Midziyo yekudzivirira mheni
Midziyo yekudzivirira mheni iri kuburikidza nemagetsi azvino nehunyanzvi hwekudzivirira kuti michina irohwe nemheni. Midziyo yekudzivirira mheni inogona kukamurwa kuve simba rekuchengetedza magetsi, sosi yekuchengetedza magetsi, kudzivirira kweantena feeder, kudzivirira kwemheni mheni, maturu ekudzivirira maturu, kuyera, uye kudzora system kudzivirira mheni, pasi padziviriro.
Zvinoenderana nedzidziso yedziviriro yemheni yepasi-nzvimbo uye dziviriro yematanho mazhinji maererano neIEC (nyika dzese electrotechnical komiti) yakajairwa, b-mwenje kuchengetedzwa kwemheni ndeyeyekutanga-chikamu chikamu chekudzivirira mheni, icho chinogona kushandiswa kune huru yekuparadzira kabati mu chivakwa; Kirasi C ndeyeyechipiri chipenga chedziviriro yemheni chishandiso, icho chinoshandiswa mune sub-redunhu rekuparadzira kabhodhi yechivakwa; Kirasi D ndeyechitatu-kirasi mheni inosunga, inoiswa kumberi kwekupedzisira kwemidziyo yakakosha yekudzivirira kwakanaka.
Overview / Midziyo yekudzivirira michina
Zera reruzivo nhasi, komputa network uye zvekushandisa zvekutaurisa zvakawedzera uye zvine hunyanzvi, nzvimbo yekushanda iri kuramba ichidzvinyirira, uye mabhanan'ana nemheni uye nekuwedzererwa kwechimbichimbi kwemidziyo mikuru yemagetsi zvichave zvichinyanya kuwanda nemagetsi, kanyanga, a redhiyo chiratidzo chekutumira uye kugamuchira michina mitsara mune zvemukati zvemagetsi zvishandiso uye netiweki michina, zvishandiso kana zvinokanganisa zvinhu, kukuvara, kuendesa kana kuchengeta iyo data yekukanganisa kana kurasikirwa, kana kutoita zvemagetsi zvigadzirwa kuti zvibudise kusashanda zvakanaka kana kumbomira, kwenguva pfupi kuoma mitezo, system data kufambisa kukanganisa, LAN uye wan. Kukuvadza kwayo kuri kurova, kurasikirwa kwakananga kunopfuura kurasikirwa kwakananga kwehupfumi mune zvese. Midziyo yekudzivirira mheni iri kuburikidza nemagetsi azvino nehunyanzvi hwekudzivirira kuti michina irohwe nemheni.
Shanduko / Mheni yekudzivirira michina
Kana vanhu vachiziva kuti kutinhira chiitiko chemagetsi, kunamata kwavo uye kutya mabhanan'ana zvinopera zvishoma nezvishoma, uye vanobva vatanga kucherechedza chinoitika chinoshamisa kubva mumaonero esainzi, netarisiro yekushandisa kana kudzora zviitiko zvemheni kubatsira vanhu. Franklin akatungamira tekinoroji makore anopfuura mazana maviri apfuura akatanga chinetso kutinhira, akagadzira tsvimbo yemheni ingangove yekutanga yezvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira mheni, muchokwadi, apo Franklin akagadzira tsvimbo yemheni ndeyekuti muromo weiyo simbi tsvimbo basa rinogona kuve rakabatanidzwa mukutinhira kwemhepo kubhadharisa-kuburitsa, kudzikisira kutinhira kwemagetsi munda pakati pegore nepasi kusvika padanho rekuparara kwemhepo, kudzivirira kuitika kwemheni, saka iyo mheni tsvimbo inofanira zvinodiwa zvinongedzwa. Asi kutsvagurudza kwakazotevera kwakaratidza kuti tsvimbo yemheni haigone kudzivirira kuitika kwemheni, tsvimbo yemheni, inogona kudzivirira mheni nekuti shongwe yakachinja nzvimbo yemagetsi yemagetsi, inogadzira huwandu hwemabhanan'ana anogara achienda kune mheni, ndiko kuti, tsvimbo yemheni iri nyore kupfuura zvimwe zvinhu zvakakomberedza kupindura kupenya kwemheni, kudzivirira tsvimbo yemheni kurohwa nemheni nezvimwe zvinhu, ndiyo mheni yekudzivirira mheni yedanda remheni. Dzimwe ongororo dzakaratidza kuti mheni yekubata mheni yetambo yemheni inenge yakabatana nekukwirira kwayo, asi isina hukama nekuonekwa kwayo, zvinoreva kuti tsvimbo yemheni haireve kuti yakanongedzwa. Iye zvino mumunda wekambani yekudzivirira mheni, rudzi urwu rwemidziyo yekudzivirira mheni inonzi mheni inogamuchira.
