Ukuvikelwa kombani nokuqhuma kwesiteshi sesisekelo sezingcingo ze-5G namasayithi weseli
Ukuvikelwa kombani nokuqhuma kwamasayithi weseli
Qinisekisa ukutholakala kwenethiwekhi nokusebenza okuthembekile
Ukwanda kwesidingo sobuchwepheshe be-5G kusho ukuthi sidinga amandla wokudlulisa aphezulu nokutholakala kwenethiwekhi okungcono.
Izindawo zamasayithi amasha zihlala zenzelwe le njongo - ingqalasizinda ekhona yenethiwekhi iyalungiswa futhi iyanwetshwa. Akungatshazwa ukuthi amasayithi amaseli kufanele athembeke. Akekho ongakwazi noma ofuna ukubeka engcupheni ukwehluleka kwabo noma ukusebenza okunomkhawulo.
Kungani uzihlupha ngombani nokuvikelwa kokuqhuma?
Ukuvezwa obala kwamamashi omsakazo angomahamba nendlwana kubenza babe sengozini yeziteleka zombani eziqonde ngqo ezingakhubaza izinhlelo. Ukulimala kaningi kubangelwa nokuqubuka, isb. Uma kwenzeka imibani eseduze.
Esinye isici esibalulekile ukuvikela abasebenzi abasebenza ohlelweni ngesikhathi sokuduma kwezulu.
Qinisekisa ukutholakala kokufakwa nezinhlelo zakho - vikela izimpilo zabantu
Umqondo ophelele wokuvikela umbani nokuqhuma unikeza ukuvikelwa okuhle nokutholakala kohlelo oluphakeme.
Imininingwane yabasebenza ngenethiwekhi yeselula
Engikubeka phambili kakhulu - ukugcina amanethiwekhi wokuxhumana ngamaselula eqhubeka nokusebenza. Ngiyazi ukuthi lokhu kungenzeka kuphela uma kukhona ukuvikelwa komhlaba kanye nombani nokuvikelwa kokuqhuma. Izicelo zami zivame ukudinga izixazululo ezenzelwe ukukala nokuhlolwa kwesistimu. Yiziphi izinketho zami?
Lapha uzothola imiqondo yokuvikela eqondene nohlelo oluthile, izixazululo zomkhiqizo ezilungiselelwe kanye nolwazi ngezinsizakalo zobunjiniyela nezokuhlola ukuvikela ngokuthembekile amasistimu akho.
Ulwazi oluhlanganisiwe lwabasebenza ngenethiwekhi yeselula
Ukutholakala kwenethiwekhi engami - Ukuphepha kokufakwa kwakho nezinhlelo
I-Digitalisation iqhubeka ngokugcwele: Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe ihamba ngejubane le-breakneck futhi ishintsha indlela esixhumana ngayo, sisebenze, sifunde futhi siphile ngayo.
Amanethiwekhi eselula atholakalayo kakhulu wezinsizakalo zesikhathi sangempela njengokushayela okuzimele noma ingqalasizinda yokukhiqiza ehlakaniphile (ukusikwa kwenethiwekhi ye-5G) kudinga ukuvikelwa okukhethekile kwemishini yomsakazo weselula. Njengo-opharetha, uyazi ukuthi ukwehluleka kwalawo manethiwekhi, isib. Ngenxa yeziteleka zombani noma ama-surge, kaningi kuba nemiphumela emibi kwezomnotho.
Okuseqhulwini okuphezulu ngakho-ke ukuvimbela ukuphuma nokugcina ukutholakala kwenethiwekhi okuthembekile.
Imiqondo ethile yokuvikelwa isho ukutholakala kohlelo oluphakeme
Iziteleka zombani eziqondile zibeka engcupheni ethile izingongolo zomsakazo wezingosi zamaseli ngoba lezi zivame ukufakwa ezindaweni eziveziwe.
