Amadivayisi Wokuvikela Ama-Surge asetshenziselwa amanethiwekhi wokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi, amanethiwekhi wezingcingo, kanye nokuxhumana kanye namabhasi wokulawula okuzenzakalelayo.

2.4 Idivayisi Yokuvikela Ukuqubuka (i-SPD)

Idivayisi Yokuvikela Ukuqubuka (i-SPD) iyingxenye yohlelo lokuvikela ukufakwa kagesi.

Le divayisi ixhunywe ngokufana kusekethe yokuphakelwa kwamandla yemithwalo okufanele iyivikele (bona i-Fig. J17). Ingasetshenziswa futhi kuwo wonke amazinga wenethiwekhi yokuphakelwa kwamandla.

Lolu uhlobo olusetshenziswa kakhulu futhi olusebenza kahle kakhulu lokuvikelwa kwamandla okukhokha ngokweqile.

isimiso

I-SPD yakhelwe ukukhawulela ukwehla kwesikhashana komsuka womkhathi futhi iguqule amagagasi amanje emhlabeni, ukuze kukhawulwe ukuphakama kwalokhu kudlulela kunani elingeyona ingozi ekufakweni kukagesi nasekushintsheni kukagesi nasegiyeni lokulawula.

I-SPD iqeda ama-overvoltages:

• kumodi ejwayelekile, phakathi kwesigaba nokungathathi hlangothi noma umhlaba;
• kumodi yokuhlukanisa, phakathi kwesigaba nokungathathi hlangothi. Uma kwenzeka i-overvoltage idlula umkhawulo wokusebenza, i-SPD
• ihambisa amandla emhlabeni, ngemodi efanayo;
• isabalalisa amandla kwabanye abaqhubi ababukhoma, ngemodi ehlukile.

Izinhlobo ezintathu ze-SPD:

• Thayipha i-1 SPD

I-Type 1 SPD inconyiwe esimweni esithile sezinsizakalo zomkhakha nezakhiwo zezimboni, ezivikelwe ngohlelo lokuvikela umbani noma ikheji elinamakhemikhali. Kuvikela ukufakwa kukagesi emivimbo eqondile yombani. Ingakhipha i-back-current kusuka ngombani osabalala usuka kumqhubi womhlaba uye kubaqhubi benethiwekhi.

Uhlobo lwe-1 SPD lubonakala ngegagasi lamanje le-10/350 μs.

• Thayipha i-2 SPD

Uhlobo 2 SPD wuhlelo oluphambili lokuvikela kukho konke ukufakwa kwamandla kagesi anamandla amancane. Kufakwe ebhodini ngalinye likagesi, kuvimbela ukusabalala kwama-overvoltages ekufakweni kukagesi futhi kuvikele imithwalo.

Uhlobo lwe-2 SPD lubonakala ngegagasi lamanje le-8/20 μs.

• Thayipha i-3 SPD

Lawa ma-SPD anomthamo wokukhipha ophansi. Ngakho-ke kumele zifakwe ngokwesibopho njengezengezo ku-Type 2 SPD nasezindaweni ezinemithwalo ebucayi. Uhlobo lwe-3 SPD lubonakala ngenhlanganisela yamagagasi kagesi (1.2 / 50 μs) namagagasi amanje (8/20 μs).

Incazelo ejwayelekile ye-SPD

Izici ze-2.4.1 ze-SPD

I-International standard IEC 61643-11 Edition 1.0 (03/2011) ichaza izici nokuhlolwa kwe-SPD exhunywe kumasistimu wokusabalalisa amandla aphansi (bona i-Fig. J19).

• Izici ezivamile

- NOMA_c: Ubuningi bokusebenza kwamandla okuqhubekayo

Lona ngamandla we-AC noma we-DC ngaphezulu lapho i-SPD isebenza khona. Leli nani likhethwa ngokuya ngevolthi elinganisiwe nokuhlelwa komhlaba kohlelo.

- NOMA_pIzinga lokuvikelwa kwe-Voltage (ku-I_n)

Lawa amandla aphezulu wamandla kumatheminali we-SPD lapho esebenza. Le voltage ifinyelelwa lapho ukugeleza kwamanje ku-SPD kulingana nami_n. Izinga lokuvikelwa kwamandla kagesi elikhethiwe kumele libe ngaphansi kwamandla we-overvoltage ukumelana nemithwalo (bheka isigaba 3.2). Uma kwenzeka kushaywa umbani, i-voltage yonkana netheminali ye-SPD ngokuvamile ihlala ingaphansi kuka-U_p.