Kuvandudza / Mheni yekudzivirira michina
Iko kushandiswa kwakawanda kwemagetsi kwakasimudzira kugadzirwa kwemagetsi ekudzivirira zvigadzirwa. Kana akakwira-magetsi ekufambisa network achipa simba uye kuvhenekera zviuru zvemhuri, mheni zvakare inokanganisa hutachiona hwemagetsi emagetsi uye zvigadzirwa zvekushandura. Iyo yepamusoro-voltage tambo yakavakirwa pakakwirira, chinhambwe chakareba, nzvimbo yakaoma, uye zviri nyore kurohwa nemheni. Iyo yekudzivirira chiyero chetsvimbo yemheni haina kukwana kuchengetedza zviuru zvemakiromita enzira dzekufambisa. Naizvozvo, tambo yekudzivirira mheni yakabuda senge nyowani mhando yemheni inogamuchira yekudzivirira yakakwira magetsi mitsara. Mushure mekukwirira-kwemagetsi mutsetse unodzivirirwa, simba nemidziyo yekuparadzira yakabatana neiyo yepamusoro-voltage tambo ichiri kukuvadzwa neakawandisa-magetsi. Izvo zvinoonekwa kuti izvi zvinokonzerwa ne "induction mheni". (Inopinza mheni inokonzereswa nemheni yakananga mumatare esimbi ari padhuze. Mheni inopinza inogona kupinza kondakita nenzira mbiri dzakasiyana dzekufunga. Chekutanga, electrostatic induction: kana kuchaja kuri mukutinhira kunoungana, conductor ari padhuze anofurirawo Pane yakapesana mhosva , kana mheni ichirova, mubhadharo uri mukutinhira unokurumidza kuburitswa, uye magetsi emagetsi ari mukondakita akasungwa nemunda wemagetsi wekutinhira achayererawo achitevedza conductor kuti awane chiteshi chekuburitsa, icho chichaumba magetsi mukutenderera kwedunhu. Yechipiri magetsi emagetsi induction: kana bhanan'ana rikabuditsa, mheni inoshanduka ichikurumidza inogadzira simba rakapfupika remagetsi remagetsi rakatenderedza, iro rinoburitsa yakakwira simba remagetsi mune kondakita padyo. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kuwanda kunokonzerwa nemagetsi induction kune akati wandei. nguva dzakakura kudarika kuwedzera kunokonzerwa nemagetsi emagetsi induction . Kutinhira kunokonzeresa kusimuka kune yakakwira-voltage mutsetse uye kunoparadzira pamwe netambo kune iro bvudzi nemagetsi ekugovera michina yakabatana nayo. Kana iyo yekumira voltage yemidziyo iyi iri pasi, inozokuvara nemwenje wakakonzerwa Kudzvinyirira kuwedzera kwewaya, vanhu Mutsetse wekusunga wakagadzirwa.
