Isicelo se-1500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic
Ukunciphisa izindleko nokusebenza okwandayo bekulokhu kuyisiqondiso semizamo yabantu bakagesi
Umkhuba we-1500VDC nokukhethwa okungenakugwemeka kohlelo lobunye
Ukwehlisa izindleko nokusebenza okwandayo bekulokhu kuyisiqondiso semizamo yabantu bakagesi. Phakathi kwabo, iqhaza lezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe liyisihluthulelo. Ngo-2019, ngemixhaso esheshayo yaseChina, i-1500Vdc inethemba elikhulu.
Ngokuya ngemininingwane ye-IHS evela kunhlangano yocwaningo nokuhlaziya, uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc lwaqala ukuphakanyiswa ngo-2012, kanti iFirstSolar yatshala isitshalo sokuqala samandla kagesi se-1500Vdc emhlabeni ngo-2014. NgoJanuwari 2016, iphrojekthi yokuqala yokubonisa yasekhaya eyi-1500Vdc iGolmud Sunshine Qiheng New Energy IGolmud 30MW Photovoltaic Power Generation Project yayixhunywe ngokusemthethweni kwi-grid yokukhiqiza ugesi, okukhomba ukuthi uhlelo lwasekhaya lwe-1500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic selungene ngempela esigabeni sezicelo ezinkulu zokubonisa. Eminyakeni emibili kamuva, ngo-2018, ubuchwepheshe be-1500Vdc busetshenziswe ezingeni elikhulu nasemhlabeni jikelele. Phakathi kweqoqo lesithathu lamaphrojekthi ahamba phambili asekhaya aqala ukwakhiwa ngo-2018, iphrojekthi yeGolmud enentengo ephansi kakhulu yebhidi (0.31 yuan / kWh), kanye namaphrojekthi we-GCL Delingha neChint Baicheng bonke sebemukele ubuchwepheshe be-1500Vdc. Uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lwendabuko lwe-1000Vdc photovoltaic, uhlelo lwe-11500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic lusetshenziswe kabanzi muva nje. Ngemuva kwalokho singaba nemibuzo enjalo kalula:
Kungani ukhulisa amandla kagesi kusuka ku-1000Vdc kuye ku-1500Vdc?
Ngaphandle kwe-inverter, ingabe ezinye izinto zikagesi zingamelana namandla aphezulu we-1500Vdc?
Luphumelela kangakanani uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc ngemuva kokusetshenziswa?
1. Izinzuzo nezinkinga zobuchwepheshe zohlelo lokusebenza lwe-1500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic
ukuhlaziywa kwenzuzo
1) Nciphisa inani lebhokisi lokuhlangana nekhebula le-DC
Ku- "Code for Design of Photovoltaic Power Plants (GB 50797-2012)", ukufaniswa kwamamojula we-photovoltaic nama-inverters kufanele kuthobele ifomula elandelayo: Ngokuya ngefomula engenhla kanye nemingcele efanele yezingxenye, uchungechunge ngalunye lohlelo lwe-1000Vdc ngokuvamile izingxenye ezingama-22, ngenkathi intambo ngayinye yohlelo lwe-1500Vdc ingavumela izingxenye ezingama-32.
Ukuthatha i-module engu-285W 2.5MW yokukhiqiza amandla kanye ne-string inverter njengesibonelo, uhlelo lwe-1000Vdc:
Izintambo ezingama-408 photovoltaic, amapheya angama-816 esisekelo senqwaba
34 amasethi 75kW string inverter
Uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc:
Ama-280 ama-photovoltaic amaqembu wezintambo
Izimbili ezingama-700 zezinqwaba
Amasethi ayi-14 ama-inverters entambo angama-75kW
njengoba inani lezintambo lincishisiwe, inani lezintambo ze-DC ezixhunywe phakathi kwezingxenye nezintambo ze-AC phakathi kwezintambo nama-inverters lizoncishiswa.
2) Nciphisa ukulahleka komugqa we-DC
= P = IRI = P / U
Increases U unyuka ngo 1.5 izikhathi → ngiba (1 / 1.5) → P ngibe 1 / 2.25
∵ R = ρL / S DC ikhebula L iba ngu-0.67, izikhathi ezingu-0.5 kunezokuqala
∴ R (1500Vdc) <0.67 R (1000Vdc)
Ngokufingqa, i-1500VdcP yengxenye ye-DC icishe ibe ngu-0.3 izikhathi eziyi-1000VdcP.
3) Nciphisa inani elithile lobunjiniyela nokwehluleka
Ngenxa yokwehla kwenani lamakhebuli e-DC namabhokisi okuhlangana, inani lamakhebula ekhebula nentambo yebhokisi lokuhlangana elifakwe ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa lizoncishiswa, futhi la maphuzu amabili athambekele ekuhlulekeni. Ngakho-ke, i-1500Vdc inganciphisa isilinganiso esithile sokwehluleka.
4) Nciphisa utshalomali
Ukukhuphula inani lezinto ezihamba ngentambo eyodwa kunganciphisa izindleko ze-watt eyodwa. Umehluko omkhulu yinani lezisekelo zenqwaba, ubude bekhebuli ngemuva kokuhlangana kweDC, nenombolo yamabhokisi okuhlangana (phakathi nendawo).
Ngokuhlobene nohlelo lwezintambo ezingama-22 zohlelo lwe-1000Vdc, isikimu sezintambo ezingama-32 sohlelo lwe-1500Vdc singagcina cishe amaphuzu ayi-3.2 / W wezintambo nezisekelo zenqwaba.
Ukuhlaziywa kobubi
1) Izidingo zemishini ezengeziwe
Uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lwe-1000Vdc, i-voltage inyuke yaya ku-1500Vdc inomthelela omkhulu kuma-breaker wesekethe, amafyuzi, amadivayisi wokuvikela umbani nokushintsha amandla kagesi, nokubeka phambili izidingo eziphakeme zokumelana namandla kagesi nokuthembeka, futhi intengo yeyunithi yemishini izokwenyuka .
2) Izidingo zokuphepha eziphakeme
Ngemuva kokuthi amandla kagesi enyukile aya ku-1500Vdc, ubungozi bokuwohloka kukagesi buyanda, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukiswe ukuvikelwa kokufakwa kwegesi kanye nemvume kagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kwenzeka ingozi ngasohlangothini lwe-DC, izobhekana nezinkinga ezinkulu zokuqothulwa kwe-arc DC. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc lukhulisa izidingo zokuphepha kohlelo.
3) Khulisa amathuba okuba nomphumela we-PID
Ngemuva kokuthi amamojula we-photovoltaic exhunywe ochungechungeni, ukuvuza kwamanje okwenziwe phakathi kwamaseli emodyuli yamandla aphezulu kanye nomhlabathi kuyimbangela ebalulekile yomphumela we-PID. Ngemuva kokuthi amandla kagesi enyukile esuka ku-1000Vdc aya ku-1500Vdc, kusobala ukuthi umehluko wamandla kagesi phakathi kweseli nomhlabathi uzokwanda, okuzokhulisa amathuba okuba nomphumela we-PID.