Umqondo wokuvikela wenzelwe uhlelo lwakho ukuvumela ukuthi uhlangabezane nezinhloso zakho zokuvikela, njengokutholakala kohlelo nokuvikela abasebenzi bakho.
Ukuhlanganisa kuphela izingxenye zezinhlelo zokuqeda umhlaba kanye nezinhlelo zokuvikela umbani zangaphandle ezinombani wamanje kanye nababambi bokukhuphuka lapho ufinyelela khona ukuphepha okudingayo
- Ngokuvikela ukuvikela abasebenzi
- Qinisekisa ukuphepha nokutholakala okuphezulu kokufakwa nezinhlelo
- Thobela futhi uhlangabezane nezimfuneko zemithetho, imithethonqubo kanye namazinga.
Sebenzisa umqondo wokuvikela osebenzayo okubandakanya izinyathelo zesiza seseli, isiteshi somsakazo nenhloko yomsakazo ekude.
Izicelo
Gwema izingozi ezingadingekile futhi usebenzise umqondo wokuvikela osebenzayo okubandakanya izinyathelo zesiza samaseli, isiteshi somsakazo kanye nenhloko yomsakazo ekude.
I-LSP ivikela amasayithi weseli
Vikela okokuhambisa ophahleni kanye nemibhoshongo yokuxhumana ngocingo.
Ingqalasizinda yamabhilidi akhona ivame ukusetshenziswa lapho kufakwa izinto zokuhambisa ophahleni. Uma uhlelo lokuvikela umbani seluvele lufakiwe, indawo yeseli iyahlanganiswa kuyo.
Uma kudingeka uhlelo olusha lokuvikela umbani, kungakuhle ufake uhlelo lokuvikela umbani olukude. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi ibanga lokwehlukana ligcinwa futhi livimbela izingxenye ezizwelayo zomsakazo weselula ekulondolozeni umonakalo ngenxa yemisinga yombani.
I-LSP ivikela amasayithi weseli (AC)
Ukuvikelwa kwesiteshi somsakazo
Njengomthetho, isiteshi somsakazo sinikezwa ngentambo kagesi ehlukile - ezimele kulo lonke ibhilidi. Ulayini wokuphakela indawo yeseli engezansi kwemitha nakwebhodi le-AC sub-distribution enhla nomsakazo wesiteshi somsakazo kufanele uvikelwe ngombani ofanele njengamanje kanye nababambi bokuqhuma.
Vimbela ukukhubeka kokuhlupheka kwamafyuzi wesistimu
Ingqalasizinda ekuhlinzekelweni kwamandla amakhulu kanye nohlelo kuvikelwe ngababanjiwe abahlanganisiwe abazamile (abahlanganisiwe njengamanje kanye nababoshwayo).
Amadivayisi wokuvikela we-LSP anokulandela okuphezulu kakhulu kokulandela ukuqothulwa kwamanje nemikhawuko. Lokhu kugwema ukukhubeka kophazamiso lwamafomu wesistimu azonqamula izingosi zamaseli. Okwakho, lokhu kusho ukutholakala kwesistimu ephezulu kakhulu.
Sibonga ukonga isikhala kumklamo ohlangene
Ukusebenza okugcwele ngobubanzi bamamojula ajwayelekile ayi-4 kuphela! Ngokwakhiwa kwayo okuhlanganisiwe, uchungechunge lwe-FLP12,5 lunendawo ephelele engama-50 kA (10/350 XNUMXs). Ngale mingcele yokusebenza, njengamanje iyisiboshwa esihlangene esincane kunazo zonke emakethe.
Le divayisi ihlangabezana nezidingo eziphezulu zomthamo wamanje wokukhipha umbani ngokuya nge-IEC EN 60364-5-53 kanye nezimfuneko ze-IEC EN 62305 eziphathelene nesigaba se-LPS I / II.