Mitsetse yekutanga yekusungwa yaive mabara-akazaruka. Iko kuputsika kwemhepo yemhepo yakanyanya kukwirira, ingangoita 500kV / m, uye kana ikaputswa nemhepo yepamusoro, ine chete ma volts mashoma emagetsi akaderera. Uchishandisa hunhu hwemhepo, yekutanga tambo yekusunga yakagadzirirwa. Rimwe divi rerimwe waya raive rakabatanidzwa netambo yemagetsi, rimwe divi rerimwe waya rakanga rakagadzikwa, uye rimwe divi rewaya mbiri rakakamurwa neimwe nhanho kuti iumbe maburi maviri emhepo. Iyo elekitirodhi uye chinhambwe chinogadzirisa kuputsika kwemagetsi eanosunga. Iko kuputsika kwemagetsi kunofanirwa kuve kwakakwira zvishoma pane anoshanda magetsi emagetsi tambo. Kana dunhu rikashanda zvakajairika, gwanza remhepo rakaenzana nedunhu rakavhurika uye harizokanganisa mashandiro anoita mutsetse. Kana iro vhiri remhepo rapindirwa, gwanza remhepo ratsemuka, iyo yekudzvinyirira yakamanikidzwa kune yakadzika kwazvo chikamu, uye iyo yakawandisa inoburitswa zvakare muvhu kuburikidza nemhepo gwanza, nokudaro ichiziva kuchengetedzwa kwemusungwa wemheni. Pane zvakawanda zvakawandisa mune yakavhurika mukaha. Semuenzaniso, iyo yekuparara voltage inokanganiswa zvakanyanya nharaunda; kubuda kwemhepo kuchaisa oxidase iyo electrode; mushure mekunge arc yemhepo yaumbwa, zvinotora akati wandei ma AC macircuit kudzima iyo arc, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa kusungwa kwemheni kana kutadza kwemutsetse. Gasi rinoburitsa machubhu, machubhu ekusunga, uye magineti ekurova anosungwa akagadzirwa mune ramangwana akakunda zvakanyanya matambudziko aya, asi iwo achiri akavakirwa pamisimboti yekubuditsa gasi. Izvo zvakasarudzika zvakashata zvegasi zvinoyerera vanosunga zvakakwirira kukanganisa kukanganisa voltage; kuregedza kuburitsa kunonoka (microsecond level); mawere akasara emagetsi waveform (dV / dt yakakura). Kukanganisa uku kunoona kuti gasi-rinoburitsa vanosunga havana kunyanya kupokana nemagetsi emagetsi.
Iko kukura kwe semiconductor tekinoroji inotipa isu nemheni mitsva yekudzivirira zvinhu, senge Zener diode. Yayo volt-ampere hunhu zvinoenderana nezvinodzivirirwa nemheni zvemutsara, asi kugona kwayo kupfuudza mheni yazvino hakuna kusimba zvekuti zvakajairika mutongi machubhu haakwanise kushandiswa zvakananga. mheni inosunga. Yekutanga semiconductor Anosunga ivhavha inosungwa yakagadzirwa nesilicon carbide zvinhu, iyo ine yakafanana volt-ampere hunhu kune iyo Zener chubhu, asi ine simba rakasimba kupfuudza mheni yazvino. Nekudaro, simbi oxide semiconductor varistor (MOV) yakawanikwa nekukasira, uye ayo volt-ampere maitiro ari nani, uye ine mikana yakawanda senge yekukurumidza kupindura nguva uye hukuru hwazvino kugona. Naizvozvo, MOV mitsara yakasungwa parizvino inoshandiswa zvakanyanya.
Nekuvandudzwa kwekutaurirana, mazhinji emheni dzinosunga tambo dzekutaurirana dzakagadzirwa. Nekuda kwezvipingamupinyi zvekutaurirana tambo yekuparadzira parameter, vakasungwa vakadai vanofanirwa kufunga nezvezvinhu zvinokanganisa hutachiona parameter senge capacitance uye inductance. Nekudaro, mheni yayo yekudzivirira mheni yakangofanana neMOV.