4) Khulisa ukulahleka okufanayo
Kukhona ukulahleka okuthile kokufana phakathi kwezintambo ze-photovoltaic, ikakhulu okubangelwa yilezi zizathu ezilandelayo:
- Amandla wefektri wamamojula we-photovoltaic ahlukile azoba nokuphambuka kwe-0 ~ 3%. Ukuqhekeka okwenziwe ngesikhathi sokuhamba nokufakwa kuzodala ukuphambuka kwamandla.
- Ukwehliswa okungalingani nokuvimba okungalingani ngemuva kokufakwa nakho kuzodala ukuphambuka kwamandla.
- Ngenxa yezici ezingenhla, ukwandisa intambo ngayinye kusuka ezingxenyeni ezingama-22 kuye ezingxenyeni ezingama-32 ngokusobala kuzokwandisa ukulahleka okuhambisanayo.
- Ukuphendula izinkinga ezingenhla ze-1500V, ngemuva kweminyaka ecishe ibe mibili yocwaningo nokuhlola, izinkampani zemishini nazo zenze ukuthuthuka okuthile.
Okwesibili, i-1500Vdc photovoltaic system yemishini eyinhloko
1. Imodyuli ye-Photovoltaic
IFirst Solar, Artus, Tianhe, Yingli, nezinye izinkampani zihole ekusunguleni amamojula we-1500Vdc photovoltaic.
Kusukela isitshalo sokuqala samandla we-1500Vdc photovoltaic saqedwa ngo-2014, ivolumu yesicelo yezinhlelo ze-1500V iqhubekile nokukhula. Iqhutshwa yilesi simo, izinga le-IEC liqale ukufaka imininingwane ehlobene ne-1500V ekusetshenzisweni kwezinga elisha. Ngo-2016, i-IEC 61215 (ye-C-Si), i-IEC 61646 (yamafilimu amancane), kanye ne-IEC61730 yizindinganiso zokuphepha ezingaphansi kuka-1500V. Lawa mazinga amathathu ahambisana nezidingo zokuhlolwa kokusebenza nokuphepha kohlelo lwengxenye ye-1500V futhi aphula isithiyo sokugcina sezimfuneko ze-1500V, okukhuthaza kakhulu ukuhambisana kwamazinga esiteshi sikagesi se-1500V.
Njengamanje, abakhiqizi bomugqa wokuqala wasekhaya base-China sebethule imikhiqizo evuthiwe eyi-1500V, kufaka phakathi izinto ezinamacala amabili, izingxenye ezinamacala amabili, izingxenye ezinengilazi ezimbili, futhi bathole isitifiketi esihlobene ne-IEC.
Ukuphendula inkinga ye-PID yemikhiqizo eyi-1500V, abenzi abakhona njengamanje bathatha izinyathelo ezimbili ezilandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-PID kwezakhi ze-1500V nezinto ezijwayelekile ze-1000V zihlala kulelo zinga elifanayo.
1) Ngokwenza ngcono ibhokisi le-junction nokwenza ngcono ukwakheka kwengxenye yezakhi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zebanga le-1500V nezindawo zokususwa;
2) Ubukhulu bezinto zasemuva benyuka ngama-40% ukukhulisa ukwahlukanisa nokuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwezinto;
Ngomphumela we-PID, umkhiqizi ngamunye uqinisekisa ukuthi ngaphansi kohlelo lwe-1500V, ingxenye isalokhu iqinisekisa ukuthi ukuncishiswa kwe-PID kungaphansi kuka-5%, kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusebenza kwe-PID kwento ejwayelekile kuhlala ezingeni elifanayo.
2. I-Inverter
Abakhiqizi baphesheya kwezilwandle abanjengoSMA / GE / PE / INGETEAM / TEMIC bavame ukwethula izixazululo ze-inverter ze-1500V cishe ngonyaka we-2015. angabokuqala ukukhishwa emakethe yase-US.
I-NB / T 32004: 2013 iyindinganiso okufanele imikhiqizo ye-inverter yasekhaya ihlangabezane nayo lapho imakethwa. Ububanzi obusebenzayo bezinga elibukeziwe i-inverter ye-photovoltaic grid-exhunywe exhunywe kwisekethe yomthombo we-PV ngevolthi engeqi ku-1500V DC kanye nogesi we-AC wokukhipha ongadluli ku-1000V. Izinga ngokwalo selivele lifaka uhla lwe-DC 1500V futhi linikeza izidingo zokuhlolwa kokuvotelwa kwesifunda kwe-PV, imvume kagesi, ibanga le-creepage, imvamisa yamandla okumelana namandla kagesi, nezinye izivivinyo.
3. Ibhokisi elihlanganisayo
Izindinganiso zebhokisi le-combiner nedivayisi ngayinye esemqoka sezilungile, kanti i-1500Vdc ifake isitifiketi sebhokisi le-combiner standard CGC / GF 037: 2014 “Photovoltaic combiner equipment specifications technical”.
4. Ikhebula
Njengamanje, izinga le-1500V lezintambo ze-photovoltaic nalo selingenisiwe.
5. Ukuvikelwa kokushintshwa nombani
Emkhakheni we-photovoltaic esikhathini se-1100Vdc, amandla okukhipha we-inverter afinyelela ku-500Vac. Ungaboleka isistimu ejwayelekile yokushintsha ukusatshalaliswa kwe-690Vac nemikhiqizo esekelayo; kusuka ku-380Vac voltage kuye ku-500Vac voltage, ayikho inkinga yokufanisa switch. Kodwa-ke, ekuqaleni konyaka ka-2015, yonke imboni ye-photovoltaic namandla okusabalalisa ibingenawo amaswishi okusabalalisa amandla ka-800Vac / 1000Vac nokunye ukucaciswa, okuholele ebunzimeni bokuxhasa wonke umkhiqizo nezindleko eziphakeme zokusekela.
Incazelo ephelele
Uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc photovoltaic selusetshenziswe kabanzi phesheya kwezilwandle futhi seluvele lusebuchwephesheni bokusebenza obuvuthiwe emhlabeni jikelele.
Ngakho-ke, okokusebenza okuyinhloko kohlelo lwe-photovoltaic kufinyelele ekukhiqizeni ngobuningi, futhi intengo yehle kakhulu ngokuqhathaniswa nesigaba sokubonisa ngo-2016.
Isicelo se-1500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic
Njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc photovoltaic selusetshenziswe phesheya ngo-2014 ngenxa yezindleko zalo eziphansi nokukhiqizwa kwamandla okuphezulu.
Isicelo se-Global 1500Vdc ecaleni lokuhlola uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic
Ilanga lokuqala lamemezela ngoMeyi 2014 ukuthi isitshalo sokuqala sikagesi esingu-1500Vdc esakhiwa eDeming, eNew Mexico sasetshenziswa. Umthamo ophelele wesiteshi samandla ngu-52MW, ukuhlelwa okungu-34 kwamukela isakhiwo se-1000Vdc, futhi ukuhlelwa okusalele kwamukela isakhiwo se-1500Vdc.
