Kuwedzeredza Kudzivirirwa kweKwakadzika Voltage Maitiro

Iri bhuku 'Overvoltage Kudzivirirwa kweLow Voltage Systems' NaDhokotera Mr. Peter Hasse

Ini ndinorangarira iro bhuku 'Kuwedzeredza Kudzivirirwa kweLow Voltage Systems' NaPeter Hasse kwakandipa ruzivo rwakakosha pandakanga ndiri jaya raipinda mune yekuchengetedza dziviriro munda muna Zvita 2006.

Dr. Peter Hasse, 'Mr. 10/350 'Godfather weiyo 10/350 waveform.
Munyika yekudzivirira mheni, Peter Hasse ingano mhenyu.

Akazvarwa muna 1940, akadzidza zvemagetsi nemagetsi enjiniya kuBerlin technical University, akapedza kudzidza muna 1965. Akazoshanda semubatsiri wekutsvagisa kuAdolf Attias Institute yeHigh Voltage Injiniya yemuno kudzamara agamuchira degree rake repamusoro mu1972. Kwapera mwedzi mishoma akazobatana. iro R & D dhipatimendi reDEHN + Sohne. Ikoko akashanda mukugadzira iyo-yekudzimisa mweya-gwanza rekugona kukuru uye dzidziso nyowani yekururamisa kushandiswa kwayo mukudzivirira kwemheni. Izvi zvaidaidzwa panguva iyo "nyowani" 10/350 waveform. Muna 1981, Dr. Hasse akazova Managing Director waDehn uye akaramba akadaro kusvikira ave pamudyandigere muna 2004. Kubva 2002 anga ari muBhodi reVatungamiriri veGerman laboratori yekuyedza: GHMT AG Bexbach.

Nguva pfupi vabva pamudyandigere kubva kwaDehn, Dr. Hasse vakapihwa chinzvimbo chepamusoro cheMutemo weMerit weFederal Republic yeGerman.

Pamhemberero dzemubhadharo wa2005 Hasse akakudzwa nekushandura Dehn + Sohne (kambani diki-yemhuri-inogadzira mheni matanda) kuita mutambi wepasi rese mumusika wekuchengetedza mheni. Panguva imwecheteyo akarumbidzwa nekuda kwe "rakakosha basa" raakange ave kuita mukukwidziridza nyika nenyika dzekunze-kugadzira zvimiro zvaibata nekudzivirira kwemheni.

Kurumbidzwa hakuna kuwedzeredzwa. Nhoroondo yega yega yezvakaitwa naHasse ine mutsetse mumwechete: "Akaita chinzvimbo chakakosha mumasangano epasirese uye epasi rese munzvimbo yekuchengetedza mheni." Chaizvoizvo kuti "zvakakosha" zvakange zvakaoma sei kuziva nekuti kusvika parizvino huwandu hwakazara hwezviito zvake munhandare iyi zvainge zvisina kunyorwa zvizere.

Kwemakore anopfuura makumi maviri, achiri kumhanya Dehn, Hasse aisimudzira panguva imwe chete dzidziso dzake nyowani nemidziyo kune vanyori vezviyero uye vachiita kuti zvinyorwe mumiyero yekumanikidza kushandiswa. Muna 20, vakave nhengo yekutanga yeVDE (German standard organization) Komiti yeKudzivirira Mheni (ABB) uye munguva pfupi yakatevera yakanga ichichimhanyisa (sekureva kwaProfesa Dr. Kawamura, Mutungamiri weIEIE yekuJapan) Muna 1975 Hasse akabatana neDKE ( Mumiriri weGerman kuIEC neCENELEC) achimupa bhodhi rinodiwa kuti ave mutauriri weGerman kune ese IEC / SC1977A "Low Voltage Surge Protective Devices" uye IEC / TC37 "Mheni Kudzivirirwa" (iyo yaakabatana pakutanga kwayo.)

Famba nemapeji eHasse anotevera (asvikika kuburikidza nehukama pazasi) uye uchaona kuti yakanga isiri Thor kana chero mumwe mwari wemheni akapa hupenyu kune 10/350 waveform. Yakanga isiri iyo CIGRE kana kunyangwe akafarirwa weSwitzerland muongorori, Dr. Karl Berger.

Simudza chifukidziro uye mumwe anowana iyo chaiyo sosi yeiyo 10/350 wave wave kuti ave mumwe kunze kwedu Dr. Peter Hasse.

HASSE 10/350 CHATI - Kuzvarwa kweiyo 10/350 waveform

Dr. Geräte auch bei direkten Blitzeinschlägen ”, (Verlag TOV Rheinland GmbH, Koblenz,) yakaburitswa muna 10. Chati iri kuratidzwa pazasi.