Kuwo wonke umuntu kuyasebenza - Ukuzimela komphakeli
Uchungechunge lwe-FLP12,5 lwenzelwe ngokukhethekile izidingo emkhakheni womsakazo weselula. Lokhu kubanjwa kungasetshenziswa yonke indawo ngaphandle kokuphakela. Isekethe layo elingu-3 + 1 livumela ukuvikelwa okuthembekile kwezinhlelo ze-TN-S ne-TT.
Imininingwane yabafaki
Noma ngabe kungaphezulu kophahla noma amaseli afakwe insika - ngivame ukuphoqeleka ukuzivumelanisa nezimo zesakhiwo lapho ngifaka umbani futhi ngiphakamisa amadivayisi okuvikela. Ngakho-ke, ngidinga izixazululo ezitholakala ngokushesha futhi okulula ukuzifaka.
Lapha uzothola izincomo zomkhiqizo zokuvikela amasayithi amaseli nezinhlelo zokudlulisa umsakazo kanye nemininingwane ekhethekile yezinkampani ezivikela umbani. Ufushane ngesikhathi? Ngosizo lomqondo we-LSP, ungaba nombono ophelele wombani nokuvikela okwenzelwe wena.
Ulwazi oluhlanganisiwe lwabafaki
Inethiwekhi yeselula esheshayo - yonke indawo
Amanethiwekhi omsakazo omakhalekhukhwini nawo ayathinteka ngokwanda kwedijithali nezimfuno ezengeziwe, ngokushesha. Ukunwetshwa kwenethiwekhi okusheshayo kudinga mashi amasha omsakazo namasayithi amaningi ophahla ophahleni.
Vele, izinhlelo ezintsha ngokushesha sezisebenza, zingcono. Lokhu kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela nemikhiqizo esebenzayo ukuze isetshenziswe ngokushesha.
Izixazululo ezingokoqobo - Ukusekelwa okunekhono
Kuhlela
Ukuhlela kaningi kuthatha isikhathi futhi kufaka ucwaningo oluningi. Yenza lula lesi sigaba ngokukhiphela ngaphandle ukuhlelwa kombani nokuvikelwa kokukhuphuka. Ngomqondo we-LSP uthola uhlelo oluphelele lwephrojekthi kufaka phakathi imidwebo ye-3D nemibhalo.
Ukufakwa
Ngesikhathi sokuqaliswa, uzuza kakhulu emikhiqizweni ekhulelwe kahle, evivinyiwe nehloliwe. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukufakwa okusheshayo nokulula.
izintambo zifakwe izintambo zangaphambili futhi izikulufu zivikelekile kusivalo ukuze zingakwazi ukuwa. Ibhokisi libuye lifake ukubonga okuhle kusivalo ngokuvikela ukuwa.
Imininingwane yabahlinzeki bemishini
Izidingo zezindawo ezintsha zesiza zamaseli zanda njalo. Izinhlelo ezintsha, ezilungiselelwe ngamandla nokusebenza, zidinga imiqondo yokuvikela yokwenziwa kokulinganisa. Ngakho-ke, ngidinga izixazululo ezikhethekile osayizi wazo, ukusebenza kwazo nezindleko zazo ezenzelwe kahle izidingo zami.
Lapha uzothola imininingwane mayelana nezicelo zokuyilwa nezisombululo ze-PCB ngazinye.
Ukuvikelwa kombani nokuqhuma kwamasayithi weseli njengoba i-5G isondela
Umngcele wanamuhla onqenqemeni lomhlaba wezokuxhumana uza ngendlela yobuchwepheshe be-5G, isizukulwane sesihlanu samanethiwekhi weselula, azoletha isivinini sedatha eshesha kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa namanethiwekhi wedatha weselula we-3G no-4G.