I-SMA imemezele ngoJulayi 2014 ukuthi isitshalo sayo samandla kagesi esingu-3.2MW esakhiwe epaki lezimboni iSandershauser Berg eNiestetal, eKassel, enyakatho neJalimane sisetshenzisiwe, kanti le ndawo esebenza ngogesi isebenzisa uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc.
I-1500Vdc isetshenziswe kabanzi kumaphrojekthi wezindleko eziphansi
Njengamanje, i-LSP ithuthuke ngempumelelo I-T1 + T2 Class B + C, Class I + II PV yokwanda kokuvikela i-SPD 1500Vdc, 1200Vdc, 1000Vdc, 600Vdc zisetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhiqizeni amandla elanga nge-photovoltaic.
Isicelo esikhulu se-1500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic
Ngokokuqala ngqa, iphrojekthi yokukhiqiza amandla kagesi i-Fu An Hua Hui eVietnam eyi-257 MW ihlanganiswe ngempumelelo kwi-grid. Zonke izixazululo ezihlanganisiwe ze-1500V zeziqukathi zohlobo lwe-inverter step-up zisetshenziselwe ukufeza ngempumelelo ukwamukelwa kusuka ekwakhiweni, ekwakhiweni nasekuxhumaneni kwegridi. Le phrojekthi itholakala eHuahui Town, eFuhua County, esifundazweni sasePhu An, eVietnam, futhi ingezindawo ezisogwini ezisenkabeni naseningizimu. Ngokubheka imvelo yendawo kanye nomnotho wephrojekthi, ikhasimende lephrojekthi ekugcineni lakhetha isisombululo esihlanganisiwe se-1500V yohlobo lwe-container.
Isixazululo esithembekile
Kuphrojekthi yesiteshi samandla kagesi se-photovoltaic, amakhasimende anezidingo eziqinile zokwakhiwa kanye nekhwalithi yomkhiqizo. Umthamo wokufakwa kwephrojekthi ohlangothini lwe-DC lwephrojekthi yi-257 MW, enziwe ngamasethi ayi-1032 wamabhokisi wokuhlanganisa we-1500V DC, amasethi angama-86 ama-inverters aphakathi kwe-1500Vdc 2.5MW, amasethi angama-43 ama-5MVA ombane aphakathi ombane kanye nezixazululo ezihlanganisiwe ezihlanganisiwe yamakhabethe enethiwekhi yezindandatho, okwenza kube lula Ukufakwa nokuthunyelwa kunganciphisa umjikelezo wokwakha futhi kunciphise izindleko zohlelo.
Isixazululo se-1500V siletha ndawonye "ubuchwepheshe obukhulu"
Isixazululo esididiyelwe se-1500V se-container-type inverter boost sinezici ze-1500V, uhlu olukhulu lwesikwele, isilinganiso samandla aphakeme, inverter yamandla amakhulu, ukukhushulwa kwe-inverter okuhlanganisiwe, njll., Okunciphisa izindleko zemishini enjengezintambo namabhokisi okuhlangana. Kwehlisiwe izindleko zokuqala zokutshala imali. Ikakhulu, ukuklanywa kwesilinganiso samandla aphakeme kuthuthukisa ngempumelelo isilinganiso sokusetshenziswa komugqa wokukhulisa konke futhi kusetha isilinganiso esifanele samandla ngokuhlinzekwa okuthe xaxa kokusebenza ukwenza uhlelo lwe-LCOE lusebenze kahle.
Isixazululo se-1500VDC sisetshenziswa kumaphrojekthi we-photovoltaic angaphezu kwe-900MW eVietnam. IVietnam Fu An Hua Hui 257MW iphrojekthi ye-photovoltaic iphrojekthi enkulu kunazo zonke yesiteshi samandla se-photovoltaic. Njengeqoqo lokuqala lamaphrojekthi amasha wokubonisa amandla eVietnam, ngemuva kokuthi iphrojekthi iqale ukusebenza, izokwandisa ukwakheka kwamandla kweVietnam, inciphise inkinga yokushoda kukagesi eningizimu yeVietnam, futhi ikhuthaze ukuthuthukiswa komnotho nezenhlalo eVietnam Okubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngabe isicelo se-1500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic sisekude kakhulu?
Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-1000Vdc photovoltaic system esetshenziswa kakhulu eziteshini zamandla ze-photovoltaic, ucwaningo lwe-1500Vdc application ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic oluholwa abakhiqizi be-inverter muva nje lube yindawo eshisayo yezobuchwepheshe embonini.
Kulula ukuba nemibuzo enjengale:
Kungani uphakamisa amandla kusuka ku-1000Vdc kuye ku-1500Vdc?
Ngaphandle kwe-inverter, ingabe ezinye izinto zikagesi zingamelana namandla aphezulu we-1500Vdc?
Ingabe kukhona osebenzisa uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc manje? Unjani umphumela?
Izinzuzo zobuchwepheshe kanye nokungahambi kahle kohlelo lokusebenza lwe-1500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic
1. Inzuzo Yokuhlaziywa
1) Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamabhokisi okuhlanganisa nezintambo ze-DC. Intambo ngayinye yohlelo lwe-1000Vdc imvamisa iyizinto ezingama-22, ngenkathi intambo ngayinye yohlelo lwe-1500VDC ingavumela izingxenye ezingama-32. Thatha iyunithi yokukhiqiza amandla engu-265W module 1MW njengesibonelo,
Uhlelo lwe-1000Vdc: izintambo ze-photovoltaic eziyi-176 namabhokisi we-combiner ayi-12;
Uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc: izintambo ze-photovoltaic eziyi-118 namabhokisi we-combiner ayi-8;
Ngakho-ke, inani lezintambo ze-DC kusuka kumamojula we-photovoltaic kuya ebhokisini lokuhlanganisa cishe izikhathi ezingama-0.67, futhi inani lezintambo ze-DC ezisuka ebhokisini elihlanganisayo liye ku-inverter cishe izikhathi ezingama-0.5.
2) Nciphisa ukulahleka komugqa we-∵P loss = I2R cable I = P / U
IncreasesU inyuka ngezikhathi ezi-1.5 → ngiba (1 / 1.5) → P ukulahlekelwa kube ngu-1 / 2.25
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhebula le-R = ρL / S, i-L yekhebula le-DC iba ngu-0.67, izikhathi ezingu-0.5 zangempela
Ikhebuli ye-(R (1500Vdc) <0.67R ikhebula (1000Vdc)
Ngokufingqa, ukulahleka kwe-1500VdcP kwengxenye ye-DC kumayelana nezikhathi ezingama-0.3 zokulahleka kwe-1000VdcP.
