi omwe amayenda kudzera mu kulumikizana kwa PE pomwe chida chotetezera chikalumikizidwa ndi mautumiki opitilira muyeso a UC, malinga ndi malangizo oyikitsira komanso osagwiritsa ntchito katundu.

Mbali yamafupa yotetezera / kugwirizira fuseti yosungira
Chida chotetezera chapamwamba (mwachitsanzo fyuzi kapena chosokoneza dera) chomwe chili kunja kwa womangayo mbali yomwe infeed kuti isokoneze kuchuluka kwa mphamvu pakutsatira mphamvu posachedwa pomwe chida chotetezera chikadutsa. Palibe fuseti yowonjezera yowonjezera yomwe ikufunika popeza fuse ya backup idalumikizidwa kale mu SPD (onani gawo loyenera).

Kutentha kotentha kwa TU
Kutentha kwa magwiridwe antchito kumawonetsera mtundu womwe zida zingagwiritsidwe ntchito. Kwa zida zopanda kudziletsa, zimakhala zofanana ndi kutentha kwapakati. Kutentha kwazida zodziyimira panokha sikuyenera kupitirira kuchuluka komwe kukuwonetsedwa.

Nthawi yoyankha tA
Nthawi zoyankhira makamaka zimawonetsa kuyankha kwamachitidwe azinthu zodzitchinjiriza zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pomangidwa. Kutengera kuchuluka kwa kukwera kwa du / dt kwamphamvu yamagetsi kapena di / dt yazomwe mukukakamiza, nthawi zoyankhira zimatha kusiyanasiyana pamalire ena.

Wosokoneza kutentha
Zida zotetezera zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi z'amadoliro Cholumikizira chimayankha "kutentha komwe kulipo" komwe kumadzaza ndi varistor yodzaza ndi kutulutsa chida choteteza ku mains ngati kutentha kwapitilira. Cholumikizira chidapangidwa kuti chisiye chida chodzitetezera chodzaza ndi nthawi munthawi yopewa moto. Sikuti cholinga chake ndikuteteza chitetezo cha anthu osakumana nawo mwachindunji. Ntchito ya ma disconnectors otenthawa amatha kuyesedwa pogwiritsa ntchito zochulukitsa / ukalamba wa omanga.

Kusonyeza kwakutali kwakutali
Kulumikizana kwakutali kumalola kuwunikira kosavuta kwakutali ndikuwonetsa momwe ntchito ikugwiritsidwira ntchito. Imakhala ndi malo okhala ndi mitengo itatu ngati cholumikizira choyandama. Kulumikizaku kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati nthawi yopumira komanso / kapena kulumikizana ndipo itha kuphatikizidwa mosavuta mu makina owongolera nyumba, woyang'anira switchgear kabati, ndi zina zambiri.

Kumangidwa kwa N-PE
Zipangizo zodzitchinjiriza zopangidwira kukhazikitsa pakati pa woyendetsa N ndi PE.

Kuphatikiza funde
Mafunde osakanikirana amapangidwa ndi jenereta wosakanizidwa (1.2 / 50 μs, 8/20 μs) wokhala ndi mphekesera yopeka ya 2 Ω. Mphamvu yamagetsi yotseguka ya jenereta iyi amatchedwa UOC. UOC ndiye chisonyezero chosankhika cha omangidwa amtundu wa 3 popeza omangidwa okhawo ndi omwe angayesedwe ndi mafunde osakanikirana (malinga ndi EN 61643-11).

Degree of chitetezo
Kutetezedwa kwa IP kumagwirizana ndi magulu achitetezo omwe afotokozedwa mu IEC 60529.

Mafupipafupi
Mawonekedwe amtunduwu amayimira kuchuluka kwa kufalikira kapena kudula pafupipafupi kwa womangidwa kutengera mawonekedwe omwe afotokozedwa.

