Power Supply System (TN-C, TN-S, TN-CS, TT, IT)

Iyo yekutanga magetsi magetsi anoshandiswa mune magetsi emagetsi ekuvaka ndiwo matatu-danho matatu-tambo uye matatu-chikamu mana-waya system nezvimwe, asi chirevo chemazwi aya hachina kuomarara. International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) yagadzira mayunifomu eizvi, uye inonzi TT system, TN system, uye IT system. Ndeipi TN system yakakamurwa kuita TN-C, TN-S, TN-CS system. Izvi zvinotevera sumo pfupi kune akasiyana magetsi magetsi.

magetsi system

Zvinoenderana nenzira dzakasiyana dzekudzivirira uye mazwi anotsanangurwa neIEC, mashoma-magetsi magetsi ekuparadzira masystem akapatsanurwa kuita mhando nhatu zvichienderana nenzira dzakasiyana dzekusiya, dzinoti TT, TN, uye IT masisitimu, uye zvinotsanangurwa seinotevera.

TN-C magetsi magetsi system

Iyo TN-C modhi magetsi emagetsi system inoshandisa inoshanda yekusarerekera mutsetse seyero-yekuyambuka dziviriro tambo, iyo inogona kunzi dziviriro inorerekera mutsetse uye inogona kumiririrwa nePEN.

TN-CS magetsi magetsi system

Nezve simba renguva pfupi reTN-CS system, kana chikamu chepamberi chakapihwa simba neiyo TN-C nzira, uye kodhi yekuvaka inotsanangura kuti saiti yekuvaka inofanirwa kushandisa iyo TN-S magetsi magetsi system, iro rese rekugovera bhokisi rinogona yakakamurwa kumashure kwechikamu cheiyo system. Kunze kweiyo PE mutsara, maficha eTN-CS system ndeaya anotevera.

1) Kushanda zero mutsetse N kwakabatana neyakakosha dziviriro mutsara PE. Kana iyo isina kuenzana yazvino yetambo iri hombe, iyo zero chengetedzo yemagetsi magetsi inokanganiswa neiyo zero mutsara mukana. Iyo TN-CS system inogona kudzikisira voltage yemota dzimba pasi, asi haigone kubvisa zvachose iyi voltage. Iko kukura kweiyi voltage kunoenderana nemutoro kusaenzana kweiyo wiring uye kureba kwetambo iyi. Iyo yakanyanya kusaenzana mutoro uye iyo yakareba iyo wiring, iyo inowedzera iwo magetsi kukanzura kweiyo kifaa imba pasi. Naizvozvo, zvinotarisirwa kuti mutoro unbalance yazvino haufanire kunge wakanyanya kukura, uye kuti mutsara we PE unofanirwa kudzikiswa kakawanda.

2) Mutsetse we PE haugone kupinda mukati mekudzivirira kwekudonhedza chero mamiriro ezvinhu, nekuti iyo inodzivirira inodzivirira kumagumo kwetambo ichaita kuti kumberi kwekudonhedza mudziviriri kugumburwe uye kukonzera kukundikana kwesimba kukuru.

3) Pamusoro peiyo PE mutsara inofanirwa kuve yakabatana neN mutsara mune yakazara bhokisi, iyo N mutsara uye iyo PE mutsara haifanire kuve yakabatana mune mamwe makamuri. Hapana switch uye fuses ichaiswa pane iyo PE mutsara, uye hapana pasi rinoshandiswa sePE. mutsara.

Kuburikidza neongororo iri pamusoro, iyo TN-CS magetsi magetsi inoshandurwa kwechinguva pane iyo TN-C system. Kana iyo matatu-chikamu magetsi shanduko iri mune yakanaka inoshanda pasi mamiriro uye iwo matatu-chikamu mutoro unenge wakaenzana, mhedzisiro yeTN-CS system mukuvaka magetsi kushandiswa kuchiri kuitika. Nekudaro, mune yekusaenzanirana-nhanho-nhanhatu mitoro uye yakatsaurwa simba shanduri panzvimbo yekuvaka, iyo TN-S magetsi magetsi system inofanirwa kushandiswa.