3) Nciphisa inani elithile lobunjiniyela nokwehluleka
Njengoba inani lezintambo ze-DC namabhokisi e-combiner lincishisiwe, inani lamajoyinti wekhebula kanye ne-wiring box wiring efakwe ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa izoncishiswa, futhi la maphuzu amabili athambekele ekuhlulekeni. Ngakho-ke, i-1500Vdc inganciphisa isilinganiso esithile sokwehluleka.
2. ukuhlaziywa kokubi
I-1) Ukukhuphuka kwezidingo zemishini Uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lwe-1000Vdc, ukukhuphula amandla kagesi kuye ku-1500Vdc kunomthelela omkhulu kuma-breaker wesekethe, amafiyuzi, izibani zombani, nokushintsha amandla kagesi, futhi kubeka phambili izidingo zamandla kagesi aphezulu nokwethembeka. ngcono.
2) Izidingo zokuphepha eziphakeme Ngemuva kokuthi i-voltage yenyuswe yaya ku-1500Vdc, ingozi yokonakala kukagesi nokukhishwa kuyanda ukuze ukuvikelwa kokufakwa kwagesi nokuvunyelwa kukagesi kuthuthukiswe. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma kwenzeka ingozi ngasohlangothini lwe-DC, izobhekana nenkinga enkulu yokucima i-arc DC. Ngakho-ke, uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc liphakamisa izidingo zohlelo lokuvikela ukuphepha.
3) Ukwandisa umphumela we-PID ngemuva kokuthi amamojula we-PV exhunywe ochungechungeni, ukuvuza kwamanje okwenziwe phakathi kwamaseli wamamojuli aphezulu namandla komhlaba yisizathu esibalulekile somphumela we-PID (ukuthola incazelo eningiliziwe, sicela uphendule ku- “103 ”Ngemuva). Ngemuva kokuthi amandla kagesi enyukile esuka ku-1000Vdc aya ku-1500Vdc, kuyacaca ukuthi umehluko wamandla kagesi phakathi kwe-chip yebhethri nomhlabathi uzokhula, okuzokhulisa amathuba okuba nomphumela we-PID.
4) Ukwandisa ukulahleka okuhambisanayo Kukhona ukulahleka okuthile okuhambisanayo phakathi kwezintambo ze-photovoltaic, okubangelwa ikakhulu yizizathu ezilandelayo:
Amandla wefektri wamamojula we-photovoltaic ahlukile azoba nokuphambuka kwe-0 ~ 3%.
Ukuqhekeka okufihliwe okwenziwe ngesikhathi sokuhamba nokufakwa kuzodala ukuphambuka kwamandla
Ukwehliswa okungalingani nokuvikelwa okungalingani ngemuva kokufakwa nakho kuzodala ukuphambuka kwamandla.
Ngenxa yezici ezingenhla, ukwandisa intambo ngayinye kusuka ezingxenyeni ezingama-22 kuye ezingxenyeni ezingama-32 ngokusobala kuzokwandisa ukulahleka okuhambisanayo.
3. Ukuhlaziywa okuphelele Ekuhlaziyweni okungenhla, ingakanani i-1500Vdc engaqhathaniswa ne-1000Vdc engathuthukisa ukusebenza kwezindleko, futhi kudingeka ezinye izibalo.
Isingeniso: Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-1000Vdc photovoltaic system esetshenziswa kakhulu ezitshalweni zamandla ze-photovoltaic, ucwaningo lwe-1500Vdc application ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic oluholwa abakhiqizi be-inverter selube yi-hotspot yezobuchwepheshe embonini muva nje. Lapho-ke singaba nemibuzo enjalo kalula.
Okwesibili, okokusebenza okuyisisekelo kohlelo lwe-photovoltaic ku-1500Vdc
1) Amamojula we-Photovoltaic Njengamanje, i-FirstSolar, i-Artes, iTrina, i-Yingli, nezinye izinkampani seziqalise amamojula we-1500Vdc photovoltaic, kufaka phakathi amamojula ajwayelekile namamojula wengilazi aphindwe kabili.
2) Inverter Okwamanje, abakhiqizi abakhulu sebethule ama-inverters we-1500Vdc anomthamo we-1MVA ~ 4MVA, asetshenziswe eziteshini zamandla wokubonisa. Izinga lamandla we-1500Vdc limbozwe amazinga afanele we-IEC.
3) Amazinga wamabhokisi ezihlanganisi nezinye izinto ezibalulekile Amabhokisi ama-Combiner nezinto eziyisihluthulelo sezilungisiwe, kanti i-1500Vdc ingene kwizinga elijwayelekile le-CGC / GF037: 2014 “Imininingwane Yezobuchwepheshe Yezisetshenziswa Ezihlanganisiwe ze-Photovoltaic”; I-1500Vdc icacisiwe ngamazinga amaningi e-IEC njengengxenye yesigaba seziqondiso zamandla kagesi aphansi, njengezindinganiso zesekethe ezihamba phambili i-IEC61439-1 ne-IEC60439-1, amafusiksi akhethekile we-photovoltaic IEC60269-6, kanye namadivayisi wokuvikela umbani okhethekile we-photovoltaic EN50539-11 / -12 .
Kodwa-ke, njengoba uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc photovoltaic lusasesigabeni sokubonisa futhi isidingo semakethe sinqunyelwe, imishini eshiwo ngenhla ayikaqali ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi.
Isicelo se-1500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic
1. Isikhungo Sikagesi iMacho Springs
IFirstsolar yamemezela ngoMeyi 2014 ukuthi isiteshi sokuqala sikagesi se-1500Vdc saqedwa eDeming, eNewMexico saqala ukusetshenziswa. Umthamo ophelele wesiteshi samandla ngu-52MW, ama-arrays angama-34 asebenzisa isakhiwo se-1000Vdc, futhi ukuhlelwa okusele kusetshenziswa isakhiwo se-1500Vdc.
I-SMA yamemezela ngoJulayi 2014 ukuthi isikhungo sayo samandla kagesi esingu-3.2MW eSandershauser Bergindustrialpark, okuyipaki lezimboni eNiestetal, eKassel, enyakatho neJalimane, sesizosetshenziswa. Isikhungo samandla sisebenzisa uhlelo lwe-1500Vdc.
2. Amacala okusebenza eChina
IGolmud Sunshine Qiheng New Energy Golmud 30MW Photovoltaic Project
NgoJanuwari 2016, iphrojekthi yokuqala yasekhaya ye-1500Vdc photovoltaic yamandla kagesi, iGolmud Sunshine Qiheng New Energy Golmud 30MW photovoltaic grid-connected power projekthi, yayixhunywe ngokusemthethweni kwi-grid yokukhiqiza amandla, imaka ukuthi uhlelo lwasekhaya lwe-1500Vdc photovoltaic selungene empeleni isigaba sangempela sokufaka isicelo.
Ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo ye-photovoltaic ehlobene ne-1500V sekuvele kuyinto
Izingxenye ze-Photovoltaic nemishini kagesi ezinhlelweni zamanje zelanga ze-photovoltaic zenzelwe futhi zenziwa ngokususelwa kuzidingo zamandla kagesi we-DC we-1000V. Ukuze kuzuzwe isivuno esingcono sezinhlelo ze-photovoltaic, intuthuko iyadingeka ngokuphuthumayo esimweni sokwehliswa kwemixhaso ye-photovoltaic ngezindleko zayo zokukhiqiza amandla nokusebenza kahle. Ngakho-ke, ukwakhiwa kwemikhiqizo ye-photovoltaic ehlobene ne-1500V sekuyinto eyejwayelekile. Izinto ze-1500V high-voltage kanye nezinto ezisekela ugesi kusho izindleko eziphansi zohlelo nokusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla. Ukwethula lo mshini omusha nobuchwepheshe kungenza imboni ye-photovoltaic kancane kancane isuse ukuncika kumxhaso futhi ifinyelele ukulingana okuku-inthanethi kusenesikhathi. Izidingo ze-1500V zamamojula we-solar photovoltaic, ama-inverters, amakhebuli, amabhokisi wokuhlanganisa, nokwenza uhlelo lusebenze kahle ”
Imishini esemqoka efanelekile yohlelo lwe-1500V ikhonjisiwe ngenhla. Izidingo ze-1500V zedivayisi ngayinye nazo zishintshile ngokufanele:
Ingxenye ye-1500V
• Ukuhlelwa kwezakhi kuyashintshwa, okudinga ibanga eliphakeme lezinto ezingene
• Izinguquko zezinto ezihlanganiswayo, okwandayo kwempahla kanye nezidingo zokuhlolwa kwendiza yangemuva;
• Izidingo ezengeziwe zokuhlolwa kokufakwa kwezinto, ukumelana namandla kagesi, ukuvuza okumanzi, nokushaya kwenhliziyo;
• Izindleko zezingxenye empeleni ziyisicaba futhi ukusebenza kuyathuthukiswa;
• Okwamanje kunamazinga e-IEC wezinto zohlelo lwe-1500Vdc. Njenge-IEC 61215 / IEC 61730;
• Izakhi zohlelo lwe-1500Vdc zabakhiqizi abakhulu zidlulise izitifiketi ezifanele kanye nokuhlolwa kokusebenza kwe-PID.
Ikhebula le-1500V DC
• Kunokwehluka kwe-insulation, ubukhulu be-sheath, i-ellipticity, ukumelana ne-insulation, ukunwebeka okushisayo, isifutho sikasawoti, nokuhlolwa kwentuthu, kanye nokuhlolwa kokushiswa ngogongolo.
Ibhokisi lokuhlanganisa le-1500V
• Izidingo zokuhlolwa zamandla kagesi kanye nebanga le-creepage, amandla wevolthi yamandla kanye nomfutho wokumelana namandla we-voltage nokumelana;
• Kunokwehluka kwababamba umbani, abaphuli besekethe, amafiyuzi, izintambo, imithombo yokuzenzela, ama-anti-reverse diode, nezixhumi;
• Amazinga amabhokisi ezihlanganisi nezinto ezisemqoka sezikhona.
Inverter engu-1500V
• Ababamba umbani, ama-breaker wesekethe, amafyuzi, namandla kagesi ahlukile;
• Ukuvimbela, ukuvulwa kukagesi, nokuchithwa kokonakala okubangelwe ukukhuphuka kwamandla;
• Izinga lamandla kagesi angu-1500V limbozwe amazinga afanele e-IEC.
Uhlelo lwe-1500V
Ekudizayineni kwezintambo zohlelo lwe-1500V, izingxenye zentambo ngayinye yohlelo lwe-1000V zazivame ukuba yi-18-22, futhi manje uhlelo lwe-1500V luzokhulisa kakhulu inani lezinto ochungechungeni luye ku-32-34, okwenza izintambo eziningi zibe ngaphansi futhi zibe yi ngokoqobo.
Uhlelo lwamanje lokuphehla amandla kagesi, i-DC-side voltage 450-1000V, AC-side voltage 270-360V; Uhlelo lwe-1500V, inani lezinto ezihamba ngentambo eyodwa lenyuke ngo-50%, DC-side voltage 900-1500V, AC-side 400-1000V, hhayi kuphela ukwehla komugqa ohlangothini lwe-DC Ukwehla komugqa ohlangothini lwe-AC kwehle kakhulu. Izidingo ze-1500V zezinto, ama-inverter, amakhebuli, amabhokisi wokuhlanganisa, nokwenza ngcono uhlelo
Ngokuya ngama-inverters, i-1MW inverters esezingeni eliphakathi yayisetshenziswa esikhathini esedlule, futhi manje inganwetshwa iye kuma-inverter we-2.5MW ngemuva kokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-1500V; futhi voltage ukalwe ohlangothini AC luyanda. Abaguquli bamandla afanayo nohlangothi lwe-AC Okwehlisiwe kokukhishwa kwamanje kusiza ukunciphisa izindleko ze-inverter.
Ngokubala okuphelele, ngemuva kokuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kohlelo lwe-1500V, izindleko zohlelo jikelele zingancishiswa cishe ngamasenti amabili, futhi ukusebenza kahle kohlelo kungathuthukiswa ngo-2%. Ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kohlelo lwe-2V kusiza kakhulu ukunciphisa izindleko zohlelo.
Ngokusebenzisa uhlelo lwe-1500V, inani lezinto ochungechungeni liyakhula, inani lokuxhuma okufanayo liyancipha, inani lezintambo liyancipha, kanye nenani lamahlanganisi kanye nama-inverters anciphile. I-voltage yanda, ukulahleka kuncishisiwe, futhi ukusebenza kahle kuyathuthukiswa. Umthwalo osetshenzisiwe wokufaka nokugcina wehlise nezindleko zokufaka nezokulungisa. Lokhu kunganciphisa izindleko zamanani kagesi we-LCOE.
Umkhuba omkhulu! Uhlelo lwe-1500V photovoltaic lusheshisa ukufika kwenkathi yobunye
Ngo-2019, ngezinguquko ezinqubweni ze-photovoltaic, imboni ifuna ukuthenga izindleko zikagesi, futhi kuyindlela engenakugwemeka ukufinyelela ekufinyeleleni kwe-Intanethi okungabizi. Ngakho-ke, ukuqamba kwezobuchwepheshe kungukuthuthuka, ukunciphisa izindleko zikagesi nokunciphisa ukuncika koxhaso sekuyindlela entsha yokuthuthuka okunempilo komkhakha we-photovoltaic. Ngasikhathi sinye, iChina, njengomkhiqizi ohamba phambili emhlabeni wemboni ye-photovoltaic, isize amazwe amaningi ukuthola ukulingana kwi-Intanethi, kepha kusekude kakhulu nobunye obuku-Intanethi ngezizathu ezahlukahlukene.