Rongedza mbeva yako pamusoro pechati chiri pamusoro kuti umise zvinongedzo zvichipa ruzivo rwezvinhu zvinoenderana. Kutarisa kwekutanga kunoratidza kunoratidzira ese mashanu eIEC 5's 62305/10 parameter (akajekeswa). Kutarisa kwechipiri kunoratidza Hasse ari kupa aya ma parameter kune yechiGerman standard "VG 350." Cheki neDIN (iyo yeGerman Standards Institute) yakaburitsa pachena kuti VG96901 yaisambove muyero wakakodzera. Yakanga iri "prestandard" isina mvumo kana kutangira.

Asi izvo ndezvekungoreva kushoma kubva Hasse paakataura mune zvinyorwa achiunza iyi chati kuti iye akazvisika iye. Uye, zvirokwazvo, chirevo choga (chinoratidzwa pazasi pechati se / 42 /) chinoreva "nhungamiro" yakanyorwa naHasse muna 1982.

Chinyorwa chinotevera chinoparidzira zvakazara (pamwe kekutanga) kuti chati iyi inomiririra magiraidhi emheni, uye izvo zvinomutsa gwanza revadziviriri vaidikanwa "pasina kusarudzika" kuti ishandiswe kuchengetedza magetsi uye kunyanya eruzivo zvemagetsi ruzivo. (peji 46-47)

Mwedzi mishoma mushure mekuburitswa kwebhuku rake Dr. Hasse akauya ne10 / 350 Chart yake kumusangano weIEC TC 81 muJapan (June 1988) kupa chimiro kuhurukuro yake nezve "chaiyo waveform yemheni yakananga." Pano kudzidziswa kwaisanganisira ma parameter kubva paHasse 10/350 chati (200kA, 100 C, 10 MJ pa ohm) uyezve yakaratidza akawanda mafoto eake Dehn spark gap vakasungwa. Heino slide yacho yeHasse 10/350 Chart yakatorwa kubva mumharidzo iyoyo. Unogona kuona achizvitutumadza (uye rake bhuku ra1987) seyakabva chati.

Mumazuva iwayo Hasse anga asati atanga kuisa mutoro weiyo 10/350 wave wave pamusuwo weBerger & CIGRE. Izvo zvaifanira kuuya gare gare.

Bhuku rake ra1987 (pakatanga kuoneka chati) riine makumi masere nematanhatu mareferenzi nezvinyorwa asi hapana kutaurwa nezve Berger kana CIGRE.

Izvi zvinodaro nekuti, sezvakaratidzwa mune iri pamusoro data, iyo 10/350 waveform yakabva kuna Dr. Peter Hasse.

IEC 62305 KUDZIVIRIRA MUDZIMAI ZONE CONCEPT (chishandiso chinoshanda chesainzi kana hukama hweveruzhinji hype?)
LPZ - Mheni Yekuchengetedza Nzvimbo Chirevo: Chii icho?

Mheni Kudzivirirwa Nzvimbo (kana LPZs) dziri pakati peiyo IEC 62305 nzira yekudzivirira mheni. Pfungwa ndeye kudzikamisa mheni-inosimudzira yazvino nemagetsi emagetsi anopinda muchimiro nekukamura chimiro kuita mutsananguro yenzvimbo dzenjodzi (yakavakirwa mukati meumwe neumwe.) Kuburikidza nekushandisa nekuchenjera kwemaitiro ekudzivirira uye maPSD mhedzisiro yemheni ichirova nzvimbo yekunze kudzikiswa vasati vasvika munzvimbo dzemukati. Zvirinani kuti ndiyo dzidziso. Zvinoenderana neIEC 62305-4 (Chikamu. 4.1) iyi pfungwa yeLPZ ndiyo hwaro hwekudzivirira kwemheni.

Iyo inoshanda sei iyo IEC 62305 Mheni Kudzivirirwa Zone nzvimbo?

Iyo IEC-yakamisikidzwa LPZ pfungwa yanga iri mukupararira kwekuenderera kwekushandisa kwemakumi maviri emakore. Asi Rakov naUman pavakatsvaga, havana kukwanisa kuwana chidzidzo chimwechete chine humbowo hwehuwandu hunosimbisa kushanda kwayo ("Mheni, Fizikisi uye Mhedzisiro, Cambridge University Press" peji 20). Kumwe kutsvagurudza muna591 zvakare kwakave pasina. Sezviri pachena hapana chidzidzo chakambotsigisa kushanda kweIEC 2013's LPZ system.