TN-S magetsi magetsi system

Iyo TN-S modhi yemagetsi sisitimu sisitimu inopa magetsi inonyatso kupatsanura anoshanda asina kwaakarerekera N kubva kune yakatsaurwa yekudzivirira mutsara PE. Iyo inonzi iyo TN-S magetsi magetsi system. Hunhu hweTN-S magetsi emagetsi anotevera.

1) Kana iyo system ichimhanya zvakajairika, hapana chazvino pane yakatsaurwa yekudzivirira tambo, asi pane isina kuenzana yazvino pane iri kushanda zero mutsetse. Iko hakuna magetsi pamutsetse we PE kusvika pasi, saka zero kudzivirirwa kwesimbi yesimbi yemidziyo yemagetsi yakabatana kune yakakosha yekudzivirira mutsara PE, iri yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika.

2) Iyo yekusarerekera mutsara unoshandiswa unongoshandiswa seyakaenzana-chikamu mwenje mutoro wedunhu.

3) Iyo yakasarudzika yekudzivirira mutsara PE haibvumirwe kutyora tambo, uye zvakare haigone kupinda yekudonha switch.

4) Kana pasi leakage dziviriro ichishandiswa paL mutsara, iyo yekushanda zero mutsetse haifanire kugadzika pasi, uye iyo PE mutsara yakadzokorora kugadzika, asi haipfuure nepasi rekudonha mudziviriri, saka iyo yekudonha dziviriro inogona zvakare kuiswa pane iyo TN-S system magetsi magetsi L mutsara.

5) Iyo TN-S magetsi magetsi system yakachengeteka uye yakavimbika, yakakodzera kune yakaderera magetsi magetsi magetsi masisitimu senge maindasitiri uye ehurumende zvivakwa. Iyo TN-S magetsi magetsi system inofanira kushandiswa basa rekuvaka risati ratanga.

TT magetsi magetsi system

Nzira yeTT inoreva nzira yekudzivirira iyo inokonzeresa dzimba dzesimbi yemudziyo wemagetsi, iyo inonzi inodzivirira ivhu system, inonziwo TT system. Chiratidzo chekutanga T chinoratidza kuti iyo yekusarerekera poindi yemagetsi system yakadzika pasi; mucherechedzo wechipiri T unoratidza kuti chikamu chinomhanya chemutoro wechigadzirwa chisingaratidzirwe kumuviri mupenyu chakabatana zvakananga pasi, zvisinei nekuti hwaro hwakamiswa sei. Yese grounding yemutoro muTT system inonzi inodzivirira pasi. Hunhu hweiyi magetsi magetsi system ndeinotevera.

1) Kana simbi yegobvu yemidziyo yemagetsi ichinge yabhadharwa (mutsetse wedanho unobata goko kana iyo yekudzivirira midziyo yakanganisika uye inodonha), kudzivirira pasi kunogona kudzora zvakanyanya njodzi yekuvhunduka kwemagetsi. Nekudaro, yakaderera-magetsi wedunhu mabhureki (otomatiki switch) haanyatso kuenda, zvichikonzera ivhu-leakage voltage yeiyo leakage mudziyo kuti ive pamusoro kupfuura iyo yakachengeteka voltage, inova ine ngozi voltage.

2) Kana iyo yekudonha yazvino iri diki, kunyangwe fiyuzi inogona kutadza kuridza. Naizvozvo, muchengeti wekudonha anodiwa zvakare kuti udzivirire. Naizvozvo, iyo TT system inonetsa kuwedzera.

3) Iyo yekumisikidza mudziyo weiyo TT system inoshandisa yakawanda simbi, uye zvinonetsa kudzokororazve, nguva, uye zvigadzirwa.

Parizvino, mamwe mauniti ekuvaka anoshandisa iyo TT system. Kana iyo yekuvaka ichikwereta simba rayo kuti ishandise kwenguva pfupi magetsi, yakakosha tambo yekudzivirira inoshandiswa kudzikisa huwandu hwesimbi inoshandiswa pachigadziko chevhu.