Isizathu esikhulu esenza ukuthi imakethe yezithombe zaphesheya kwezilwandle ikwazi ukufeza ukulingana ukuthi ngaphezu kwezinzuzo zaseChina maqondana nezezimali, umhlaba, ukufinyelela, ukukhanyisa, amanani kagesi, njll., Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu nezifundo ezifundwayo ukuthi iChina ingaphezulu kuthuthukile. Isibonelo, uhlelo lwe-photovoltaic olunamandla ka-1500V. Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ehlobene nezinga lamandla kagesi ayi-1500V isibe yisixazululo esijwayelekile semakethe yaphesheya yezithombe. Ngakho-ke, ama-photovoltaics asekhaya kufanele futhi agxile emisha ezingeni lesistimu, asheshise ukusetshenziswa kwe-1500V nobunye ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe, abone ukwehliswa kwezindleko, ukusebenza kahle, nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yeziteshi zamandla, futhi athuthukise ngokuphelele imboni ye-photovoltaic ukuze iye enkathini yobunye.
Igagasi le-1500V selishanele umhlaba
Ngokombiko we-IHS, ukusetshenziswa kokuqala okuhlongozwayo kohlelo lwe-1500V kubuyela emuva onyakeni ka-2012. Ngo-2014, iFirstSolar yatshala imali esikhungweni sokuqala sikagesi se-1500V se-photovoltaic. Ngokuya ngesibalo seFirstSolar: Isiteshi samandla se-photovoltaic esingu-1500V sinciphisa inani lamasekethe afanayo ngokwandisa inani lamamojula we-photovoltaic ochungechunge; kunciphisa inani lamabhokisi okuhlangana nezintambo; ngasikhathi sinye, lapho i-voltage yanda, ukulahleka kwekhebula kuyancipha ngokuqhubekayo, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqizwa kwamandla kohlelo kuyathuthukiswa.
Ngo-2015, umkhiqizi we-inverter ohola phambili waseChina i-Sunshine Power wahola ekukhuthazeni izixazululo zohlelo ngokususelwa kumklamo we-inverter we-1500V embonini, kodwa ngoba ezinye izinto ezisekelayo azikaze zenze uchungechunge oluphelele lwezimboni e-China, futhi izinkampani zokutshala imali zikwazi okuncane ngalokhu, Esikhundleni sokubeka phambili ukunwetshwa kwezilwandle ngemuva kokukhuthazwa okukhulu kwasekhaya, iqale “yanqoba” umhlaba yabe isibuyela emakethe yaseChina.
Ngokombono wemakethe yomhlaba wonke, uhlelo lwe-1500V lube yisimo esidingekayo kumaphrojekthi amakhulu we-photovoltaic ukunciphisa izindleko nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle. Emazweni anezintengo eziphansi zikagesi ezifana neNdiya neLatin America, iziteshi zamandla amakhulu ze-photovoltaic ground cishe zonke zamukela izikimu zokubhida ze-1500V; amazwe anezimakethe zamandla athuthukile eYurophu nase-United States aseshintshe amandla kagesi ka-DC asuka kuma-1000V photovoltaic systems aya ku-1500V; izimakethe ezisafufusa ezifana neVietnam kanye neMpumalanga Ephakathi zingene ngqo ezinhlelweni ze-1500V. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iphrojekthi ye-1500-volt GW-level photovoltaic isetshenziswa umhlaba wonke futhi isethe kaninginingi irekhodi lomhlaba wonke ngamanani kagesi we-ultra-low on-grid.
E-United States, umthamo ofakiwe wemishini ye-1500Vdc ngo-2016 waba ngu-30.5%. Ngo-2017, yayiphindwe kabili yaya kuma-64.4%. Kulindeleke ukuthi lesi sibalo sizofinyelela ku-84.20% ngo-2019. Ngokusho kwenkampani yendawo ye-EPC: “Isiteshi ngasinye esisha sikagesi se-7GW minyaka yonke sisebenzisa i-1500V. Isibonelo, isiteshi sokuqala samandla amakhulu se-photovoltaic e-Wyoming, esisanda kuxhunywa kugridi, sisebenzisa isisombululo se-inverter samandla elanga we-1500V.
Ngokwezibalo, uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lwe-1000V, ukunciphisa izindleko nokukhuphuka kahle kwe-1500V kubonakala ikakhulu ku:
1) Inani lezinto ezixhunywe ochungechungeni likhuphukile lisuka kumabhuloki / izintambo ezingama-24 laya kumabhuloki / izintambo ezingama-34, kunciphisa inani lezintambo. Ngokunjalo, ukusetshenziswa kwezintambo ze-photovoltaic kwehle ngama-48%, futhi izindleko zemishini efana namabhokisi e-combiner nayo yehliswe cishe nge-1/3, futhi izindleko zehliswe cishe nge-0.05 yuan / Wp;
2) Ukwanda kwenani lezinto ezikuchungechunge kunciphisa izindleko zohlelo lokusekelwa, isisekelo senqwaba, ukwakhiwa, nokufakwa cishe nge-0.05 yuan / Wp;
3) Amandla kagesi axhunywe ngegridi wohlelo lwe-1500V andisiwe esuka ku-540V aya ku-800V, amaphuzu axhunywe ngegridi ancishisiwe, futhi ukulahleka kohlelo lwe-AC neDC kungancishiswa ngo-1 ~ 2%.
I-4) Ngokwesimo esivuthiwe semakethe yaphesheya kwezilwandle, amandla aphelele we-sub-array eyodwa angakhelwa ukuthi abe yi-6.25MW ezinhlelweni ze-1500V, futhi aze afike ku-12.5MW kwezinye izindawo. Ngokwandisa umthamo we-sub-array eyodwa, izindleko zemishini ye-AC njengama-transformer ingancishiswa.
Ngakho-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lwendabuko lwe-1000V, uhlelo lwe-1500V lunganciphisa izindleko ngo-0.05 ~ 0.1 yuan / Wp, futhi ukukhiqizwa kwamandla uqobo kungakhuphuka ngo-1 ~ 2%.
Ukuphindaphindwa ngemakethe yasekhaya “engaba khona” engu-1500Vdc
Uma kuqhathaniswa nemakethe yamazwe omhlaba, eminyakeni yokuqala yomkhakha wamaShayina we-photovoltaic, ngenxa yokuthengiswa okungavuthiwe komkhakha wezobuchwepheshe, uhlelo lwe-1500V lwaqala ukubambezeleka futhi ukukhula kwalo kwahamba kancane. Zimbalwa kuphela izinkampani ezihola phambili njengeSunshine Power eseziqedile i-R & D nezitifiketi. Kepha ngokukhuphuka kohlelo lwe-1500V emhlabeni wonke, imakethe yasekhaya ilusebenzise ngokunenzuzo, futhi izuze imiphumela emihle ekuthuthukiseni nasekuvuseleleni izinhlelo nezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-1500V:
- NgoJulayi 2015, inverter yokuqala eyodwa eyi-1500V eyenziwe futhi yakhiqizwa yiSunshine Power eChina yaqedela ngempumelelo isivivinyo sokuxhuma kwegridi futhi yavula isandulela sobuchwepheshe be-1500V emakethe yasekhaya.