Type / Mheni yekudzivirira michina
Midziyo yekudzivirira mheni inogona kuve yakakamurwa kuita mhando: simba rekupa magetsi kuchengetedza sosi, sosi yekuchengetedza magetsi, uye antenna feeder mutsara vadziviriri, chiratidzo chemheni inosunga, mheni kudzivirira maturusi ekuyedza, zvishandiso zvekudzivirira mheni zvekuyera uye kudzora masystem, uye vadziviriri vepasi.
Mheni inosunga mheni inosunga yakakamurwa kuita nhanho nhatu: B, C, uye D. Sekureva kweIEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) chiyero cheiyo dzidziso yenzvimbo yekudzivirira magetsi uye dziviriro yematanho mazhinji, Kudzivirira B mheni kuchengetedzwa ndekwekutanga- nhanho mheni yekudzivirira mudziyo uye inogona kuiswa kune iyo huru simba rekugovera kabati mune ichi chivakwa; Iyo mheni mudziyo inoiswa kubazi rekuparadzira kabhineti yechivakwa; iyo D-kirasi chinhu chechitatu-chikamu chikamu chekudzivirira mheni, icho chinoiswa kumberi kwekupedzisira kwemidziyo yakakosha kuchengetedza zvakanaka michina.
Iyo yekutaurisa tambo chiratidzo mheni inosunga yakakamurwa kuita B, C uye F mazinga zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zveIEC 61644. Base dziviriro yakakosha dziviriro nhanho (yakashata dziviriro nhanho), C mwero (Musanganiswa wedziviriro) yakazara dziviriro nhanho, Kirasi F (Medium & yakanaka protection) yepakati & yakanaka yekudzivirira nhanho.
Kuyera & Kudzora zvishandiso / Midziyo yekudzivirira michina
Kuyera uye kudzora zvishandiso zvine akasiyana mafomu, senge zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira, maneja manejimendi, kudziyisa masisitimu, yambiro mudziyo, nezvimwe. Kuwedzeredza kunokonzerwa nemheni kana zvimwe zvikonzero hakungokonzere kukanganisa system yekudzora, asi zvakare kunokanganisa vashanduri vanodhura. uye sensors. Kukundikana kweiyo system yekutonga kazhinji kunoguma nekurasikirwa kwechigadzirwa uye kukanganisa mukugadzirwa. Kuyera uye kudzora zvikamu zvinowanzo nyanyisa kupfuura masimba esisitimu maitiro ekuwedzera ekuwandisa. Kana uchisarudza uye nekuisa inosunga mheni mune yekuyera uye yekudzora system, zvinotevera zvinhu zvinofanirwa kutariswa:
1, iyo yakanyanya kushanda voltage yeiyo system
2, iyo yekupedzisira inoshanda ikozvino
3, iyo yakakwira data kufambisa frequency
4, kunyangwe kubvumidza kukosha kwekukwirisa kuti kuwedzere
5, Kunyangwe iyo waya inotumirwa kubva kunze kwechivako, uye kana chivakwa ichi chine chekunze chekudzivirira mheni.