Paradzanisa iyo ichangowedzerwa yakasarudzika dziviriro mutsara PE mutsara kubva kune unoshanda zero mutsetse N, unozivikanwa ne:

1 Iko hakuna kubatana kwemagetsi pakati peyakajairika grounding tambo uye inoshanda isina kwazvakarerekera mutsetse;

2 Mukushanda kwese, mutsetse unoshanda zero unogona kuve neazvino, uye tambo yakakosha yekudzivirira haina zvazvino.

3 Iyo TT system inokodzera nzvimbo uko kuchengetedza kwepasi kwakapararira zvakanyanya.

TN magetsi magetsi system

TN maitiro emagetsi emagetsi systemRudzi urwu rwemagetsi emagetsi sisitimu yekudzivirira iyo inobatanidza dzimba dzesimbi yemidziyo yemagetsi netambo isiri kushanda. Inodaidzwa kuti zero zero system uye inomiririrwa neTN. Zvimiro zvaro zvinotevera.

1) Kana chishandiso chapihwa simba, iyo zero-yekuyambuka dziviriro system inogona kuwedzera iyo leakage yazvino kune ipfupi-redunhu razvino. Iyi yazvino yakapetwa ka5.3 zvakapfuura iya yeTT system. Chaizvoizvo, icho chikamu chimwe chete-pfupi-redunhu kukanganisa uye fiyuzi yefiyuzi inoputika. Iyo yunifomu unit yeiyo yakaderera-magetsi wedunhu breaker ichakurumidza kugumbuka nekufamba, ichiita iyo yakashata chishandiso kubviswa kubva uye kuchengeteka.

2) Iyo TN system inochengetedza zvinhu uye murume-maawa uye inoshandiswa zvakanyanya munyika zhinji uye nyika muChina. Inoratidza kuti iyo TT system ine zvakawanda zvakanaka. MuTN modhi magetsi emagetsi system, iyo yakakamurwa kuita TN-C uye TN-S zvinoenderana nekuti dziviriro zero mutsetse wakaparadzaniswa kubva kune unoshanda zero mutsetse.

zvinoshanda:

Mune iyo TN system, iyo yakafumurwa conductive zvikamu zvezvinhu zvese zvemagetsi zvigadzirwa zvakabatana kune inodzivirira tambo uye zvakabatana kune yepasi poindi yemagetsi magetsi. Iyi poindi yepasi inowanzo kuve yekusarerekera poindi yesimba rekugovera system. Iyo simba system yeTN system ine poindi imwechete iyo yakadzika pasi. Icho chakafumurwa chemagetsi chinotenderera chikamu chemagetsi mudziyo chakabatana kune ino poindi kuburikidza neyekudzivirira conductor. Iyo TN system inowanzo kuve isina kwazvakarerekera-pasi matatu-chikamu gidhi system. Hunhu hwayo ndeyekuti iyo yakafumuka conductive chikamu chemagetsi michina yakabatana yakanangana nenzvimbo yevhu yeiyo system. Kana dunhu pfupi rikaitika, iyo pfupi-redunhu yazvino chiuno chakavharwa chakaumbwa netambo yesimbi. Iyo simbi-imwechete-chikamu chipfupi wedunhu inoumbwa, zvichikonzera kukwana kwakaringana pfupi-redunhu razvino kugonesa inodzivirira mudziyo kuti iite zvakavimbika kubvisa mhosva. Kana iyo yekusarerekera mutsetse (N) yakadzokororwa pasi, kana iyo kesi ipfupi-kutenderera, chikamu chemazuva ano chinogona kutamisirwa kunzvimbo inodzokororwa, izvo zvinogona kukonzeresa mudziyo wekudzivirira kutadza kushanda zvakavimbika kana kudzivirira kutadza, nokudaro kuwedzera chikanganiso. Mune iyo TN system, ndiko kuti, matatu-chikamu shanu-tambo sisitimu, iyo N-mutsara uye iyo PE-mutsetse zvakaiswa zvakasiyana uye zvakasungirirwa kubva kune mumwe nemumwe, uye iyo PE mutsara wakabatana kune iyo dzimba yemagetsi mudziyo panzvimbo iyo N-mutsara. Naizvozvo, chakanyanya kukosha chinhu chatinotarisira nezvacho kugona kweiyo PE waya, kwete kugona kweiyo N waya, saka kudzokorora kudzika muTN-S system haisi kudzokororwa pasi kweiyo N waya. Kana iyo PE mutsetse uye N mutsetse wakavakirwa pamwechete, nekuti iyo PE mutsara uye N mutsetse zvakabatana panzvimbo inodzokororwa pevhu, mutsetse uripakati pekudzokororwa nzvimbo yekumisikidza uye yekushanda pasi poindi yekuparadzira transformer haina mutsauko pakati pe PE mutsara uye iyo N mutsara. Mutsara wepakutanga ndiyo N mutsara. Iyo yekusarerekera ikozvino iyo inofungidzirwa yakagovaniswa neN mutsetse uye iyo PE mutsara, uye chikamu chemazvino chinovharirwa kuburikidza nekwakadzokororwa nzvimbo yekumisikidza. Nekuti inogona kutariswa kuti hapana PE mutsara kumberi kwenzvimbo yakadzokororwa nzvimbo, chete iyo PEN tambo ine yekutanga PE mutsara uye N mutsetse mukufanana, zvakanakira iyo yekutanga TN-S system icharasika, saka iyo PE mutsara uye N mutsetse haigone Kujairika grounding. Nekuda kwezvikonzero zviri pamusoro, zvinotsanangurwa zvakajeka mumitemo inokodzera kuti iyo yekusarerekera mutsetse (kureva N mutsetse) haifanire kugadzika pasi kasingaperi yenzvimbo yekurerekera yemagetsi.