- NgoJanuwari 2016, iphrojekthi yokuqala yokubonisa amandla yokukhiqiza amandla kagesi eyi-1500V yaxhunywa kugridi yokukhiqiza ugesi.
- NgoJuni 2016, kuphrojekthi yokuqala yomholi wasekhaya waseDatong, ama-inverters aphakathi nendawo asetshenziswa ngamaqoqo.
- Ngo-Agasti 2016, i-Sunshine Power yahola ekusunguleni i-inverter yokuqala ye-1500V yezwe, nokuqhubekisela phambili ukuncintisana kwamazwe ngamazwe kwama-inverters we-photovoltaic asekhaya.
Ngawo lowo nyaka, iphrojekthi yokuqala yokubeka uphawu lwe-photovoltaic system yaseChina yayixhunywe ngokusemthethweni kugridi yokukhiqiza amandla eGolmud, eQinghai, okukhomba ukuthi uhlelo lwasekhaya lwe-1500Vdc photovoltaic seluqalile ukungena emkhakheni wokusebenza ngokoqobo. Umthamo ophelele wesiteshi samandla ngu-1500MW. I-Sunshine Power inikeza izixazululo eziphelele zale phrojekthi, inciphisa izindleko zokutshala imali ngekhebula ngo-30%, izindleko ze-20 yuan / Wp, nokunciphisa kakhulu ukulahleka kwe-AC ne-DC ohlangothini kanye nokulahleka kwe-transformer low voltage side.
I-1500V isibe yisisekelo semakethe yomhlaba
Uhlelo lwe-1500V, olunokwehliswa kwezindleko nokusebenza kahle, kancane kancane lube ukhetho lokuqala lweziteshi ezinkulu zikagesi zomhlaba. Mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwesikhathi esizayo kwezinhlelo ze-1500V, i-IHS ibikezela ukuthi isabelo sama-inverters we-1500V sizoqhubeka nokukhuphukela ku-74% ngo-2019 futhi sizonyukela ku-84% ngo-2020, sibe yimboni eyinhloko.
Ngokombono wamandla afakiwe we-1500V, bekuyi-2GW kuphela ngonyaka we-2016 futhi yeqe i-30GW ngo-2018. Ithole ukukhula okungaphezulu kokuphindwe izikhathi eziyi-14 eminyakeni emibili nje kuphela, futhi kulindeleke ukuthi igcine inkambiso yokukhula ngesivinini esiphezulu. Kulindeleke ukuthi ukuthunyelwa okuqoqayo ngo-2019 nango-2020 kube inani elizodlula i-100GW. Kumabhizinisi aseChina, iSunshine Power ifake ngaphezu kwe-5GW yama-inverters we-1500V emhlabeni jikelele futhi inezinhlelo zokwethula izintambo zochungechunge ezithuthuke kakhulu ze-1500V kanye nama-inverters asezingeni eliphakathi ngo-2019 ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esikhula ngokushesha esifakwe emakethe.
Ukukhulisa amandla kagesi we-DC kuya ku-1500V ushintsho olubalulekile ekwehliseni izindleko nasekusebenzeni kahle okwandayo, futhi manje sekuyisixazululo esijwayelekile sokuthuthuka kwamazwe ngamazwe kwe-photovoltaic. Ngenkathi yokwehla komxhaso nobunye eChina, uhlelo lwe-1500V luzophinda lusetshenziswe kakhulu eChina, kusheshiswe ukufika kwenkathi ephelele yaseChina
Ukuhlaziywa kwezomnotho kohlelo lwe-1500V photovoltaic
Kusuka ku-2018, akunandaba phesheya noma kwasekhaya, inani lesicelo sohlelo lwe-1500V luya ngokuya lukhula futhi lukhulu. Ngokwezibalo ze-IHS, ivolumu yesicelo ye-1500V yeziteshi ezinkulu zamandla angaphandle zakwamanye amazwe kudlule ama-50% ngonyaka we-2018; ngokwezibalo zokuqala, phakathi kweqoqo lesithathu labagijimi bangaphambili ngo-2018, inani lezicelo ze-1500V laliphakathi kuka-15% no-20%.
Ngabe uhlelo lwe-1500V lungazinciphisa ngempumelelo izindleko zikagesi zephrojekthi? Leli phepha lenza ukuhlaziywa okuqhathaniswayo kwezomnotho kwamazinga kagesi amabili ngokusebenzisa izibalo zethiyori kanye nedatha yangempela yamacala.
I. Isikimu sokuklama esiyisisekelo
Ukuze uhlaziye izinga lezindleko zohlelo lokusebenza lwe-1500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic, uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuklama lusetshenziselwa ukuqhathanisa izindleko zephrojekthi nezindleko zesistimu engu-1000V yendabuko.
1. isisekelo sokubala
1) Isiteshi samandla aphansi, indawo eyisicaba, umthamo ofakiwe awukhawulelwe ngendawo yomhlaba;
2) Izinga lokushisa eleqile kanye nokushisa okuphansi ngokwedlulele kwendawo yephrojekthi kuzobhekwa ngokuya ngo-40 ℃ no -20 ℃.
3) Amapharamitha ayisihluthulelo wezinto ezikhethiwe nama-inverters akhonjiswa kuthebula elingezansi.
2. Isikimu sokuklama esiyisisekelo
1) 1000V uchungechunge design scheme
Amamojula we-photovoltaic anhlangothi zombili angama-22 310W akha igatsha elingu-6.82kW, amagatsha ama-2 akha uhlu oluyisikwele, amagatsha angama-240 esewonke angama-120 square arrays, futhi angena kuma-inverters angama-20 75kW (amahlandla ayi-1.09 okusatshalaliswa ngokweqile ohlangothini lweDC, inzuzo emuva) Ukucabangela 15%, kungukuhlinzekwa okuphindwe izikhathi eziyi-1.25 ukwenza iyunithi yokukhiqiza u-1.6368MW.
Ingxenye ifakwa ngokuvundlile ngokuya ngo-4 * 11, nangaphambili kubakaki abalungisiwe abaphambili nabangemuva.
2) 1500V uchungechunge design scheme
Amamojula we-photovoltaic anhlangothi zombili angama-34 310W akha igatsha le-10.54kW, amagatsha ama-2 akha i-matrix eyisikwele, amagatsha angama-324 anenani elilinganayo lama-square angu-162, futhi ama-inverter ayi-18 175kW afakiwe (amahlandla ayi-1.08 okusatshalaliswa ngokweqile ohlangothini lweDC, inzuzo ku emuva Uma ubheka i-15%, kungukuhlinzekwa okuphindwe kaningi okungu-1.25) ukwakha iyunithi yokukhiqiza u-3.415MW.
Ingxenye ifakwa ngokuvundlile ngokuya ngo-4 * 17, nangaphambili kubakaki abalungisiwe abaphambili nabangemuva.