Yakadzika magetsi simba inosunga / Mheni yekudzivirira michina
Kuongororwa kweyaimbova post uye telecommunication department kunoratidza kuti 80% yenjodzi yekurova mheni yenzvimbo yekutaurirana inokonzerwa nekupindirwa kwemheni yemagetsi mumutsetse wemagetsi. Naizvozvo, iyo yakaderera magetsi inoshandura yazvino vanosunga vanokura nekukurumidza zvakanyanya, nepo makuru emheni anosunga ane MOV zvinhu anotora chinzvimbo chakakwirira mumusika. Kune vazhinji vagadziri veMOV vanosunga, uye misiyano yezvigadzirwa zvavo zvinonyanya kuratidzwa mu:
Kuyerera kugona
Iyo yekuyerera inokwana ndiyo yakanyanya mheni yazvino (8 / 20μs) iyo iyo inosungwa inogona kumira. Bazi Rezvemaindasitiri Akajairwa "Tekinoroji Mitemo yeKudzivirirwa Kwemheni kweKutaurirana Injini Simba Sisitimu" inoratidzira iko kuyerera kugona kweanosunga mheni kuti awane magetsi. Wekutanga-chikamu anosunga mukuru kupfuura 20KA. Nekudaro, iko kwazvino kugona kwekubata kweiye anosunga pamusika kuri kuwedzera kukura nekukura. Iyo hombe yazvino-inotakura inosunga haina kukuvara zviri nyore nekurova kwemheni. Kuwanda kwenguva iyo mheni diki yazvino inoshivirirwa kunowedzerwa, uye nemhepo yakasara inoderedzwawo zvishoma. Iyo yakasarudzika yakafanana tekinoroji inogamuchirwa. Anosunga anovandudzawo kugona. Nekudaro, kukuvara kweiye anosunga hakuwanzo kukonzerwa nekurovera kwemheni.
Parizvino, zvave kurongerwa kuti 10/350 μs wave wave inofanira kushandiswa kutsvaga mheni inosunga. Icho chikonzero ndechekuti iyo IEC1024 uye IEC1312 zviyero zvinoshandisa iyo 10/350 μs wave kana ichitsanangura mheni yemheni. Chirevo ichi hachina kukwana, nekuti 8 / 20μs yazvino wave ichiri kushandiswa mukuenzanisa kuverenga kweiye akasunga muIEC1312, uye 8 / 20μs wave inoshandiswa zvakare muIEC1643 "SPD" - Musimboti weSarudzo "Inoshandiswa seyakanyanya kuitika waveform yekuona iyo inosunga (SPD). Naizvozvo, hazvigone kutaurwa kuti kugona kuyerera kweiye anosunga neiyo 8/20 μs wave yechinyakare, uye hazvigone kutaurwa kuti kugona kuyerera kweiye anosunga neiyo 8/20 μs wave hakuenderane nematanho epasi rose.
Chengetedza dunhu
Kukundikana kweMOV anosunga ipfupi-kutenderera uye yakavhurika-kutenderera. Mheni ine simba yazvino inogona kukuvadza anosunga uye kuumba yakavhurika-redunhu mhosva. Panguva ino, chimiro cheiyo inosunga module inowanzo kuparadzwa. Anosunga anogona zvakare kudzikisa mashandiro emagetsi nekuda kwekukwegura kwechinhu kwenguva yakareba. Kana iwo magetsi anoshanda achidonha pazasi pemagetsi anoshanda emutsetse, anosunga anowedzera kuchinjika kwazvino, uye anosunga anogadzira kupisa, uko kunozopedzisira kwakaparadza hunhu husina mutsindo hwechigadzirwa cheMOV, zvichizoguma nedunhu pfupi redunhu remusungwa. kupisa. Mamiriro ezvinhu akafanana anogona kuitika nekuda kwekuwedzera kwemagetsi ekushandisa anokonzerwa netambo yemagetsi kukundikana.
Iyo yakavhurika redunhu kukanganisa kweiye anosunga haina kukanganisa magetsi. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti utarise mashandiro emagetsi kuti uzive, saka anosunga anoda kuongororwa nguva nenguva.
Iyo pfupi-redunhu mhosva yeiye anosunga inokanganisa magetsi. Kana kupisa kwanyanya, waya unozopiswa. Iyo alarm yedunhu inoda kuchengetedzwa kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedzwa kwesimba magetsi. Munguva yakapfuura, iyo fiyuzi yakanga yakabatana mune dzakateedzana pane inosunga module, asi iyo fuse inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chemheni yemazuva ano uye yepfupi-redunhu razvino kuti rirohwe. Izvo zvakaoma kuita zvinehunyanzvi. Kunyanya, iyo inosunga module inowanzo ipfupi-kutenderera. Ikozvino kuyerera panguva pfupi yedunhu hakuna kukura, asi inoenderera iripo irinokwana kukonzera iyo mheni inosunga inonyanyo shandiswa kuburitsa iyo pulse yazvino kuti ive inopisa kwazvo. Iyo tembiricha inodimura chishandiso yakaonekwa gare gare yakagadzirisa iri dambudziko zviri nani. Chikamu chidimbu chipfupi chemusungwa chakaonekwa nekumisikidza tembiricha yekudambura mudziyo. Kamwe iyo inosunga yekudziya chishandiso yakangoerekana yadamburwa, mwenje, magetsi uye acoustic maalarm sign akapihwa.