IT system

IT modhi magetsi emagetsi system Ini ndinoratidza kuti magetsi emagetsi haana nzvimbo yekushanda, kana yakavakirwa pakakwirira impedance. Tsamba yechipiri T inoratidza kuti chikamu chemagetsi chemagetsi chiri pasi.

Iyo IT modhi magetsi emagetsi system ine kuvimbika kwakakwirira uye chengetedzo yakanaka kana magetsi magetsi daro asiri refu. Inowanzo shandiswa munzvimbo dzisingabvumirwe kudzima magetsi, kana nzvimbo dzinodiwa magetsi, senge magetsi emagetsi, makamuri ekuvhiya muzvipatara zvikuru, uye mumigodhi yepasi pevhu. Mamiriro ezvinhu emagetsi mumigodhi yepasi pevhu haana kusimba uye tambo dzinogona kunyorova. Uchishandisa iyo-inofambiswa sisitimu, kunyangwe iyo yekusarerekera poindi yemagetsi isina kuvakwa, kana mudziyo uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge uchinge wakanganisa kuenzanisa kwemagetsi emagetsi. Naizvozvo, zvakachengeteka kupfuura kwazvakarerekera pasi pasi system yemagetsi. Nekudaro, kana magetsi achishandiswa daro refu, iyo yakakamurwa capacitance yetambo yemagetsi kupasi haigone kufuratirwa. Kana iko kupfupika-kutenderera kukanganisika kana kuvuza kwemutoro kuchikonzera kuti kesi yedhijisiti ive mhenyu, iyo yenjuzu yazvino inoita nzira kuburikidza nepasi uye chishandiso chekudzivirira hachiite hazvo kuita. Izvi zvine njodzi. Chete kana simba rekupa simba risina kureba ndipo parinochengeteka. Rudzi urwu rwemagetsi haruwanzo pane ino saiti yekuvaka.

Zvinoreva mavara I, T, N, C, S

1) Muchiratidzo chemutoo wemagetsi unotaurwa neInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), tsamba yekutanga inomiririra hukama pakati pesimba remagetsi (pasi) pasi. Semuenzaniso, T inoratidza kuti iyo yekusarerekera poindi yakadzika pasi; Ini ndinoratidza kuti magetsi anowanikwa ari ega kubva pasi kana kuti imwe poindi yemagetsi yakabatana nevhu kuburikidza neakakwira impedance (semuenzaniso, 1000 Ω;) (Ini kekutanga tsamba yezwi reFrench Isolation yezwi "kuiswa kwemurwere kwake ega").