Pamberi payo, iyo LPZ system inoita senge inonzwisisika nzira yekuwedzera kudzivirira. Saka nei, mumakore makumi maviri, pakanga pasina kuve nezvidzidzo zvinoratidza kubudirira kwayo? Mubvunzo iwoyo wakatungamira mukutarisisa kwakadzama mukushanduka kwayo nekushandisa.

EF Vance: Musiki weiyo Mheni Kudzivirirwa Nharaunda Chirevo

Iyo yekutanga LPZ pfungwa yakagadzirwa neAmerican, EF Vance, yeStanford Research Institute muMenlo Park, California. Vance akaisuma muna 1977 mupepa rakanzi "Shielding and Grounding Topology for Interference Control." Kuruboshwe pane dhayagiramu yakabviswa mupepa riya rinoratidza nzvimbo dzenjodzi yeVance. Ne "kugadzika" kunze kweye nhovo yega yega mukati mechidzitiro chepedyo, Vance yakatsvaga kudzora mhedzisiro yemapiringi ekunze anopinda munzvimbo. Akaonawo kudiwa kwekuganhurira iwo mageji pasimba uye dhata dzedata dzinopinda muchimiro.

Zoni 0 ndiyo moniker Vance yakapa kune yekunze nharaunda zvichienderana nemheni. Zones 1 & 2 akagadza kunzvimbo dziri mukati mechimiro.

Vance LPZ system yakasarudzwa naDr Peter Hasse

 Dr. Hasse akaisa pfungwa yaVance uye akaishandura kuita bhuku raakatumidza kuti: "EMC-Mheni Kudzivirirwa Zone Concept" (yakanyorwa-yakanyorwa naPeter Hasse & Johannes Wiesinger uye yakaburitswa naPflaum Verlag mu1993.)

Kurudyi iwe unogona kuona Vance's LPZ dhizaini sezvazviri, isina kuchinjika (kunze kwekuwedzera kweshanduro yechiGerman) pane p. 52 yebhuku raHasse. Maumbirwo epakutanga eVance uye mazwi akachengetedzwa muHasse adaptation: Zone Zero yakaramba ichimiririra nzvimbo iri kunze kwechimiro; Nzvimbo 1 & 2, nzvimbo dziri mukati mechimiro.

Nehurombo Dr. Hasse akashandisa iyo LPZ system kuendesa yake 10/350 waveform zano nekusimbisa iyo pfungwa yekuti mheni dzese dzinoshuvira muZone Zero dzinofanirwa kuve ne 10/350 waveform. Dzvanya apa kuti uone kuti Hasse's 1993 LPZ bhuku rakabaya sei iyo 10/350 waveform mune iyo LPZ pfungwa.

Mukudaro, akabvisa mukana mukana weiyo ingangove nzira inoshanda zvikuru yekudzivirira mheni. Zvinetso zvakakonzerwa neiyo LPZ system neiyo 10/350 waveform inosanganisira kukanganisa kwekupaza kwemoto, pamwe ne quagmire ye "SPD coordination" zvese zviri kuitirwa kumwe kunhu pawebhu.

Maakaunzi ekumwe kukanganisa kwakakonzerwa nemidziyo uye kuiswa kuri "kudzivirirwa" zvinoenderana neiyi 10/350-LPZ system inogona kuwanikwa kumwe kunhu pawebhu.

LPZ Kutama - Kubva mubhuku raHasse kuenda kuIEC mheni yekudzivirira

Pakazoburitswa bhuku rake reLPZ muna1993, Dr. Hasse aive anotyisa pamberi pekomiti yeIEC yemheni yekudzivirira magetsi, TC 81. Zvakamutorera makore asingasviki maviri kubva pakaburitswa bhuku iro kuti pfungwa yake yeLPZ ipinzwe zvachose muiyo IEC 61312-1 yakajairwa.

Kuruboshwe pane LPZ dhizaini kubva IEC 61312-1. Iyo 10/350 waveform yakaitwa chikamu chakakosha chayo. Dzvanya apa kuti uone iyo Hasse 10/350 mheni parameter sezvavakaonekwa mune 61312-1 standard.

Saka zvinogona kuonekwa, kuti kamwe kamwe mheni, Dr. Hasse vakabudirira kutora zvese zvake 10/350 waveform NEZVO pfungwa yeLPZ yakaunzwa muIEC yepasi rese mheni yekudzivirira mwenje.

Nhanho inotevera yaive yekuvafambisa kuenda muIEC 62305 standard. Iyo nyaya yemabatiro aakaita iyo inogona kuwanikwa pano.

