Yakanakisa tsika yekushandisa Surge dziviriro michina (SPDs) uye RCD pamwechete
Mafambiro ekudzivirira ekuchengetedza (SPDs) uye maRCD
Iko mashandiro ekuparadzira emagetsi anosanganisira maRCD zviitiko zvenguva pfupi zvinogona kukonzera maRCD kushanda uye nekudaro kurasikirwa kwekuwaniswa. Midziyo yekudzivirira yekudzivirira (SPDs) inofanirwa kupihwa pazvinokwanisika kuiswa Kumusoro kwerwizi rweRCD kudzivirira kudonha kusingadiwe kunokonzerwa nekuwandisa kwenguva pfupi.
Iko kunoiswa michina yekudzivirira yekumusoro zvinoenderana neB BS 7671 534.2.1 uye iri parutivi rwechiremera chemuchina wekusara wazvino, an RCD ine hutachiona hwekuwedzera mafashama angangoita 3 kA 8/20, anoshandiswa.
ZVINOKOSHA ZVINOKOSHA // S mhando RCDs gutsa ichi chinodiwa. Muchiitiko chemafungu ekumusoro akakwira kupfuura 3 kA 8/20, iyo RCD inogona kukanganiswa ichikanganisa kukanganisa kwemagetsi.
Kana iyo SPD yakaiswa pazasi kweiyo RCD, iyo RCD inofanirwa kunge iri yenguva yakanonoka mhando ine hutachiona hwekuwedzera mafashama einenge 3kA 8/20. Chikamu 534.2.2 cheBS 7671 chinotsanangudza hushoma hunodiwa hwePSD yekubatanidza (zvinoenderana nemaSD modes ekudzivirira) pakutanga kwekuisirwa (kazhinji Rudzi rwe1 SPD).
Muchiitiko chekuti iwe hauzive nezvekushandisa kwekudzivirira kwekushandisa uye mhando, iwe zvirinani uverenge kutanga izvo zvekutanga zvemidziyo yekudzivirira.
SPD yekubatanidza mhando 1 (CT1)
Kugadziriswa kwePSD kunoenderana nerudzi rwekubatanidza 1 (CT1) ndeye TN-CS kana TN-S kuronga pasi pamwe nehurongwa hwepasi hweTT uko iyo SPD inokodzera zasi kwerwizi rweRCD.
Mufananidzo 1 - Midziyo yekudzivirira yekudzivirira (SPDs) yakaiswa padivi rekutakura reRCD
Pakati pese, maTT masisitimu anoda kutariswa kwakasarudzika nekuti iwo anowanzove neakakwira epasi mahedheni ayo anoderedza pasi kukanganisa mafashama uye inowedzera nguva dzekudambura dze Zvakawanda Zvidziviriro Zvishandiso - OCPDs.
Naizvozvo kuti uwane zvinodikanwa zvekuchengetedzwa kwakachengeteka nguva, maRCD anoshandiswa pasi rekukanganisa kudzivirirwa.
SPD yekubatanidza mhando 2 (CT2)
Kugadziriswa kwePSD kunoenderana nekubatana mhando 2 (CT2) inodikanwa pane a TT kurongeka kwepasi kana iyo SPD iri kumusoro kweiyo RCD. Iyo RCD iri pasi pezasi kwePSD yaisazoshanda kana iyo SPD ikave isina kukwana.
Mufananidzo 2 - Kuvhiya zvigadzirwa zvekudzivirira (SPDs) zvakaisirwa parutivi rweRCD
Urongwa hweSPD pano hwakagadzirirwa zvekuti maSPD anoiswa pakati pevararami vanoita (kurarama kusvika kusarerekera) pane kuitisa pakati pevararami mhenyu neanodzivirira.
Kana iyo SPD ikave nehurema zvaizoita, nekudaro, kugadzira dunhu diki razvino pane kuita pasi pazvino uye nekudaro yaizoona kuti zviyero zvekudzivirira zvakapfuura (OCPDs) zvinoenderana nePSD zvinoshanda zvakanaka mukati menguva inodikanwa yekubvisa.
Simba repamusoro SPD rinoshandiswa pakati pekusarerekera uye inodzivirira conductor. Iyi yepamusoro simba SPD (inowanzo iri spark-gap yeType 1 SPD) inodikanwa semheni dzemheni dzinomuka dzichienda kune anodzivirira conductor uye nekudaro iri rakakwira simba SPD rinoona kusvika kanokwana kana nguva yekuwedzera kweiyo SPDs yakabatana pakati pevararami vanoita.
Chirevo 534.2.3.4.3, nekudaro, chinopa zano kuti iyo SPD iri pakati pekusarerekera uye conductor inodzivirira yakapihwa kanokwana kana hukuru hweSPD pakati pevatungamiriri vapenyu.
Naizvozvo, chete kana iko kushushikana kwazvino Iimp kusinga verengeke, 534.2.3.4.3 inopa zano kuti hushoma kukosha Iimp yeiyo SPD pakati pekusarerekera uye inodzivirira conductor ndeye 50kA 10/350 ye3 chikamu CT2 kuisirwa, 4 nguva 12.5kA 10/350 yeiyo SPDs pakati pevararami vanoita.
Iyo CT2 SPD kumisikidzwa inowanzo taurwa iyo '3 + 1' kurongedzwa kwechikamu chechitatu kupa.