Residual voltage
Bazi Rezvemaindasitiri Rakajairwa "Tekinoroji Mitemo yeKudzivirirwa Kwemheni kweKutaurirana Injini Simba Sisitimu" (YD5078-98) yaita zvakatarwa zvinodiwa kune yakasara magetsi emagetsi anosunga pamatanho ese. Izvo zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti izvo zvakajairika zvinodiwa zvinowanikwa zviri nyore. Iyo yakasara voltage yeiyo MOV inosunga ndiyo Yayo inoshanda voltage iri 2.5-3.5 nguva. Iyo yakasara voltage mutsauko weiyo yakanangana-imwechete-nhanho yekusungwa haina kukura. Chiyero chekudzora zvakasara voltage ndechekuderedza mashandiro emagetsi uye kuwedzera izvo zvazvino kugona kweanosunga, asi iwo magetsi ekushandisa akaderera kwazvo, uye kukuvara kwehusungwa kunokonzerwa nemagetsi kusagadzikana kuchawedzera. Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvekunze zvakapinda mumusika weChinese padanho rekutanga, iyo yekushandisa magetsi yaive yakadzika kwazvo, uye gare gare yakawedzera zvakanyanya magetsi ekushandisa.
Iyo yakasara voltage inogona kuderedzwa neayo maviri-danho musungwa.
Kana mheni ichipinda, anosunga 1 anoburitsa, uye nemhepo yakasara inogadzirwa iV1; yazvino kuyerera neasungwa 1 ndiI1;
Iyo yakasara voltage yemusungwa 2 iV2, uye yazvino kuyerera iri I2. Izvi ndizvo: V2 = V1-I2Z
Zviripachena kuti iyo yakasara voltage yemusungwa 2 yakadzika pane yakasara voltage yemusungwa 1.
Kune vagadziri vanopa maviri-danho mheni inosungwa kune imwechete-chikamu magetsi magetsi, nekuti simba reimwe-chikamu magetsi magetsi ari pazasi pe5KW, tambo yazvino haina kukura, uye iyo impedance inductance iri nyore kumhepo. Kune zvakare vagadziri vanopa matatu-chikamu maviri-nhanho vasungwa. Nekuti simba rematanho-matatu emagetsi emagetsi anogona kunge akakura, uyo anosunga akakura uye anodhura.
Mune chiyero, zvinodikanwa kumisikidza inosunga mheni mumatanho mazhinji patambo yemagetsi. Muchokwadi, mhedzisiro yekudzora yakasara voltage inogona kuzadzikiswa, asi iyo yega-inductance yeiyo waya inoshandiswa kuita yekuzviparadzanisa impedance inductance pakati pevasungwa pamatanho ese.
Iyo yakasara voltage yemusungwa ingori chete tekinoroji chiratidzo cheiye anosunga. Iko kuwedzeredza kunoiswa kumidziyo kunoenderanawo nemhepo yakasara. Iyo yekuwedzera magetsi inogadzirwa nemaviri makondakita emheni inosungwa yakabatana netambo yemagetsi uye waya wepasi unowedzerwa. Naizvozvo, kuiswa kwakakodzera kunoitwa. Mheni dzinosunga zvakare chakakosha chiyero chekudzora kuwanda kwemidziyo.
Zvimwe / Midziyo yekudzivirira mheni
Anosunga anogona zvakare kupa mheni stereki makomisheni, kutarisa nzvimbo uye dzakasiyana nzira dzekumisikidza zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nemushandisi.