Kupfupisa, Dr. Peter Hasse haangorumbidzwe nekuzvara 10/350 waveform, asiwo kugadzira iyo LPZ system iri kushandiswa nhasi mune ese IEC mheni yekudzivirira zviyero.

LPZ Mukushandisa kwemazuva ese: kudzimisa mheni kana kukwikwidza kukwikwidza?

Dhizainzi yazvino yeLPZ kubva kuIEC 62305 inoratidzwa kurudyi. Chinangwa chayo ndechekudzikisira kukanganisa kwemheni iri kuuya. Asi vamwe vanotenda mashandiro eIEC LPZ system ane chekuita nekutaura kuti ndeapi masisitimu ehurongwa uye ekuwedzera ekuchengetedza anofanirwa kunzi "akakodzera" nekudaro achishandisa mashandisiro awo. Semuenzaniso, IEC 62305 inosimbirira kuti mheni yakananga inofanirwa kuve ne10 / 350 test waveform, uye nekudaro kungoparadzanisa gwanza "vanosunga mheni" vangangoshandiswa muZone Zero. Dzimwe mhando dzeSPD dzakarambidzwa.

Kune matatu makuru matambudziko nemaitiro aya. Iwo maviri ekutanga ane hunyanzvi uye akanyorwa mukati mewebhu iyi, anoti: 1) iyo 10/350 waveform haimiriri mheni chaiyo, uye 2) gwanza remoto "vanosunga mheni" vane zvakawanda zvakashata zvemukati.

Dambudziko rechitatu rakakura rinogona kunge riri repamutemo. Nzira iyo LPZ system yakaitwa nayo mumatanho inogona kuita kutyora kweEuropean Union Makwikwi Mutemo. (Ona FAQ peji.)

chivindi

Kana paine chero munhu ari kutora izvi "pachezvake" ndapota bvuma chokwadi chekuti ino webhusaiti haina kuitirwa kuti irant kune chero munhu chaiye, kambani, kana komiti. Chinhu chayo chese kugadzirisa mamiriro ekudzivirira kwemheni. Uye kunyangwe zvingatora hushingi kuti usimuke utaure, zvinotora ushingi hwakaenzana kuti ugare pasi uteerere.

HASSE 10/350 CAMPAIGN - Rwizi rwemabhuku, zvinyorwa, uye mharidzo: 10km yakafara / 350km kureba

Munguva yemakore makumi masere nemakumi mapfumbamwe (maererano newebsite yaDehn) Hasse, mubatsiri wake J. Wiesinger, nevamwe vashandi veDehn nevabatsiri vakanyora kana kutora chikamu mumazana emapepa, mabhuku, mharidzo kumisangano yepasi rese, kuratidzira, uye misangano. Mumwe "wekare-nguva" akafungidzira kuti anopfuura mamirioni gumi emadhora akashandiswa pamushandirapamwe uyu. Meseji iri mune yakawanda yenyaya idzi nezviratidziro zvakatsinhirana nebhuku raHasse ra80: “mheni yakananga inomiririrwa ne90 / 1987 wave wave; chete zvinodzivirira gwanza rinodzivirira vanokwanisa kupasa 10/350 testformform bvunzo ndivo vanofanira kushandiswa kudzivirira mheni yakananga. ”

Rondedzero yakasarudzika inogona kuwanikwa pano.

Hasse akasimudzira yake 10/350 Chati kuenda TC-81 mune yake 1988 "Nhoroondo yeMheni Kudzivirirwa" mharidzo kuIEC TC-81 Chirangaridzo Musangano muJapan. Iyo chati yakaonekwawo mushanduro dzakazotevera dzebhuku rake ra1987. Inogona kuwanikwa muzvinyorwa zvakaita se "Neues aus der Blitzschutztechnik," etz, Vol. 108, pp. 612-618, yakaburitswa muna 1987 uye EMV-Blitz-Schutzzonen-Konzept, yakanyorwa pamwe naJ. Wiesinger ikatsikiswa naVDE Verlag muna1994. Inowanikwa mubhuku raHasse ra1998 "Overvoltage Protection of Low Voltage Systems ”Uye shanduro dzayo dzapashure.