Isidingo esandayo sobuchwepheshe be-5G emhlabeni wonke siletha isidingo samandla aphezulu okudlulisa nokutholakala kwenethiwekhi okungcono. Ukuphendula, izindawo ezintsha zamaseli zihlala zenzelwe le njongo futhi ingqalasizinda ekhona yenethiwekhi iyalungiswa futhi iyanwetshwa. Ngokusobala, amasayithi amaseli kufanele athembeke - akekho opharetha ofuna ukufaka engcupheni ukwehluleka kwenethiwekhi noma ukusebenza okunqunyelwe. Abathengi bafuna isivinini esiphakeme kanye nezinsizakalo ezisheshayo, ezinokwethenjelwa, futhi i-5G iletha isithembiso sezixazululo ezidingekayo njengoba abahlinzeki bezingcingo beqhubeka nokuqhuba izilingo futhi belungiselela amanethiwekhi abo ukubhekana nokwanda okukhulu kwesidingo sokuxhumana. I-5G, noma kunjalo, idinga utshalomali olukhulu kubuchwepheshe, ngezindleko ezinkulu, futhi kusobala ukuthi lokhu kudinga ukuvikelwa kuzakhi.
Lapho sibheka noma iyiphi indawo yokuxhumana ngocingo, sidinga ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuphelele kumbani, kufaka phakathi ukuthi kungenzeka ukuthi kube nesiteleka esiqondile kule mishini ebucayi kakhulu, kanye nemiphumela yayo engaqondile ngendlela yokwenyuka kukagesi okuhlobene. Kokubili lokhu kungadala ukulimala ngokushesha, okungaholela esikhathini esiphansi ebhizinisini noma kusevisi, kanye nokwehliswa kwesisindo semishini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokwengeziwe, izindleko zokulungisa ngokuvamile zibiza kakhulu, ngoba imibhoshongo itholakala kakhulu ezindaweni ezikude. Njengamanje kunokubhaliselwa okungaba yizigidi ezingama-50 ze-4G e-sub-Saharan Africa. Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokwanda kwenani labantu abancane kakhulu kanye nomnotho okhula ngesivinini ezwenikazi, leli nani labikezelwa ukuthi lizokhula ngamaphesenti angama-47 phakathi konyaka wezi-2017 nowezi-2023, lapho kulinganiselwa ukuthi izigidi ezingama-310 zizobe zibhalisile.
Inani labantu abangathinteka ekuvalekeni kwesistimu likhulu impela, ngakho-ke lokhu kuphinda kugcizelele ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuvikela ukwehluleka kwemishini. Lapha futhi siyabona ukuthi izixazululo ezifanele zombani nezomhlaba ziyingxenye yokuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwenethiwekhi nokusebenza okuthembekile. Ukuvezwa obala kwamamashi omsakazo angomahamba nendlwana kubenza babe sengozini yeziteleka eziqonde ngqo zombani, ezingakhubaza izinhlelo. Vele, umonakalo uvame ukubangelwa ama-surges, ngokwesibonelo uma kwenzeka imibani eseduze. Kubalulekile futhi ukuvikela abasebenzi okungenzeka ukuthi basebenza ohlelweni ngesikhathi sokuduma kwezulu. Umqondo ophelele wokuvikela umbani nokuqhuma uzohlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuphelele nokutholakala kohlelo oluphakeme.
Ingqalasizinda Yokuvikela Ukuqhaqhazela
UKUSABISELA ukulahlekelwa okungama- $ 26B ngenxa yamaPower Surges
Ukuthembela kwanamuhla okwandayo kwe-elekthronikhi ebucayi kakhulu nezinqubo kwenza ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma kube yisihloko sengxoxo esibalulekile ukuze kugwenywe ukulahleka kwebhizinisi okuyinhlekelele. Ucwaningo lwe-Insurance Institute for Business & Home Safety luthole ukuthi kulahleke ama- $ 26 billion dollars ngenxa yamandla kagesi angakhanyi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuneziteleka zombani ezingaba yizigidi ezingama-25 e-US unyaka nonyaka ezidala ukulahleka okuphakathi kuka- $ 650M kuye ku- $ 1B.