2) Tsamba yechipiri inoratidza chishandiso chemagetsi chinozivisa pasi. Semuenzaniso, T zvinoreva kuti goko rekushandisa rakavakirwa pasi. Iyo haina hukama hwakananga nechero imwe nzvimbo yekumisikidza muchirongwa. N zvinoreva kuti mutoro unodzivirirwa ne zero.

3) Tsamba yechitatu inoratidza kusanganiswa kwekushanda zero uye yekudzivirira mutsara. Semuenzaniso, C inoratidza kuti inoshanda isina kwayakarerekera mutsetse uye tambo yekudzivirira ndeimwe, senge TN-C; S inoratidza kuti iyo yekuita kwazvakarerekera tambo uye yekudzivirira tambo yakanyatsopatsanurwa, saka iyo PE mutsara unonzi wakatsaurirwa dziviriro tambo, senge TN-S.

Mune yemagetsi network, yevhu system ndiyo nzira yekuchengetedza inodzivirira hupenyu hwevanhu nemidziyo yemagetsi. Sezvo masisitimu epasi achisiyana nenyika nenyika, zvakakosha kuve nekunzwisisa kwakanaka kwemhando dzakasiyana dzeepasi masisitimu epasi rose PV akaisirwa kugona inoramba ichiwedzera. Chinyorwa ichi chakanangana nekutsvaga akasiyana masisitimu epasi sekuenderana neInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) chiyero uye kukanganisa kwavo kugadzirwa kwepasi kwemaGridhi-Akabatanidzwa PV masisitimu.

Chinangwa cheE Earthing
Earthing masystem anopa chengetedzo mashandiro nekupa iyo yemagetsi kuisirwa ine yakaderera impedance nzira kune chero kukanganisa mune yemagetsi network. Earthing inoshandawo senge poindi poindi yemagetsi sosi nemidziyo yekuchengetedza kuti ishande nemazvo.

Chinhu chemidziyo yemagetsi chinowanzoitwa nekuisa electrode muhutu hwakasimba hwepasi nekubatanidza iyi electrode kumidziyo uchishandisa kondakita. Pane fungidziro mbiri dzinogona kuitwa nezve chero epasi system.

1. Nyika inogona kuita seyakarerekera (kureva zero volts) yeakabatana masisitimu. Saka nekudaro, chero conductor inosunganidzwa neepasi electrode ichave zvakare neicho chirevo chinogona.
2. Vatengesi venzeve nedanda repasi zvinopa yakaderera-kuramba nzira pasi.

Inodzivirira Earthing
Kudzivirira kwepasi ndiko kuiswa kwevatyairi venyika vakarongedzwa kudzikisa mukana wekukuvara kubva mukukanganisa kwemagetsi mukati mechirongwa. Kana pakaitika mhosho, iyo isiri-yazvino inotakura simbi zvikamu zvegadziriro senge mafuremu, fenzi uye maburi nezvimwe zvinogona kuwana yakakwira magetsi zvine chekuita nepasi kana zvisina kuvhurwa. Kana munhu akasangana nemidziyo pasi pemamiriro akadaro, vanowana magetsi.

Kana zvikamu zvesimbi zvakabatana nepasi rinodzivirira, iko iko kukanganisa iko kuyerera kuburikidza nepasi conductor uye kunzwisiswa nemidziyo yekuchengetedza, iyo inozopatsanura zvakanaka dunhu.

Kudzivirira kwepasi kunogona kuwanikwa ne:

• Kuisa inodzivirira ivhu sisitimu iyo inodzora mativi akabatana kune yevhu yakatsiga yeiyo yekuparadzira system kuburikidza nema conductor.
• Kuisa zvakawandisa kana zvepasi zvinovhuvhuta zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira izvo zvinoshanda kudzima chikamu chakakanganiswa chekumisikidza mukati menguva yakatarwa uye nekubata magetsi emagetsi.

Anodzivirira epasi conductor anokwanisa kutakura anofungidzirwa kukanganisa azvino kwenguva iyo yakaenzana kana yakakura kupfuura inguva yekushandisa yechinhu chakabatana chinodzivirira.