Kufananidza zvinhu

 Muna 1999, Dr. Hasse vakaenda kuSurge Protective Devices Committee yeIEEE ndokukumbira, semumiriri ane mukurumbira weTC 81, kukokwa kumusangano weIEEE SPD Committee chitubu cha2000 nechinangwa chekupa hurukuro pamusoro pe "mavambo, kukosha uye kushanda kweiyo 10/350 μs waveform. ” Musi waSeptember 29, 1999 iyo SPD Committee yakatambira chikumbiro chavo, uye waitevera Chivabvu musangano wakaitirwa muSt. Petersberg, Florida. Dr. Hasse akazviratidza achitarisira kufadza pane IEEE vanopinda kukosha kwekushandisa iyo 10/350 waveform kudzokorora kurova kwekutanga kwemheni yakananga. Mukupfuura akataura nezve 10: 1 kuyera chinhu chekushandura iyo 10/350 waveform kuita 8/20, asi akaisa kunetseka zvishoma pairi. Hasse akasangana nekubudirira kudiki mumusangano uyu uye gore rakatevera akatumira Dehn VP wake (Richard Chadwick) kuti ayedze zvakare. Kuparidza meseji imwechete, tichishandisa machati akafanana uye zvirevo zvakafanana pamusoro pemiganhu yemheni yakanaka, iyi mharidzo yakapa kusimbisa zvakanyanya kuchinhu ichi: "Pangasave nechinhu chekuyera icho Spark Gaps neMOV SPDs chingafananidzwa?"

Sekurudziro yekutanga Chadwick akakanda chinhu che "30." Izvi zvaireva kuti MOV SPD yakaedzwa ne8 / 20 waveform kuti itariswe mukirasi imwechete seSpark Gap yakaedzwa ne25kA 10/350 μs kukurudzira, iyo MOV SPD yaizoda kuyerwa pa750kA. Dr. Chadwick vakanyatsoona kusanzwisisika uye pakupera kwehurukuro yavo vakagumisa kuti "zvikwiriso zvepasirese hazvifanirwe kushandiswa" asi kuti vadziviriri vekupaza chete ndivo vakakodzera kumisikidzwa pamusuwo webasa.

Zvinoshamisa kuti, kunyangwe meseji chaiyo yaChadwick, yakatanga vamwe IEEE vanhu vachifunga kuti nzira iyi ingave nzira yekuwana kuyananiswa neIEC pane iyi nyaya. Zviverengero zvakasiyana zvakarohwa zvakapoteredzwa uye pakupedzisira "gumi" zvakatorwa zvishoma neIEEE.

Hasse akaramba akasimba. Mharidzo yeChadwick gare gare gore rimwe chetero yakasimbisa pakuenzana kwekuwedzera kwemakumi maviri neshanu. Ona iyo slide pano.

Kutaura kwese uku kwe “zvakaenzana” kwakakurudzira Francois Martzloff, wedare reIEEE SPD, kuti aite ongororo yekuona kana "chibvumirano-chakabvumiranwa pakuenderana" kwemafomu maviri emasaisai aya "chingaitwa" kuburikidza nechinhu chiri nyore kuwedzera. " Kuongorora masvomhu uye kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinobatanidzwa kwakawana kuedza kuva "kusingaiti." Unogona kuverenga gwaro rese pano. Pakazosvika 2006 chero hurukuro yakakomba nezve "zvakafanana" zvinhu zvainge zvapera. Izvi zvinosimbiswa muIEEE Std C62.62 (2010) uko pasina 10/350 waveform inobvumidzwa.

Muzvinyorwa zveHasse nezviratidziro munhu anogona kufungidzira kurwisana kwekurudziro dzinopesana: Kune rimwe divi, kurudziro yake yechokwadi yekuita mune zvehunyanzvi nyaya uye kune imwe, kumanikidzwa kwekutengesa kushambadzira zvigadzirwa zvake zvemupengo. Mumwe haagone kubatsira kutaura kuti mumatauriro ake ehunyanzvi nemabhuku aisawanzo kurega kuratidza mapikicha eDehn spark vachengeti uye vachizvirova dundundu kuti vakadzivirira zvakadii ku "mheni yakananga."

Izvi zvinogona zvakare kuonekwa sekushandisa zvine hunyanzvi kwemutemo wekupa uye kudiwa: Hasse yaive nerubatsiro rwezvinhu zvekupararira kwepasipo. Chaingodiwa chete kuti IEC ipe "zvaidiwa." Sehurongwa hwebhizinesi, hwaive hwakajeka.

DR. HASSE, TC81 & IEC 62305 DZAKATEVEDZANA - kubiwa kwechiyero
10/350 Milestones uye Zenith: Iyo IEC 62305 mheni yekudzivirira mitezo

Muna 1993 kuburitswa kweIEC 61024-1-1 kwakaratidza nhanho hombe mberi munhandare yepasi rose yeHasse10 / 350 waveform. Magetsi ayo emagetsi ekumanikidza kwazvino, kubhadharisa, uye simba rakasarudzika zvakasimudzwa zvakatwasuka kunze kweye Hasse chati. Asi zvaive muna 1995 kuti Hasse akazopedzisira aona basa rake rakaoma richizadzikiswa apo TC 81 yakaburitsa IEC 61312-1 ichipa zita, ichipa mvumo uye ichipa masimba kune iyo Hasse10 / 350 waveform. Kubva ipapo munhu wese aizoziva kuti mheni yakananga yaigona kungoonekwa ne10 / 350 wave waveform. Bato iri muNeumarkt husiku ihwohwo rinofanira kunge raifadza.