ISOLUTION Global Surge Mitigation Concept
Ifilosofi yethu ilula - thola ubungozi bakho futhi uhlole yonke imigqa (amandla noma isignali) ngobungozi. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ngumqondo “webhokisi”. Isebenza ngokulinganayo ngentambo eyodwa noma indawo yonke. Lapho usuthole “amabhokisi” akho, kulula ukwakha uhlelo lokuvikela oluhlanganisiwe ukuqeda zonke izinsongo ezivela kumbani nasekushintsheni ama-surges.
IZICELO ZOKUQHELEKA KWEZINGqalasizinda
Imishini ye-elekthronikhi esetshenziselwe ukwakha amanethiwekhi angenazintambo isengozini enkulu ekucekelweni phansi okudalwe yimibani yombani kanye neminye imithombo yokwenyuka kukagesi. Kubalulekile ukuvikela kahle le mishini ye-elektroniki ebucayi ngokuvikelwa kokuqhuma.
SURGE UKUVIKELA INDAWO ISIBONELO
Ukuvikelwa Kombani Wezingqalasizinda Zamaseli Amancane Ezintsha
Ukunaka izinyathelo ezithile ezidingekayo ukuvikela imishini efakwe ngaphakathi futhi iqukelwe ngaphakathi kwezigxobo zokukhanya ezisetshenziswa njengezinsizakalo zeseli ezincane nezindawo ezivalekile kusindisa i-airtime elahlekile ekuphumeni nasekukhokheni izindleko.
Isizukulwane esilandelayo se-millimeter-wave (mmW) 5G sokusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana okungenazintambo, sizogqugquzela ukusetshenziswa kwamabanga amafushane, amancane, ikakhulukazi ngesimo sezigxobo zomgwaqo ezihlanganisiwe, ezindaweni ezisemadolobheni nasemadolobheni.
Lezi zakhiwo, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi izingongolo “ezihlakaniphile” noma “ezincane zamangqamuzana”, ngokuvamile zihlanganisa imihlangano yamapulangwe enabantu abaningi enamasistimu kagesi. Amasayithi amancane amaseli angakhiwa ezigxotsheni ezikhona noma ezintsha zensimbi yokukhanyisa emgwaqweni, zifihlwe kancane noma zifihlwe ngokuphelele, nasezigxotsheni ezikhona zokhuni ezisetshenziswayo. Lezi zinhlelo ze-elekthronikhi zifaka phakathi:
- Imisakazo ye-AC-enikwe amandla i-mmW 5G nezinhlelo zayo ezibandakanya okokufaka okukhiphayo okuningi (MIMO) ezakha izinhlelo ze-antenna
- Imisakazo ye-4- noma ye-DC enikwe amandla yi-AC
- Izilungisi ze-AC / DC noma amayunithi wokunika amandla akude
- Amasistimu e-alamu nezinzwa zokungena ngaphakathi
- Izinhlelo zokuphuza umoya eziphoqelelwe
Amapaneli wokusabalalisa amandla we-AC ne-DC ane-utility smart energy metering
Ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, lezi zigxobo ezihlakaniphile zizophinda zihlanganise ama-smart city hubs aqukethe izinzwa, njengamakhamera afihlwe ngesinqumo esiphakeme, imibhobho yokutholwa kwezibhamu nezinzwa ezisemkhathini zokubala inkomba ye-ultraviolet (UV) nokukala ukukhanya kwelanga nemisebe yelanga. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izingongolo zingahlalisa ezinye izakhiwo ezingaphansi kwesakhiwo, njengezingalo zokweseka amalambu emigwaqo e-LED, izinkanyiso ezijwayelekile zomgwaqo kanye nezitsha zokushaja imoto kagesi.