Kutaurirana mutsara wekusungwa
Izvo zvehunyanzvi zvinodiwa zvemheni inosunga tambo dzekutaurirana zvakakwirira, nekuti pamusoro pekusangana nezvinodiwa zvemheni yekudzivirira tekinoroji, zvinodikanwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti zvimiro zvekutapurirana zvinosangana nezvinodiwa. Uye zvakare, iyo michina yakabatana netambo yekutaurirana ine yakaderera kumira voltage, uye iyo yakasara voltage yemheni yekudzivirira mudziyo iri yakaoma. Naizvozvo, zvinonetsa kusarudza chidziviriro chemheni. Iyo chaiyo yekutaurisa yekutaurisa mheni dziviriro mudziyo inofanirwa kuve neiyo diki capacitance, yakaderera masara emagetsi, hombe yazvino kuyerera uye nekukurumidza mhinduro. Zviripachena, zvishandiso zviri patafura hazvina kukodzera. Iyo inoyerera chubhu inogona kushandiswa kweanenge ese maficha ekutaurirana, asi kugona kwayo kwemheni kushoma. MOV capacitors yakakura uye inokodzera chete kutapurirana odhiyo. Iko kugona kweTVS kumira nemheni yazvino hakuna kusimba. Inodzivirira mhedzisiro. Midziyo yakasiyana yekudzivirira mheni ine akasiyana akasara emagetsi waveforms pasi pekukanganiswa nemafungu azvino. Zvinoenderana nehunhu hweyakasara voltage waveform, iyo inosunga inogona kukamurwa kuita switch switch uye voltage muganho mhando, kana iwo maviri marudzi anogona kusanganiswa kuita simba uye kudzivirira ipfupi.
Mhinduro ndeyekushandisa maviri akasiyana madhizaini kugadzira maviri-nhanho anosunga. Iyo schematic dhizaini yakafanana neaya maviri-nhanho yekusungwa kwemagetsi. Chikamu chekutanga chete ndicho chinoshandisa kuburitsa chubhu, iyo yepakati yekuzvipikisa inodzivisa inoshandisa chipikisi kana PTC, uye danho rechipiri rinoshandisa TVS, kuti kureba kwechigadzirwa chimwe nechimwe kuve nekushanda. Yakadai mheni inosunga inogona kusvika kumakumi mashoma emakumi eMHZ.
Yakakwira-frequency vasungwa vanonyanya kushandisa ekurasa machubhu, senge nhare dzinofambisa uye paging antenna feeders, zvikasadaro zvinonetsa kuzadzikisa zvido zvekufambisa. Kune zvakare zvigadzirwa zvinoshandisa musimboti weiyo yepamusoro-yekupfuura firita. Sezvo simba remagetsi emheni richiiswa pakati pe kilohertz dzinoverengeka nemazana akati wandei kilohertz, kuwanda kweiyo antenna kwakadzika kwazvo, uye firita iri nyore kugadzira.
Iyo yakapetwa dunhu ndeye kubatanidza diki yepakati inductor yakafanana neiyo yepamusoro-frequency musimboti waya kuti igadzire yakakwira-kupfuura firita inosunga. Nezve iyo poo frequency yekutaurirana antenna, iyo quarter-wavelength ipfupi-redhiyo tambo inogona zvakare kushandiswa kugadzira bhendi-kupfuura firita, uye mheni yekudzivirira mhedzisiro iri nani, asi nzira mbiri idzi dzichapfupisa-kutenderera iyo DC inopfuudzwa pane iyo antenna feeder mutsara , uye renji yekushandisa ishoma.