SPDs uye TN-CS zvigadziriso zvepasi
Iwo mashoma eSDD yekubatanidza zvinodiwa pane kana padyo nekwakatangira kuisirwa kweTN-CS system inoda kumwe kujekeserwa seChikamu 534 cheBS 7671 chinoratidzira (ona Mufananidzo 3 pazasi) Rudzi rwe1 SPD ruchidikanwa pakati pevararami nePE vatungamiriri. sezvinodiwa kune TN-S system.
Mufananidzo 3 - Kuiswa kweMhando 1, 2 uye 3 SPDs, semuenzaniso muTN-CS masisitimu
izwi 'pane kana padyo nekwatangira iko kuiswa' inogadzira kusanzwisisika kupihwa chokwadi chekuti izwi rekuti 'padhuze' haritsanangurike. Kubva pane yehunyanzvi yekutarisa, kana maSPD akaiswa mukati me 0.5m chinhambwe chePEN kupatsanurwa kupatsanura N nePE, hapana chikonzero chekuve neiyo SPD yekudzivirira modhi pakati peN ne PE sezvakaratidzwa mumufananidzo.
Kana BS 7671 ichibvumidza kushandiswa kweSPD kudivi reTN-C (utility side) yeTN-CS system (inoonekwa mune mamwe matunhu eEurope), ipapo zvinogona kuita kuti uise SPDs mukati me0.5m yePEN yakakamurwa kusvika N uye PE uye siya iyo N kune PE SPD yekudzivirira maitiro.
Zvisinei maSPD anogona kungoshandiswa chete iyo TN-S divi (yevatengi divi) yeiyo TN-CS system, uye kupihwa maSPD anowanzoiswa pane iyo huru yekuparadzira bhodhi, iyo nzvimbo pakati peiyo SPD yekumisikidza poindi uye iyo PEN kupatsanurwa kunenge kungogara kuri yakakura kudarika 0.5 m, saka pane kudiwa kwekuve nePSD pakati peN uye PE sezvinodiwa kune TN-S system.
Sezvo Type 1 SPDs yakanyatsoiswa kudzivirira njodzi yekurasikirwa nehupenyu hwevanhu (kune BS EN62305) kuburikidza nekupenya kunotyisa uko kunogona kuunza njodzi yemoto semuenzaniso, mukufarira kwekuchengetedza chete, mutongo weinjiniya ndewekuti SPD inofanira kuiswa pakati peN uye PE yeTN-CS system sezvaizoita muTN-S system.
Mukupfupisa, kusvika panosvika Chikamu 534, TN-CS masisitimu anorapwa zvakafanana neTN-S masisitimu ekusarudzwa uye kumisikidzwa kwePSDs.
Iwo mabhesiki emidziyo yekudzivirira ekuwedzera
Kuvhiya Kudzivirirwa Kudzivirirwa (SPDs) chinhu chemagetsi gadziriso yekudzivirira system. Ichi chishandiso chakabatana nemagetsi zvakafanana nemitoro (maseketi) kuti inoitirwa kuchengetedza (ona Mufananidzo 4). Iyo inogona zvakare kushandiswa pamatanho ese eanopa magetsi network.
Iyi ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa uye inonyanya kushanda mhando yekudzivirira kwekudzivirira.
Iwo musimboti weSurge Kudzivirira Kushanda
SPD dzakagadzirwa kudzikamisa kuwanda kwakapfuura nekuda kwemheni kana kushanduka uye kutsausa inoenderana inoyerera masaisai epasi, kuitira kudzikamisa izvi zvinoputika kusvika kumatanho asingatarisike kukuvadza kuiswa kwemagetsi kana michina.
Mhando dzekudzivirira kwekuchengetedza zvishandiso
Kune matatu marudzi ePSD zvinoenderana nematanho epasi rose:
Tora 1 SPD
Kudzivirirwa pakurwadziswa kwenguva pfupi nekuda kwekunanga kwemheni. Iyo Type 1 SPD inokurudzirwa kuchengetedza kumisikidzwa kwemagetsi maringe nemagetsi akasarudzika emagetsi anokonzerwa nekurova kwemheni kwakananga. Inogona kuburitsa iyo voltage kubva kumheni ichipararira kubva pasi conductor kuenda kune network network.
Type 1 SPD inozivikanwa ne 10 / 350's yazvino wave.
Mufananidzo 5 - Matatu marudzi eSPD zvinoenderana nematanho epasi rose
Tora 2 SPD
Kudzivirirwa pakurwadziswa kwenguva pfupi nekuda kwekuchinja uye zvisina kunangana mheni. Iyo Type 2 SPD ndiyo huru dziviriro sisitimu kune ese akadzika magetsi magetsi kuisa. Yakaiswa mune yega yega switchboard, inodzivirira kupararira kwehuwandu hwemagetsi mune inoiswa magetsi uye inodzivirira iyo mizhinji.
Type 2 SPD inozivikanwa ne 8 / 20's yazvino wave.
Tora 3 SPD
Type 3 SPD inoshandiswa yekudzivirirwa kwenzvimbo yekutakura zvinhu. Aya maSPD ane yakaderera kuburitsa inokwana. Ivo vanofanirwa saka kungoisirwa chete sekuwedzera kune Rudzi rwechipiri SPD uye padyo nemitoro yakaoma. Ivo anowanikwa zvakanyanya seyakaomeswa-wired 'zvishandiso (zvinowanzobatanidzwa neRudzi rwechipiri SPDs kuti ishandiswe mune yakatarwa maficha).
Nekudaro, izvo zvinosanganisirwa mu:
- Surge yakadzivirirwa masokisi ekuburitsa
- Surge yakadzivirirwa inotakurika masokisi zvitoro
- Telecoms uye Dziviriro yedata