Chiitiko chechipiri chaive kutora iyo 10/350 waveform inosanganisirwa muIEC 61643-1.

Asi zenith yayo yaive pasina mubvunzo iro zuva iro Hasse 10/350 waveform yakaiswa (yakazara) muIEC 62305 mheni yekudzivirira mheni. Uye pane nyaya inonakidza yakabatana neizvozvo.

Chii chaipokana zano raHasse rekuda uye rekushinga pakuendesa 10/350 waveform yake inotsanangurwa zvakajeka naErnst Landers muIEC Gwaro 81/195 / INF yakanyorwa muna 2002.07.05 yakanzi TC 81 WG 3 Chirevo cheMugadziri? Ernst U. Landers, panguva iyoyo aive mushandirwi wenguva refu weHasse, aive iye chaiye TC81 WG3 Convenor muna 2002. Asi Dr. Hasse vaivepowo pamusangano weTC81 uchikurukurwa (muFirenze, Italy Gumiguru 17, 2001) uye vaitora basa re "Deputizing Convener." Hatizive chaizvo chinonzi "deputizing convenor", asi gwaro rinoburitsa pachena kuti Hasse ndiye anga achitungamira musangano uyo wanga uchitaura nezvenyaya yekuti ungabatanidze sei "SPD zvinodiwa" uye "Chikumbiro gwaro" kubva kuIEC 61312-1 mukati mekushanda-mukufambira mberi IEC 62305 akateedzana ematanho. Izvi zvaizo, ipso facto, zvasanganisira zvese Hasse 10/350 chati parameter & LPZ pfungwa.

Pasi pekudzidziswa kwaHasse, TC 81 WG3 yakanga yatofunga zvekusanganisa zvakakwana IEC 61312-1 Hasse data kuita 62305. Tichitora pano kubva kumushumo wevaunganidzi, nekuti zvemukati zve 61312-1 zvakange zvatove "kukurukurwa nekutambirwa pamwe chete muWG3, iyo gungano rakapihwa, kusanganisa zvine mutsindo zvikamu zvishanu izvi (zveIEC 61312-1) muchinyorwa cheIEC 62305… ”Chipo chake chakatambirwa zviri nyore. Tinofanira kubvuma uku kwaive kufamba kwakanaka kubva pamaonero aDkt.Hasse- kutora iyo Hasse 10/350 waveform uye LPZ pfungwa yakanyorwa mune itsva 62305 dzakateedzana nenzira isina kusvibiswa raive rakanyanya kukosha basa kuti risiirwe kune vagaries ye "komiti chiito. ” Sekureva kweshumo, "basa rekugadzirisa" rakapedzwa uye gwaro rinoguma rakatumirwa kunhengo dzese dzeWG 3 ichivapa mwedzi mumwe chete kuti vapindure. Kana, mushure memwedzi mumwe, PASINA wavo akange apindura, mukokeri chaiye, Dr. Landers, nenzira yechisimba, akazivisa kuti "chibvumirano" chakange chasvitswa ndokutumira gwaro kuna Dr. Lo Piparo (Secretary of TC 1) uyo akariburitsa se chitsva cheBasa Rechinhu. Izvi zvakaisundidzira munzira yayo kuti pakupedzisira ive izere chiyero.

Kuunza IEC 62305 kune nyika

Nguva refu 62305 Standard isati yapera, Hasse akazvitora pamusoro pake kuunza uye kuwana kugamuchirwa kwayo. Ndiye aive wekutanga kuzviunza pasi nepepa rake "New Standards for Protection Against Lightning-New Series 62305" yakapihwa kuVII SIPDA kuCuritiba, Brazil muna 2003.