Inoshanda Earthing
Mukushanda kwepasi, chero chikamu chinorarama chemidziyo (ingave '+' kana '-') chinogona kuve chakabatana neiyo yepasi system nechinangwa chekupa poindi yekunongedzera kuti ikwanise kushanda chaiko. Iwo ma conductor haana kugadzirirwa kuti akwanise kumisidzana nemhepo dzesimba Zvinoenderana neAS / NZS5033: 2014, ivhu rinoshanda rinongobvumidzwa kana paine kupatsanurana kuri nyore pakati peDC neA AC mativi (kureva muturikiri) mukati meiyo inverter.

Mhando dzekugadzirisa pasi
Kugadziriswa kwemhete kunogona kurongedzwa zvakasiyana pakugovera uye padivi remutoro uchizadzisa zvakafanana mhedzisiro. Iyo yepasi rose chiyero IEC 60364 (Kuiswa kweMagetsi kweZivakwa) kunozivisa mhuri nhatu dzevhu, dzinotsanangurwa uchishandisa tsamba-mbiri yekuzivisa yeiyo fomu 'XY'. Muchirevo chemasisitimu eAC, 'X' inotsanangura kumisikidzwa kwevasina kwazvakarerekera nevanoitisa pasi padivi rezvinhu (kureva jenareta / chinoshandura), uye 'Y' inotsanangura kusarudzika / kwepasi kurongedza padanho remutoro (kureva main switchboard uye yakabatana mitoro). 'X' uye 'Y' mumwe nemumwe anogona kutora zvinotevera hunhu:

T - Pasi (kubva kuFrance 'Terre')
N - Kwakarerekera
Ini - Ndakaparadzaniswa

Uye maseteki eaya marongero anogona kutsanangurwa uchishandisa kukosha:
S - Yakaparadzaniswa
C - Yakasanganiswa

Uchishandisa izvi, mhuri nhatu dzepanyika dzinotsanangurwa muIEC 60364 ndiTN, uko magetsi anowanikwa uye mutoro wevatengi unovhenekerwa kuburikidza nekusarerekera, TT, uko magetsi nemitoro yevatengi yakavhurwa zvakasiyana, uye IT, uko chete mutengi mutoro vakapakanyika.

TN pasi system
Pfungwa imwechete padivi renzvimbo (kazhinji kacho kwazvakarerekera poindi mune nyeredzi-yakabatana nhatu-chikamu system) yakabatana zvakananga nepasi. Chero chipi zvacho chemagetsi chakabatana nehurongwa chinovhenekerwa kuburikidza neiyo imwechete yekubatanidza poindi padivi rekunobva. Aya marudzi eepasi masisitimu anoda epasi ma electrode panguva dzakajairwa nguva mukati mekuisa.

Iyo TN mhuri ine matatu maseteti, ayo anosiyana nenzira yekuparadzanisa / kusanganisa kwepasi uye kwazvakaregedza ma conductor.

TN-S: TN-S inotsanangura kurongeka uko kwakapatsanurwa mafambisi eProtective Earth (PE) neNeutral anomhanyira kune vatengi mutoro kubva kune saiti magetsi magetsi (kureva jenareta kana shanduri). Iwo ma PE neN makondakita akaparadzaniswa mune angangoita ese matisitimu ehurongwa uye anongobatana pamwechete panowanikwa pachawo. Mhando yevhu iyi inowanzo shandiswa kune vatengi hombe vane imwe kana kupfuura maHV / LV maTransfer akatsaurirwa kumisheni yavo, ayo akaisirwa padhuze nepakati penzvimbo yemutengi.

Firi 1 - TN-S Sisitimu

TN-C: TN-C inotsanangura kurongeka uko kwakabatana Protective Earth-Neutral (PEN) kwakabatana nepasi panobva. Mhando yevhu iyi hainyanyo shandiswa muAustralia nekuda kwenjodzi dzinosanganisirwa nemoto munzvimbo dzine njodzi uye nekuda kwekuvapo kwema harmonic currents ichichiita kuti chisave chakakodzera michina yemagetsi. Uye zvakare, sekureva kweIEC 60364-4-41 - (Kudzivirirwa kwekuchengetedza- Kudzivirirwa pakurohwa nemagetsi), RCD haigone kushandiswa muTN-C system.