Dera loteteza
Maseketi oteteza amakhala ndi magawo angapo, zida zoteteza zotsekedwa. Magawo otetezera payekha atha kukhala ndi mipata ya spark, varistors, semiconductor element ndi ma chubu otulutsa mpweya.

Kubweza kutaya
Pogwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi, kutaya kubwerera kumatanthawuza magawo angati a "funde" lotsogola lomwe limawonetsedwa pachida chotetezera (surge point). Izi ndizomwe zimafotokozera momwe chida chodzitetezera chimagwirizanira ndi mawonekedwe amachitidwe.

Yachokera ku INTERNATIONAL STANDARD Zida zotetezera za IEC 61643-11-2011 - Part 11 Zipangizo zodzitchinjiriza zolumikizidwa pamagetsi amagetsi otsika - Zofunikira ndi njira zoyesera [Edition 1.0 2011-03]

Migwirizano, matanthauzidwe ndi chidule

3.1 Migwirizano ndi matanthauzidwe
3.1.1
kugwiritsa ntchito chipangizo choteteza SPD
chipangizo chomwe chili ndi chinthu chimodzi chosasunthika chomwe chimapangidwa kuti chichepetse kuchuluka kwa mafunde
ndikusintha mafunde oyenda
Dziwani: SPD ndi msonkhano wathunthu, wokhala ndi njira zolumikizira zoyenera.

3.1.2
doko limodzi SPD
SPD yopanda zovuta zamagulu zomwe zikufuna
Dziwani: Doko limodzi la SPD likhoza kukhala ndi zolumikizira zosiyana ndi zotulutsa.

3.1.3
ma SPD awiri
SPD yokhala ndimitundumitundu yotsimikizika yolumikizidwa pakati polumikizana ndi kulowetsa kophatikizira

3.1.4
mtundu wosinthira magetsi SPD
SPD yomwe imakhala ndi vuto lalikulu ngati palibe opaleshoni, koma imatha kusintha mwadzidzidzi pamitengo yotsika mtengo poyankha kukwera kwamagetsi
Dziwani: Zitsanzo wamba za zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pakusintha kwamagetsi ma SPD ndizosowa, ma chubu amafuta ndi ma thyristors. Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa "mtundu wa crowbar".

3.1.5
Kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi mtundu wa SPD
SPD yomwe imakhala ndi vuto lalikulu ngati palibe opaleshoni, koma imachepetsa mosalekeza ndi
kuchuluka kwamphamvu kwamakono ndi magetsi
Dziwani: Zitsanzo zodziwika bwino zamagawo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi ochepetsa mphamvu ma SPD ndi ma varistor ndi ma diode owonongeka. Izi nthawi zina zimatchedwa "mtundu wa clamping".

3.1.6
kuphatikiza mitundu SPD
SPD yomwe imaphatikizira zonse ziwiri, magetsi osinthira magetsi ndi zida zochepetsera magetsi.
SPD itha kuwonetsa kusintha kwamagetsi, kuchepetsa kapena zonse ziwiri

3.1.7
mtundu wozungulira wa SPD
SPD idayesedwa kutengera mayeso a Class II omwe amasintha mawonekedwe ake kukhala ofupikitsa amkati mwachangu chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwaposachedwa kopitilira momwe amatchulira pano

3.1.8
chitetezo cha SPD
njira yomwe ikufunidwa pakadali pano, pakati pa malo omwe mumakhala zoteteza, mwachitsanzo mzere wa mafuta, mzere wapadziko lapansi, kulowerera ndale, kusalowerera ndale.

3.1.9
kutulutsa mwadzina kwamakono pakayeso kalasi II Mu
Mtengo wapano wapano kudzera mu SPD wokhala ndi mawonekedwe aposachedwa a 8/20

3.1.10
kukopa kwachangu pakalasi ndimayesa Iimp
Mtengo wamtundu wamtundu wotulutsidwa kudzera mu SPD ndikusinthira ndalama Q ndi mphamvu ya W / R munthawi yake

3.1.11
Kuthamanga kwakukulu kosalekeza kwa UC
Ma rms voltage ambiri, omwe atha kugwiritsidwa ntchito mosateteza ku SPD
Dziwani: Mtengo wa UC wokhazikika pamiyeso iyi ukhoza kupitilira 1 000 V.