Kutepfenyura dzidziso dzake uye kuita kuti dzigamuchirwe aive mabasa Hasse akaakoshesa zvakanyanya. Muna 1994 ku22nd International Conference pamusoro peKudzivirirwa kweMheni muBudapest chinyorwa chake "Musimboti weKufambiswa Kwekubatanidza kweSurge Protect Devices muLow Voltage Systems" kekutanga kushandisa chirevo chekubata: "kutyisidzira kukuru kubva kumheni kwaive 10/350 waveform." Yakavimbiswa kukwezva kutariswa, izvi zvakazopinzwa mune 62305 Series. Chinyorwa chake "Musimboti une tarisiro mune ramangwana rekubatanidza kwevasungwa mune yakaderera-magetsi masystem" (etz. Magazini Issue 1, mapeji 20-23, 1995) yakatumidzwa nemazvo. Chiono chaChiremba chaHasse chakamubvumidza kufanotaura chaizvo IEC 62305's 10/350 mheni dzekudzivirira mheni anopfuura makore gumi pamberi pechokwadi.

PAMUSORO PEDU 10/350 INOenderera Mberi - nekumonyoroka kutsva
Mushandirapamwe unoenderera - neNew Twist

Dr. Hasse yemunhu 10/350 mushandirapamwe hausati wapera. Muna 2010 akanyora Chitsauko 7 chebhuku rakanzi "Mheni" rakatsikiswa neInstitute of Engineering and Technology, London, UK. Mukunyora kwaHasse dhiramu ya10 / 350 yakarova zvekare: "Pamiganhu yeLPZ 0… SPDs dzinofanirwa kushandiswa, dzinokwanisa kuburitsa magetsi emheni akasarudzika… Aya maPSD anonzi mheni dziripo zvino vanosunga (SPDs kirasi I) uye vanoedzwa nemafungu emhepo, waveform 10 / 350μs. ” Semazuva ese akaisanganisira yakawanda mifananidzo yaDehn spark gap vadziviriri.

Asi panguva ino akawedzera nhanho. Iye "akaziva" kugona kweMOV surge muchengeti kumira panzvimbo yemuparadzi "kana iyo yakatarwa dhizaini yazvino 8 / 20μs yaive kanokwana makumi maviri neshanu iyo yakatarwa 25 / 10μs kuburitsa parizvino." Semuenzaniso, kuti MOV SPD ipfuure bvunzo yakatsanangurwa ye350kA 25 / 10μs, yaizofanirwa kuiswa kune yekumanikidza yazvino ye "kanenge" 350kA 625 / 8μs. Pane chero munhu ane zano rekuti Dr. Hasse anouya nezvinhu izvi?

Iyo Hasse mune zvematongerwo enyika yakaenzana yakaenzana chinhu chave kubva pa10 kusvika 30 kusvika zero. Wobva wasvika pamakumi maviri neshanu uye ikozvino kusvika “kana makumi maviri neshanu. . Unogona kuzviona pano kurudyi. Ndiani anoziva, kana mumwe munhu akasaita chimwe chinhu nekukurumidza, zvingangoita kuti nguva inotevera paunozviona ichave mune inotevera kunyora zvakare yeIEC 25 Series.

Mushandirapamwe Wekambani Unoenderera

Dehn naSohne's 30-gore rekambani mushandirapamwe wekusimudzira iyo 10/350 waveform inoenderera nanhasi. Chirevo chinotevera kubva pawebsite yeDehn muna Nyamavhuvhu 2013 inoramba chero zano reyakaenzana chinhu. Inoti: "DEHN inotenda kuti zvakafanira kuyedza neiyo chaiyo 10/350 μs waveform ... kuyedzwa chete ne10 / 350 μs waveform ndiyo inomiririra mashandiro ekudzivirira kubva kumheni dzakananga."

chivindi

Kana paine chero munhu ari kutora iyi "pachezvayo" ndapota bvuma chokwadi chekuti ino webhusaiti haina kuitirwa kuti ive yekumhanyisa kune chero munhu chaiye kana kambani. Chinhu chayo chese kugadzirisa mamiriro ekudzivirira kwemheni. Uye kunyangwe zvingatora hushingi kuti usimuke utaure, zvinotora ushingi hwakaenzana kuti ugare pasi uteerere.

IYO 10/350 WAVEFORM -Iyo yakasara nyaya yacho
Pane zvakawanda kusvika 10/350 pane gumi ne 10

Mu "Hasse 10/350 waveform Chart" inoratidzwa kumwe kunhu unogona kuona maviri ma paramita e10 / 350 siginecha yakasimbiswa mupinki: T1 = 10μs uye T2 = 350μs. Asi iyo "10/350 waveform" yakagara iri misnomer. Tarisa zvakare kuHasse's Chart uye iwe uchaona ichisanganisira matatu mamwe ma parameter (akasimbiswa yeyero): Peak yazvino = 200 kA; Kubhadharisa (Q) = 100 coulombs; uye W / R = 10MJ / Ω.