Zvinokanganisa mudziyo
Kuvhundutsa ndiyo hwaro hwekudzivirira mheni. Iyo nzira yekumisikidza yakatsanangurwa neyakajairika ndeye kushandisa yakatwasuka kana yakatwasuka matanda epasi aine maprofiles esimbi. Munzvimbo dzine ngura yakasimba, galvanization uye nzvimbo yemuchinjikwa-yesimbi profiles inogona kushandiswa kurwisa ngura. Zvisiri-simbi zvigadzirwa zvinogona zvakare kushandiswa. Iyo conductor inoshanda sedanda repasi, senge graphite pasi electrode uye Portland simende pasi electrode. Imwe nzira inonzwisisika ndeyekushandisa iko kwekusimbisa kwekuvakwa kwemazuva ano sedanda repasi. Nekuda kwekukanganisa kwekudzivirira kwemheni munguva yakapfuura, kukosha kwekuderedza kusagadzikana kwekumisikidza kunosimbiswa. Vamwe vagadziri vakaunza zvigadzirwa zvakasiyana siyana zvevhu, vachiti zvinoderedza kusagadzikana kwepasi. Senge yekudzivirira inodzora, polymer pasi electrode, isiri-yesimbi pasi electrode uye zvichingodaro.
Muchokwadi, maererano nedziviriro yemheni, kunzwisiswa kwekumisikidza pasi kwachinja, izvo zvinodiwa pakurongedzwa kweiyo grid yekukwirisa zvakakwirira, uye izvo zvinodzivirira zvinodzikiswa. Muna GB50057–94, chete mafomu enetwork enzvimbo ezvivakwa zvakasiyana anosimbiswa. Iko hakuna kwekudzivisa chinodikanwa, nekuti mune mheni yekudzivirira dzidziso yeiyo equipotential musimboti, pasi network inongori chete huwandu hwenongedzo ingango nongedzera poindi, kwete mhedzisiro zero inogona poindi. Chimiro chevhu chepasi chinotarisirwa kune zvinodiwa zvemagetsi, uye kukosha kwekupokana hakuna musoro. Ehezve, hapana kana chakaipa nekuwana yakaderera grounding kuramba kana mamiriro achibvumidza. Uye zvakare, magetsi uye kutaurirana zvine zvinodiwa zvekumisikidza pasi, izvo zvinopfuura chiyero chemagetsi ekudzivirira matekinoroji.
Iyo yekumisikidza yekumisikidza inonyanya kuenderana neiyo ivhu kusagadzikana uye kubatana kwekubatana pakati pevhu nevhu. Izvo zvinoenderanawo nechimiro uye nhamba yevhu paunenge uchiumba pasi. Iyo yekudzivirira inodzora uye akasiyana ekumisikidza ma electrode hapana chekuvandudza kusangana kwekubatana kana kubatana pakati pevhu nevhu. nzvimbo. Nekudaro, iyo yekudzivirira ivhu inoita danho rekusarudza, uye mamwe acho ari nyore kuchinja. Kana kusagadzikana kwevhu kwakanyanya, nzira yeinjiniya chete yekushandura ivhu kana kugadzirisa ivhu ndiyo inogona kushanda, uye dzimwe nzira dzakaoma kushanda.
Mheni kudzivirira inyaya yekare, asi ichiri kuchinja. Izvo zvinofanirwa kutaurwa kuti hapana chigadzirwa chekuyedza. Pachine zvinhu zvakawanda kuti zviongororwe mumagetsi ekudzivirira tekinoroji. Parizvino, mashandiro emagetsi emagetsi haasati ajeka. Iyo yakawanda yekutsvagisa nezve mheni induction zvakare haina kusimba. Naizvozvo, zvigadzirwa zvekuchengetedza mheni zviri kusimukira zvakare. Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvitsva zvinonzi nemagetsi zvinodzivirira zvigadzirwa, Zvinoda kuyedzwa mukuita nemaonero esainzi uye kuvandudzwa mune dzidziso. Sezvo mheni pachayo iri chiitiko chidiki, zvinoda yakawanda yekureba-yakareba manhamba ekuongorora kuti uwane mibairo inobatsira, iyo inoda kubatana kwemapato ese kuita.