3.1.12
tsatirani pano Ngati
pachimake chamakono choperekedwa ndi dongosolo lamagetsi lamagetsi ndikudutsa mu SPD mutatha kutulutsa zomwe mukufuna

3.1.13
adavotera katundu pakali pano IL
Kutalika kwaposachedwa kwa ma rms apano komwe kungaperekedwe kuzinthu zotsutsana zolumikizidwa
zotetezedwa za SPD

3.1.14
mlingo wotetezera magetsi UP
Kuthamanga kwakukulu komwe kumayembekezereka kumapeto kwa SPD chifukwa chazovuta zomwe zimafalikira pamagetsi komanso kupsinjika kwamphamvu ndi kutulutsidwa kwamakono komwe kwapatsidwa matalikidwe ndi mawonekedwe
Dziwani: Mulingo wachitetezo chamagetsi umaperekedwa ndi wopanga ndipo sangapitirire ndi:
- voliyumu yocheperako, yotsimikizika poyambira kutuluka kwa mafunde (ngati kuli kotheka) ndi voliyumu yocheperako, yotsimikizika kuchokera pamiyeso yotsalira yama voliyumu yolumikizana ndi In ndi / kapena Iimp motsatana kwa mayeso a II ndi / kapena I;
- voliyumu yocheperako ku UOC, yotsimikizika pakuphatikizira kwa mayeso kalasi yachitatu.

3.1.15
anayeza kuchepetsa mphamvu
Mpweya wabwino kwambiri womwe umayesedwa pamapeto a SPD mukamagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe amawu ndi matalikidwe

3.1.16
yotsalira voteji Ures
mphamvu yamphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imawonekera pakati pama terminals a SPD chifukwa chakutha kwakanthawi

3.1.17
kuyerekezera kwakanthawi kwakubweza kwa UT
magetsi oyesa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito ku SPD kwakanthawi kochepa tT, kuti athetse kupsinjika pamikhalidwe ya TOV

3.1.18
Kukwera kwamitengo yolimba kumayimilira kuthekera kwa SPD yamadoko awiri
kuthekera kwa SPD yamadoko awiri kuthana ndi ma surges kumapeto kwa zotulutsa zochokera kumayendedwe akumunsi kwa SPD

3.1.19
kuchuluka kwamagetsi okwera ma doko awiri SPD
kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwamagetsi ndi nthawi yomwe imayesedwa pamapeto a doko la SPD iwiri poyesedwa

3.1.20
Kutengeka kwamagetsi 1,2 / 50
kuthamanga kwamphamvu ndi nthawi yapambuyo pake ya 1,2 μs ndi nthawi yodziwika kuti theka la mtengo wa 50 μs
Dziwani: Gawo 6 la IEC 60060-1 (1989) limatanthauzira matanthauzidwe amagetsi am'mbuyo, nthawi mpaka theka ndi kulolerana kwa mawonekedwe.

3.1.21
8/20 chidwi chamakono
chikhumbo chamakono chokhala ndi nthawi yapambuyo ya ma 8 μs ndi nthawi yanthawi yokwanira theka la 20 μs
Dziwani: Gawo 8 la IEC 60060-1 (1989) limatanthauzira matanthauzidwe amakono a nthawi yakutsogolo, nthawi mpaka theka-mtengo ndi kulolerana kwa mawonekedwe.