Kwemakore anopfuura makumi matatu iyo "30/10 waveform" yaigara iri chibvumirano chepakeji. Yaigara ichisanganisira iwo mashanu ma parameter. Uye kukosha kweiyo yepamusoro yazvino (kA) yaigara yakapetwa kaviri kukosha kwechaji (coulombs). Sei? Pamwe nekuti ese mashanu eaya ma parameter aidiwa kukiya-mukushandisa kweye spark gap vadziviriri? Muverengi anogona kusarudza. Zvichakadaro, iyo CIGRE 350 mushumo haapi kutendeseka kune izvi parameter kana chero hukama hwakadai pakati pemiparamende.

Pazasi iwe une Tafura kubva kuchangobva kuitika IEC International Mheni Yemagetsi (IEC 62305-1). Iyi ndiyo hwaro iyo iyo yese IEC mheni yekudzivirira standard yakavakirwa. Pane chero chinhu chinotaridzika kujairika? (Tenderedza mbeva yako pamusoro payo kuti uone panotangira paramende yakakosha.)

Gwayana nemhumhi.

CIGRE's 2013 technical Brochure 549 yakaburitsa pachena kuti CIGRE haichakwanise kupomedzerwa pamatanho akajekeswa mune chati iri pamusoro, kusanganisira iyo 10/350 waveform pachayo. Unoyeuka here ngano yegwayana uye mhumhi? Pasi pemakushe eIEC 62305 mheni yekudzivirira mwenje iwe unowana chete makahwanda uye nzwara dzaDkt Peter Hasse.

Yasvika nguva yekuti yepasi rose dziviriro yemheni nharaunda itarisane neicho chokwadi uye ibvise kushandiswa kwekumanikidza kweaya ma parameter kubva pamatanho.

Kurwisana kweKufarira uye Kuzvidavirira

Hatiiti mhosva yekusaita zvakanaka. Hatidi kudaro. Isu tinongotaura zvakaitika. Kunyangwe dai pakange paine kutadza, zvaizotora nguva yakareba kubva zvaregererwa nemitemo yakakodzera yekumisikidzwa. Ndiyo ramangwana rakakosha, kwete zvekare.

Kurwisana kwekufarira

Zvakaoma kusafungidzira nezve ingangoita kupokana kwechido kunoitika mune ino mamiriro. Zvaive zvakanaka here kuti Managing Director webhizimusi rebhizimusi senge Dehn naSohne, kuve vachigadzira michina masikati, nehusiku, vachitora simba rakakura pamusoro pemakomiti emitemo epasirese zvekuti vaizotaura mashandisirwo emidziyo?

CIGRE's US National Committee inoshandisa Ethics Chirongwa nenzira isina maturo maitiro akadaro: "Mutemo weUS National Committee unoda kuti nhengo dzese dzidzivise kukakavara chaiko kana kuri pachena kwekufarira. Gakava chairo nderezvido zvemunhu izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa anozvimirira kuona kuti munhu ari kuitisa bhizinesi reUS National Committee haakwanise kuita sarudzo isina rusarura, kupa… kuraira asina rusarura, kutonga kwakazvimirira, kana kuve nechinangwa maererano ne… . Kukakavadzana kuri pachena kwekufarira kunoitika kana zvido zvevanhu zvingangoita kuti mucherechedzi akazvimirira abvunze kana munhu ari kuita bhizinesi akamiririra Komiti Yenyika yeUS anogona kuzviita nenzira kwayo.

Kunyangwe ichiziva kuti makomiti ematanho anofanirwa kugara achivimba nerutsigiro rwemabhizimusi emabhizimusi kuti aite basa ravo, zvinoita sekunge rumwe rudzi rwekutarisa kana basa rekuchengetedza rakarasika kwazvo mune iyi nyaya.

Kuzvidavirira

Kana iwe wakamboverenga chiyero cheIEC iwe unobva watoona maitiro ayo anogona zvese asi kuvimbisa kusimudzira kushomeka kwebasa uye kushomeka kwekuzvidavirira pane chikamu chevanyori vemiyero. Isu tinoreva izvo zvekuti IEC zviyero hazviratidze kuti ndiani akavanyora.

Chero ani anonyora chiyero, mazita avo anga ave nani pazviri kuitira kuti vagogona kuve nemhosva kana dambudziko rikakwira kumwe kunhu munzira. Uye kwete chete zita. Kune izvo zvinofanirwa kuwedzerwa kubatana kwemunhu uye ndiani ari kumubhadhara kuti apinde misangano. Chero hukama hwakavanzwa hunofanirwa kuita kuti munyori akasarudzika ave nemhosva kune yehurumende uye / kana kupomerwa mhosva.