Okwesibili, umthelela we-1500V kutshalomali lokuqala
Ngokwesikimu sokuklama esingenhla, ukuhlaziywa okuqhathaniswayo kwenani lobunjiniyela nezindleko zohlelo lwe-1500V nohlelo lwendabuko lwe-1000V lumi kanjena.
Ithebula 3: Ukwakhiwa kotshalomali kohlelo lwe-1000V
Ithebula 4: Ukwakhiwa kotshalomali kohlelo lwe-1500V
Ngokuhlaziywa kokuqhathanisa, kutholakala ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lwendabuko lwe-1000V, uhlelo lwe-1500V lusindisa cishe u-0.1 yuan / W wezindleko zesistimu.
Okwesithathu, umthelela we-1500V ekukhiqizeni amandla
Isisekelo sokubala:
Kusetshenziswa izinto ezifanayo, ngeke kube khona umehluko ekwenziweni kwamandla ngenxa yokwehluka kwezakhi; uma kucatshangwa indawo eyisicaba, ngeke kube khona ukuvaleka kwesithunzi ngenxa yezinguquko zomhlaba;
Umehluko ekukhiqizeni ugesi ikakhulu ususelwa ezicini ezimbili: ukulahleka okungafani phakathi kwezingxenye nezintambo, ukulahleka komugqa we-DC, kanye nokulahleka komugqa we-AC.
1. ukungafani kokulahleka phakathi kwezinto nezintambo
Inani lezinto ezilandelanayo zegatsha elilodwa lenyusiwe lisuka ku-22 laya ku-34. Ngenxa yokuphambuka kwamandla ± 3W phakathi kwezingxenye ezahlukahlukene, ukulahleka kwamandla phakathi kwezakhi zohlelo lwe-1500V kuzokhula, kepha akunakubalwa ngokwenani.
Inani lezindlela zokungena ze-inverter eyodwa lenyusiwe lisuka ku-12 laya ku-18, kepha inani lezindlela zokulandelela ze-MPPT ze-inverter lenyusiwe lisuka ku-6 laya ku-9 ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amagatsha ama-2 ahambelana ne-1 MPPT. Ukulahleka kwe-MPPT akukhuphuki.
2. Ukulahleka kwe-DC ne-AC
Ifomula yokubala yokulahleka kolayini
Ukulahleka kwe-Q = I2R = (P / U) 2R = ρ (P / U) 2 (L / S)
1) Ukubalwa kokulahleka komugqa we-DC
Ithebula: Isilinganiso sokulahleka komugqa se-DC segatsha elilodwa
Ngokusebenzisa izibalo zethiyori ngenhla, kutholakala ukuthi ukulahleka kolayini we-DC kohlelo lwe-1500V kuphindwe izikhathi ezingama-0.765 kunaleso sohlelo lwe-1000V, okulingana nokunciphisa ukulahleka komugqa we-DC ngama-23.5%.
2) Ukubalwa kokulahleka komugqa we-AC
Ithebula: Isilinganiso sokulahleka komugqa we-AC se-inverter eyodwa
Ngokwezibalo ezingenhla zethiyori, kutholakala ukuthi ukulahleka kolayini we-DC kohlelo lwe-1500V kuphindwe izikhathi ezingama-0.263 kunaleso sohlelo lwe-1000V, okulingana nokunciphisa ukulahleka komugqa we-AC ngama-73.7%.
3) Imininingwane yangempela yamacala
Njengoba ukulahleka okungafani phakathi kwezakhi kungenakubalwa ngobuningi, futhi imvelo uqobo ibhekeke kakhulu, icala langempela lizosetshenziselwa enye incazelo.
Le ndatshana isebenzisa idatha yangempela yokwenziwa kwamandla kwenqwaba yesithathu yephrojekthi yomgijimi wangaphambili. Isikhathi sokuqoqwa kwedatha sivela ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni 2019, ingqikithi yezinyanga ezi-2 zedatha.
Ithebula: Ukuqhathaniswa kokukhiqizwa kwamandla phakathi kwezinhlelo eziyi-1000V nezingu-1500V
Kusuka etafuleni elingenhla, kungatholakala ukuthi endaweni efanayo yephrojekthi, kusetshenziswa izinto ezifanayo, imikhiqizo yabakhiqizi be-inverter, kanye nendlela efanayo yokufaka ubakaki, ngoMeyi kuya kuJuni 2019, amahora wokukhiqiza amandla wohlelo lwe-1500V ayengu-1.55% ngaphezulu kohlelo lwe-1000V.
Kungabonakala ukuthi yize ukwanda kwenani lezinto ezihamba ngentambo eyodwa kuzokwandisa ukulahleka okungafani phakathi kwezinto ngoba kunganciphisa ukulahleka komugqa we-DC cishe ngama-23.5% kanye nokulahleka komugqa we-AC cishe ngo-73.7%, uhlelo lwe-1500V lungakhuphula ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwephrojekthi.
Okwesine, ukuhlaziywa okuphelele
Ngokuhlaziywa okungenhla, singathola ukuthi uma kuqhathaniswa nohlelo lwendabuko lwe-1000V, uhlelo lwe-1500V,
1) Ingonga cishe u-0.1 yuan / W izindleko zesistimu;
2) Noma ukukhuphuka kwenani lezinto ezihamba ngentambo eyodwa kuzokhulisa ukulahleka kokungafani phakathi kwezinto, kepha ngoba kunganciphisa ukulahleka komugqa we-DC cishe ngama-23.5% nokulahleka komugqa we-AC cishe ngo-73.7%, uhlelo lwe-1500V luzokwandisa ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kwephrojekthi.
Ngakho-ke, isicelo se-1500Vdc ohlelweni lwe-photovoltaic izindleko zamandla zingancishiswa ziye ezingeni elithile.
Ngokusho kukaDong Xiaoqing, umongameli we-Hebei Energy Engineering Institute, ngaphezu kwama-50% wezinhlelo zokuklanywa kwephrojekthi ye-photovoltaic eziphothulwe yisikhungo ezikhethwe yi-1500V; kulindeleke ukuthi isabelo sikazwelonke se-1500V seziteshi zamandla aphansi ngonyaka we-2019 sizofinyelela ku-35%; kuzophinde kwandiswe ngonyaka we-2020.
IHS Markit, inkampani yezokwazisa eyaziwayo emhlabeni jikelele, yanikeza isibikezelo sethemba. Embikweni wabo wokuhlaziywa kwemakethe we-1500V global photovoltaic, baveze ukuthi isikali somshini wokutshala amandla kagesi we-1500V sizodlula i-100GW eminyakeni emibili ezayo.
Umfanekiso: Isibikezelo sesilinganiso se-1500V eziteshini zamandla omhlaba zomhlaba
Ngaphandle kokungabaza, njengoba inqubo yokukhishwa kwemali esezingeni lomkhakha we-photovoltaic ishesha, nokuphishekela izindleko zikagesi, i-1500V, njengesisombululo sobuchwepheshe esinganciphisa izindleko zikagesi, kuzosetshenziswa kakhulu.