3.1.22
kuphatikiza funde
funde lodziwika bwino la matalikidwe amtundu wa voliyumu (UOC) ndi mawonekedwe amawu pamavuto otseguka komanso matalikidwe amakono (ICW) ndi mawonekedwe amawu munthawi yochepa
Dziwani: Matalikidwe amagetsi, matalikidwe amakono ndi mawonekedwe amawu omwe amaperekedwa ku SPD amatsimikiziridwa ndi kuphatikiza kwa mafunde (CWG) Zf ndi kutayika kwa DUT.
3.1.23
lotseguka dera lamagetsi UOC
kutsegula ma voliyumu oyendetsa magetsi ophatikizira osakanikirana pomwe chida chimayesedwa

3.1.24
kuphatikiza jenereta yamagetsi yamaulendo aposachedwa a ICW
oyembekezera kwakanthawi kwakanthawi kogwiritsa ntchito mafunde ophatikizira, pomwe kulumikizidwa kwa chipangizocho kumayesedwa
Dziwani: SPD ikalumikizidwa ndi jenereta yophatikizira, zomwe zimadutsa chipangizochi nthawi zambiri zimakhala zochepa kuposa ICW.

3.1.25
bata bata
SPD imakhala yosasunthika kwambiri ngati, itatha kutentha panthawi yoyeserera ntchito, kutentha kwake kumachepa ndi nthawi kwinaku ikulimbikitsidwa pamagetsi otsogola opitilira muyeso komanso munthawi yozungulira yozungulira

3.1.26
chiwonongeko (cha magwiridwe)
kuchoka koyenera kosagwiritsidwe ntchito kwa zida kapena kachitidwe kachitidwe kake

3.1.27
kuyerekezera kwakanthawi kochepa ISCCR
Kutalika kwaposachedwa kwambiri kwakanthawi kogwiritsa ntchito magetsi komwe SPD, molumikizana ndi cholumikizira chomwe chatchulidwa, idavotera Copyright International Electrotechnical Commission

3.1.28
Cholumikizira cha SPD (chosalumikiza)
chipangizo chodula SPD, kapena gawo la SPD, kuchokera ku magetsi
Dziwani: Chida ichi chodula sikofunikira kuti chikhale ndi kuthekera kopatula poteteza. Ndikuteteza vuto lomwe likupitilira ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwonetsa kulephera kwa SPD. Ma disconnectors amatha kukhala amkati (omangidwa mkati) kapena akunja (ofunikira wopanga). Pakhoza kukhala ntchito zophatikizira zingapo, mwachitsanzo ntchito yoteteza kupitirira pano ndi ntchito yoteteza matenthedwe. Ntchitoyi itha kukhala yamagawo osiyana.

3.1.29
Kutetezedwa kwa IP yotsekedwa
gulu lomwe lidayambitsidwa ndi chizindikiro cha IP chosonyeza kuchuluka kwa chitetezo chomwe chimaperekedwa ndi malo otetezedwa kuti asatengere mbali zowopsa, motsutsana ndi kulowa kwa zinthu zakunja zolimba komanso kulowetsa madzi kolowera

3.1.30
kuyesa kwamtundu
mayeso oyeserera opangidwa pachinthu chimodzi kapena zingapo zoyimira kupanga [IEC 60050-151: 2001, 151-16-16]

3.1.31
mayeso a chizolowezi
mayeso opangidwa pa SPD iliyonse kapena pazinthu ndi zida zofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti malonda akukwaniritsa mawonekedwe [IEC 60050-151: 2001, 151-16-17, osinthidwa]

3.1.32
mayesero ovomerezeka
kuyesa kontrakiti kutsimikizira kasitomala kuti chinthucho chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zina [IEC 60050-151: 2001, 151-16-23]

3.1.33
kutsegula intaneti
dera lamagetsi lomwe limaletsa kuti mphamvu yamagetsi isafalitsidwe ku netiweki yamagetsi pakuyesa kwamphamvu kwama SPD
Dziwani: Dera lamagetsi nthawi zina limatchedwa "fyuluta yakumbuyo".