Firi 2 - TN-C Sisitimu

TN-CS: TN-CS inoratidzira setup uko chikamu chekupa chegadziriro chinoshandisa yakabatana PEN kondakita yekuvhuvhuta, uye chikamu chemutoro chegadziriro yacho chinoshandisa yakasarudzika conductor yePe uye N. Iyi mhando yevhu inoshandiswa mukuparadzira masisitimu. muAustralia neNew Zealand uye inowanzozivikanwa seyakawandisa pasi-kwazvakarerekera (MEN). Kune mutengi weLV, TN-C sisitimu yakaiswa pakati penzvimbo inoshandura uye nzvimbo, (iyo yekusarerekera inocherwa kanoverengeka pachikamu ichi), uye TN-S system inoshandiswa mukati meiyo pfuma pachayo (kubva ku Main switchchboard zasi ). Paunenge uchifunga nezvehurongwa hwakazara, hunobatwa seTN-CS.

Firi 3 - TN-CS Sisitimu

Uye zvakare, sekureva kweIEC 60364-4-41 - (Kudzivirirwa kwekuchengetedzwa- Kudzivirirwa nekuvhunduka kwemagetsi), uko RCD inoshandiswa muTN-CS system, conductor yePEN haigone kushandiswa padivi remutoro. Iko kubatana kweanodzivirira conductor kune PEN conductor inofanirwa kugadzirwa padivi rekunobva reRCD.

TT yepasi system
Nekugadziriswa kweTT, vatengi vanoshandisa yavo yepasi kubatana mukati meiyo nzvimbo, inozvimiririra kune chero pasi rekubatanidza padanho rekunobva. Mhando yevhu iyi inowanzo shandiswa mumamiriro ezvinhu apo panogovaniswa network sevhisi (DNSP) isingakwanise kuvimbisa yakaderera-voltage kubatana kumashure kune magetsi magetsi. TT earthing yaive yakajairika muAustralia pamberi pa1980 uye ichiri kushandiswa mune dzimwe nzvimbo dzenyika.

Iine masisitimu eTT epasi, RCD inodiwa pane ese mac AC maseketi emagetsi ekudzivirira kwakakodzera.

Sezvazviri IEC 60364-4-41, ese ari pachena maitiro eanochengetedza ayo ari pamwe anodzivirirwa neiyo imwechete yekudzivirira mudziyo ichave yakabatana neanodzivirira maconductor kune epasi electrode inozivikanwa kune ese iwo mativi.

Firi 4 - TT Sisitimu

Ivhu rekuvhuvhuta
Mune iyo IT yepasi kurongeka, panogona kunge pasina ivhu panowanikwa, kana inoitwa kuburikidza neakakwira impedance kubatana. Mhando yevhu iyi haishandisirwe pakugovera netiweki asi inowanzo shandiswa muzvimisikidzwa uye neesystem yakazvimirira-yakapihwa masystem. Aya masisitimu anokwanisa kupa kuenderera kwakanaka kwekugovera panguva yekushanda.

Firi 5 - IT Sisitimu

Zvinorehwa nePV sisitimu yepasi
Rudzi rwevhu revhu rinoshandiswa mune chero nyika rinoraira mhando yepasi system dhizaini inodiwa kune Grid-Yakabatanidzwa PV masisitimu; PV masisitimu anobatwa sejenareta (kana sosi dunhu) uye inoda kuvhurwa saizvozvo.
Semuenzaniso, nyika dzinoshandisa kushandiswa kweTT mhando yepasi kurongeka kunoda gomba rakasiyana repasi kune ese DC neAC mativi nekuda kwekugadzika kwepasi. Mukuenzanisa, munyika umo TN-CS mhando yepasi kurongeka kunoshandiswa, kungobatanidza iyo PV system kune iyo huru yekuvhuvhu bhaa mune switchboard inokwana kuzadzikisa zvinodikanwa zvevhu revhu system.

Maitiro epasi akasiyana siyana aripo pasirese uye nzwisiso yakanaka yeakasiyana masisitimu epasi anovimbisa masisitimu ePV akafuridzirwa nenzira kwayo.