Uhlelo lokuxhuma oluphakathi nendawo luvame ukuhlinzekwa ngaphakathi kwepali ngokusebenzisa imigoqo yokubekwa ebekwe ngamasu, lapho kuxhunywe khona amasistimu ehlukene omsakazo. Imvamisa, umqhubi ongathathi hlangothi wokuphakelwa kwamandla okusetshenziswa okungenayo nawo uboshelwa emhlabathini esokeni lamamitha kagesi, nawo aboshwe abuyele kubha enkulu yokwakha. Inhlabathi yesistimu yangaphandle yesigxobo ibese iboshelwa kule bar enkulu yokwakha.
Isigxobo sokukhanya esilula esibonwa emigwaqweni yomgwaqo nasemigwaqeni yamadolobha siyashintsha futhi maduze nje sizoba yingxenye ebalulekile yengqalasizinda entsha engenazintambo ye-5G. Lezi zinhlelo zizoba nokubaluleka okukhulu ngoba zisekela ungqimba olusha lobuchwepheshe lwamanethiwekhi weselula ngezinsizakalo ezinejubane elikhulu. Lezi zakhiwo zezigxobo ngeke zisakwazi ukufaka izibani ezikhanyayo. Esikhundleni salokho, azoba ngumnyombo wobuchwepheshe obuphambili kakhulu. Ngalokhu kusengaphambili ekuhlanganisweni, amandla nokwethembana kuza engcupheni engenakugwemeka. Ngisho nokuphakama kwazo okuphansi uma kuqhathaniswa nezindawo ezinkulu zamaseli amakhulu, amasistimu asezingeni eliphakeme anjengalawa asethwe ukuba abe sengozini enkulu yokulimala kusuka kuma-overges angaphezulu kwamandla nezikhathi zesikhashana.
Ukulimala Kwevoltage
Ukubaluleka kwalawa maseli amancane kwingqalasizinda ye-5G akukwazi ukubukelwa phansi. Esikhundleni sokusetshenziswa nje ukugcwalisa izikhala ekusakazweni komsakazo nokwandisa umthamo, kumanethiwekhi we-5G amaseli amancane azoba yizindawo zokuqala zenethiwekhi zokufinyelela, ahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ezisheshayo ngesikhathi sangempela. Lezi zinhlelo ezithuthukile kwezobuchwepheshe zingahlinzeka ngezixhumanisi ezibucayi zensizakalo ye-gigabit kumakhasimende lapho ukungavunyelwa kogesi kungabekezeleleki. Lokhu kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi wokuvikela ukuthembela (SPDs) anokwethenjelwa kakhulu ukugcina ukutholakala kwalezi zingosi.
Umthombo walezi zingcuphe zokuqubuka kwamandla angahlukaniswa ngokubanzi abe yizinhlobo ezimbili: lezo ezibangelwe ukuphazamiseka komkhathi okukhipha imisebe nalawo adalwe ukuphazamiseka okwenziwe ugesi.
Ake sicabangele ngamunye ngokulandelana:
Ukuphazamiseka kwemisebe kudalwa kakhulu yimicimbi ehanjiswa ngumoya, njengokukhishwa kombani okuseduze okwenza izinguquko ezisheshayo kuzo zombili izinkambu zikagesi nezikagesi ezizungeze isakhiwo. Lezi zinsimu eziguquguqukayo ezisheshayo zikagesi namandla kazibuthe zingabhangqa nezinhlelo zikagesi nezikagesi ngaphakathi kwesigxobo ukukhiqiza amadlambi amanje nawamandla kagesi. Ngempela, ukuvikelwa kweFaraday okudalwe ukwakheka kwensimbi okuhlanganayo kuzosiza ukunciphisa imiphumela enjalo; noma kunjalo, ayikwazi ukuyinciphisa ngokuphelele inkinga. Amasistimu e-antenna abucayi ala maseli amancane abhekiswe kakhulu kumafrikhi lapho amandla amaningi ekukhishweni kombani abekwe phakathi (i-5G izosebenza ngamabhendi emvamisa aze afike ku-39 GHz). Ngakho-ke, zingasebenza njengemigudu yokuvumela la mandla ukuba angene esakhiweni, abangele ukulimala okungenzeka kungagcini ngasemuva kuphela komsakazo, kepha nakwezinye izinhlelo ezixhumene zombuso ngaphakathi kwepali.