3.1.34
Maganizo oyesa kuyesa

3.1.34.1
mayeso a kalasi I
mayesero omwe adachitika ndikutulutsa komwe kumachitika pakali pano Iimp, ndi 8/20 pakadali pano yomwe ili ndi mtengo wofanana ndi mtengo wa Iimp, komanso mphamvu yamagetsi ya 1,2 / 50

3.1.34.2
mayeso achiwiri chachiwiri
mayesero omwe adachitika ndikutulutsa kwamkati mwa In, komanso mphamvu yamagetsi ya 1,2 / 50

3.1.34.3
mayeso a kalasi III
mayeso omwe adachitika ndimagetsi a 1,2 / 50 - 8/20 ophatikizira pano opangira mafunde

3.1.35
chotsalira chamakono cha RCD
kusinthana ndi chida kapena zida zina zogwirizana zomwe zingapangitse kuti magetsi azitseguka pomwe zotsalira kapena zosagwirizana pakadali pano zikupeza mtengo wopatsidwa pamikhalidwe

3.1.36
sparkover voltage yamagetsi yosintha SPD
choyambitsa magetsi a magetsi osintha SPD
Kutalika kwamphamvu kwamagetsi komwe kusintha kwadzidzidzi kuchokera kutsika mpaka kutsika pang'ono kumayambira pakusintha kwamagetsi kwa SPD

3.1.37
mphamvu yeniyeni ya kalasi yomwe ndimayesa W / R.
mphamvu yotayika ndi unit unit ya 1 Ώ ndikulakalaka kutulutsa kwaposachedwa Iimp
ZOYENERA: Izi ndizofanana ndi nthawi yolumikizana ndi bwalo lamakono (W / R = ∫ i 2d t).

3.1.38
chiyembekezero chakanthawi kochepa cha IP yamagetsi
Pakadali pano yomwe ingayende pamalo ena ake ngati ikadafupikitsidwa pamalopo ndi ulalo wonyalanyaza
ZOYENERA: Izi zomwe zikuyembekezeredwa posachedwa zikuwonetsedwa ndi kuchuluka kwake kwa ma rms.

3.1.39
tsatirani kuwonetsa kwaposachedwa Ifi
chiyembekezero chaching'ono chomwe SPD imatha kusokoneza popanda kugwiritsa ntchito cholumikizira

3.1.40
yotsalira IPE
Pakadali pano ikudutsa pa terminal ya PE ya SPD pomwe ikupatsidwa mphamvu pamagetsi oyeserera (UREF) ikalumikizidwa molingana ndi malangizo a wopanga

3.1.41
udindo chizindikiro
chipangizo chomwe chikuwonetsa magwiridwe antchito a SPD, kapena gawo la SPD.
ZOYENERA: Zizindikiro zoterezi zitha kukhala zakomweko ndizowonera komanso / kapena ma alamu omvera komanso / kapena atha kukhala ndi ma sign akutali ndi / kapena kuthekera kokumana nawo.

3.1.42
linanena bungwe kukhudzana
kulumikizana kuphatikizidwa ndi dera losiyana ndi dera lalikulu la SPD, yolumikizidwa ndi cholumikizira kapena chizindikiritso cha udindo

3.1.43
SPD zambiri
mtundu wa SPD wokhala ndi njira zopitilira imodzi zotetezera, kapena kuphatikiza ma SPD olumikizidwa ndi magetsi operekedwa ngati gawo limodzi

3.1.44
Kutulutsa kwathunthu kwamtundu wa ITotal
Zamakono zomwe zimadutsa mu PE kapena PEN conductor wa SPD wambirimbiri pakamayesedwe kathunthu pakadali pano
ZINDIKIRANI 1: Cholinga chake ndikuwunikiranso zovuta zomwe zimachitika pakakhala njira zingapo zodzitetezera pamitundu ingapo ya SPD nthawi yomweyo.
Dziwani 2: ITotal ndiyofunikira makamaka kwa ma SPD omwe amayesedwa molingana ndi mayeso a kalasi I, ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi mphezi mogwirizana ndi IEC 62305.

3.1.45
Buku mayesero voteji UREF
mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yogwiritsidwa ntchito poyesa yomwe imadalira poteteza kwa SPD, dzina lamagetsi yamagetsi, kasinthidwe kachitidwe ndi kayendedwe ka magetsi mkati mwa dongosolo
Dziwani: Voltage yoyeserera yasankhidwa kuchokera ku Zowonjezera A kutengera zomwe wopanga amapanga malinga ndi 7.1.1 b8).

3.1.46
kusintha kwaposachedwa kwamtundu wamtundu wazifupi wa SPD Itrans
8/20 mtengo wamtengo wapatali wopitilira kutulutsidwa kwapompopompo Mu, zomwe zingapangitse mtundu woperewera wa SPD kufupika

3.1.47
Voteji yofuna kutsimikizika Umax
magetsi oyesa kwambiri panthawi yamagetsi malinga ndi 8.3.3 pakudziwitsidwa

3.1.48
Kutulutsa kwakukulu ma Imax apano
Mtengo wapano wapano kudzera mu SPD wokhala ndi mawonekedwe a 8/20 komanso kukula kwake molingana
kwa opanga malingaliro. Imax ndiyofanana kapena yayikulu kuposa In

3.2 Machidule

Gulu 1 - Mndandanda wa Zidule

4 Zinthu zantchito
4.1 Zambiri
Mafupipafupi amachokera ku 47 Hz mpaka 63 Hz ac

4.2 Voteji
Mpweya wamagetsi umagwiritsidwa ntchito mosalekeza pakati pa malo opangira zida zoteteza (SPD)
sayenera kupitirira kuchuluka kwake kopitilira muyeso wamagetsi UC.

Kuthamanga kwa 4.3 ndi kutalika
Kuthamanga kwa mpweya ndi 80 kPa mpaka 106 kPa. Izi zimayimira kutalika kwa + 2 m mpaka -000 m, motsatana.

Kutentha kwa 4.4

• mtundu wabwinobwino: -5 ° C mpaka +40 ° C
  Dziwani: Maulendowa amalankhula ndi ma SPD ogwiritsira ntchito m'nyumba m'malo otetezedwa ndi nyengo osakhala ndi kutentha kapena kutentha kwa chinyezi ndipo amafanana ndi mawonekedwe azikhalidwe zakunja code AB4 mu IEC 60364-5-51.
• Zowonjezera: -40 ° C mpaka +70 ° C
  Dziwani: Magulu awa amalankhula ndi ma SPD oti azigwiritsidwa ntchito panja m'malo osatetezedwa nyengo.

Chinyezi cha 4.5

• mtundu wabwinobwino: 5% mpaka 95%
  ZOYENERA Mitunduyi imayankha ma SPD ogwiritsira ntchito m'nyumba m'malo otetezedwa ndi nyengo osakhala ndi kutentha kapena kutentha kwa chinyezi ndipo amafanana ndi zomwe zimakhudza kunja kwa code AB4 mu IEC 60364-5-51.
• Kutalikirana: 5% mpaka 100%
  Dziwani izi maadiresi a SPD oti azigwiritsidwa ntchito panja m'malo opanda nyengo.

5 Gulu
Kupanga kumayika ma SPD molingana ndi magawo otsatirawa.
5.1 Chiwerengero cha madoko
5.1.1 Mmodzi
5.1.2 Awiri
5.2 kapangidwe ka SPD
5.2.1 Kusintha kwa Voltage
5.2.2 Kuchepetsa mphamvu yamagetsi
5.2.3 Kuphatikiza
5.3 Mayeso a Class I, II ndi III
Zambiri zofunika pakuyesa kalasi I, kalasi yachiwiri ndi kalasi yachitatu zimaperekedwa Gulu 2.

Gulu 2 - Mayeso a Class I, II ndi III