Ukuphazamiseka okwenziwe ikakhulukazi kulabo abangena esigxotsheni ngezintambo ezihamba phambili. Lokhu kufaka phakathi abaqhubi bamandla okusetshenziswa kanye nolayini bezimpawu, ezingabhangqa amasistimu wangaphakathi we-elekthronikhi aqukethwe ngaphakathi kwesigxobo nemvelo yangaphandle. Ngoba kucatshangelwe ukuthi ukusatshalaliswa kwamaseli amancane kuzosebenzisa kakhulu ingqalasizinda ekhona yombani womgwaqo kamasipala noma ukuyifaka ngezigxobo ezihlakaniphile, amaseli amancane ancike ezintanjeni zokusabalalisa ezikhona. Imvamisa, e-United States, izintambo zombuso ezinjengalezi ziba semoyeni futhi azingcwatshwa. Kuthinteka ikakhulukazi kuma-overvoltages, kanye nomsele oyinhloko wamandla wokuqhuma ukungena esigxotsheni futhi kulimaze i-electronics yangaphakathi.
Ukuvikelwa kwe-overvoltage (OVP)
Amazinga afana ne-IEC 61643-11: 2011 achaza ukusetshenziswa kwamadivayisi wokuvikela ukuqeda imiphumela yokuqhuma okunjalo. Ama-SPD ahlukaniswa ngezigaba zokuhlola imvelo kagesi ahloselwe ukusebenza kuyo. Isibonelo, iClass I SPD ilelo elihlolwe ukumelana - kusetshenziswa amatemu we-IEC - “ukukhishwa kombani okuqondile noma okuyingxenye.” Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-SPD ihlolwe ukumelana namandla ne-waveform ehlotshaniswa nokukhishwa okungenzeka ukuthi kungene isakhiwo endaweni esobala.
Njengoba sibheka ukuthunyelwa kwengqalasizinda yamaseli amancane, kuyacaca ukuthi izinhlaka zizovezwa obala. Izigxobo eziningi ezinjalo kulindeleke ukuthi zivele ngasemaphethelweni ezindawo zokuhlala nasemigwaqeni wamadolobha amakhulu. Kulindeleke nokuthi izigxobo ezinjalo zande ezindaweni zokuhlangana zomphakathi, ezinjengezinkundla zemidlalo zangaphakathi nangaphandle, ezinxanxatheleni zezitolo nasezindaweni zamakhonsathi. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukuthi ama-SPD akhethwe ukuvikela okuphakelayo kwezinsiza zokuqala akalwe kahle kule ndawo kagesi futhi ahlangabezane nokuhlolwa kweClass I, okungukuthi, ukuthi angamelana namandla ahambisana nokukhishwa kombani okuqondile, noma okuqondile. Kunconywa futhi ukuthi i-SPD ekhethiwe ibe nezinga lokumelana nomfutho (Iimp) ka-12.5 kA ukuze imelane ngokuphepha nezinga lokusongela lalezo zindawo.
Ukukhethwa kwe-SPD okwazi ukumelana nezinga lokusongelwa elihambisana nakho ngokwako akwenele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini inikezwa ukuvikelwa okwanele. I-SPD kufanele futhi ibeke umkhawulo esigamekweni esenzekile sokufika ezingeni lokuvikelwa kwamandla kagesi (Phezulu) ngaphansi kwezinga lokumelana (Uw) lomshini we-elekthronikhi ngaphakathi kwepali. I-IEC incoma ukuthi Up <0.8 Uw.
Ubuchwepheshe be-SPD be-LSP benzelwe ngenhloso ukuhlinzeka izilinganiso ze-Iimp ne-Up ezidingekayo ukuvikela imishini ebucayi yemishini ye-elekthronikhi etholakala kwingqalasizinda yamaseli amancane. Ubuchwepheshe be-LSP buthathwa njengobungenasondlo futhi bungamelana nezinkulungwane zemicimbi yokuphindaphindeka yokwanda ngaphandle kokwehluleka noma ukonakala. Inikeza isisombululo esiphephe kakhulu nesinokwethenjelwa esiqeda ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingavutha, zibheme noma ziqhume. Ngokuya ngeminyaka yokusebenza kwensimu, isikhathi sempilo esilindelekile se-LSP singaphezu kweminyaka engama-20, futhi wonke amamojula anikezwa ngeminyaka eyi-10 enomkhawulo wokuphila.
Imikhiqizo ihlolwa ngokuya ngamazinga okuphepha aphesheya (i-EN ne-IEC) futhi inikela ngokusebenza okungenakuqhathaniswa uma kuqhathaniswa nombani namandla kagesi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuvikelwa kwe-LSP kuhlanganiswe endaweni ebiyelwe yokusabalalisa ye-AC efanelekile ukufakwa ngaphakathi kwezigxobo zeseli ezincane. Lokhu kunikeza ukuvikeleka okuthe xaxa kusevisi engenayo ye-AC namasekhethi wokusabalalisa aphumayo, ngaleyo ndlela inikeze iphuzu elilula lapho insiza yombuso kusuka kumitha kagesi ingangena futhi isabalalise ngaphakathi kwepali.
Ukuvikelwa kombani nokuqhuma kwesiteshi sesisekelo sezingcingo ze-5G namasayithi weseli
Ngokuqondene nenzuzo yekhwalithi emkhakheni wokuvikelwa kokuqhuma, i-LSP ibhekwa njengokukhetha ukuhlinzeka ngedivayisi yokuvikela yokwanda (SPD) yephrojekthi yesiteshi sesiteshi se-5G eKorea. Ama-SPD azonikezwa njengengxenye yemikhiqizo yokugcina. Ngesikhathi somhlangano, i-LSP kanye namakhasimende aseKorea baxoxe ngesisombululo sonke sokuvikela ukuqhuma esiteshini sezingcingo se-5G.
Ingemuva:
Imfushane ngesizukulwane sesihlanu, i-5G iyisistimu yenethiwekhi engenantambo ye-ultrafast enikela ngesivinini sokudlulisa esiseduze izikhathi ezingama-20 kunamanethiwekhi akhona esizukulwane sesine noma amanethiwekhi we-Long Term Evolution. Abaholi bomhlaba wonke kwezokuxhumana ngocingo baqinisa ijubane ku-5G. Isibonelo, i-Ericsson imemezele ukukhulisa cishe ama- $ 400 wezigidi ocwaningweni lwe-5G kulo nyaka. Njengoba i-CTO yayo isho, “Njengengxenye yesu lethu eligxile kulo, sandisa izimali zethu ukuze sivikele ubuholi bezobuchwepheshe ku-5G, IoT, kanye nezinsizakalo zedijithali. Eminyakeni ezayo, sizobona amanethiwekhi we-5G eza bukhoma emhlabeni jikelele, ngokufakwa okukhulu kusuka ku-2020, futhi sikholwa ukuthi kuzobe sekukhona ukubhaliswa kwe-1G okuyisigidigidi esisodwa ngasekupheleni kuka-5. ”
I-LSP inikeza abavikeli abaningi bokuqhamuka abaguqulwe kuyo yonke inethiwekhi: Amandla we-AC, amandla e-DC, iTelecom, iDatha neCoaxial.