- I_n: Okwamanje ukukhishwa kwamanje

Leli inani eliphakeme lesilinganiso samanje se-8/20 μs ukuthi i-SPD ikwazi ukukhipha izikhathi eziyi-15.

• Thayipha i-1 SPD

- I_imp: Umfutho njengamanje

Leli inani eliphakeme lesilinganiso samanje se-10/350 μs ukuthi i-SPD ikwazi ukukhipha izikhathi eziyi-5.

- I_fi: Autoextinguish landela zamanje

Kusebenza kuphela kubuchwepheshe be-spark gap.

Lokhu kuyamanje (i-50 Hz) i-SPD ekwazi ukuziphazamisa yona ngemuva kwe-flashover. Lesi sikhathi samanje kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibe sikhulu kunesimo samanje sesikhashana esifushane lapho kufakwa khona.

• Thayipha i-2 SPD

- I_max: Ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwamanje

Leli inani eliphakeme lesilinganiso samanje se-8/20 μs ukuthi i-SPD ikwazi ukuyikhipha kanye.

• Thayipha i-3 SPD

- NOMA_oc: Amandla kagesi avulekile asetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwekilasi III (Uhlobo 3).

2.4.2 Izicelo eziyinhloko

• I-Voltage ephansi ye-SPD

Amadivayisi ahluke kakhulu, avela kokubuka kwezobuchwepheshe nokusetshenziswa, aqokwa yileli gama. Ama-voltage we-SPD aphansi angama-modular ukuthi afakwe kalula ngaphakathi kokushintshwa kwe-LV. Kukhona futhi ama-SPD aguquguqukayo kumasokhethi kagesi, kepha lawa madivayisi anomthamo wokukhipha ophansi.

• I-SPD yamanethiwekhi wokuxhumana

Lawa madivayisi avikela amanethiwekhi wezingcingo, amanethiwekhi ashintshiwe kanye namanethiwekhi wokulawula okuzenzakalelayo (ibhasi) ekulweni namandla amaningi avela ngaphandle (umbani) nalawo angaphakathi kunethiwekhi yokuhambisa ugesi (imishini engcolisayo, ukusebenza kwe-switchgear, njll.).

Ama-SPD anjalo afakiwe ku-RJ11, RJ45,… izixhumi noma ahlanganiswe nemithwalo.

3 Ukwakhiwa kohlelo lokuvikela ukufakwa kagesi

Ukuvikela ukufakwa kukagesi esakhiweni, imithetho elula iyasebenza ekukhetheni kwe-

• Ama-SPD;
• uhlelo lokuvikela.

3.1 Imithetho yokwakha

Ohlelweni lokusabalalisa ugesi, izici eziyinhloko ezisetshenziselwa ukuchaza uhlelo lokuvikela umbani bese ukhetha i-SPD ukuvikela ukufakwa kukagesi esakhiweni yilezi:

• I-SPD

- inani le-SPD;

- uhlobo;

- Izinga lokuchayeka ekuchazeni ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwe-SPD njengamanje I_max.

• Idivayisi yokuvikelwa kwesifunda emfushane

- ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwamanje I_max;

- i-short-circuit yamanje I_sc endaweni yokufaka.

Umdwebo onengqondo kuMfanekiso J20 ngezansi ukhombisa lo mthetho wokuklama.

Ezinye izici zokukhethwa kwe-SPD zichazwe ukufakwa kagesi.

• inani lezigxobo ku-SPD;
• izinga lokuvikelwa kwamandla U_p;
• i-voltage yokusebenza u-U_c.

Lesi sigatshana i-J3 sichaza ngokuningiliziwe indlela yokukhetha uhlelo lokuvikela ngokuya ngezimpawu zokufakwa, okokusebenza okufanele kuvikelwe kanye nemvelo.

3.2 Izinto zohlelo lokuvikela

I-SPD kumele ihlale ifakwa lapho kufakwa khona ugesi.

3.2.1 Indawo nohlobo lwe-SPD

Uhlobo lwe-SPD elizofakwa ekuqaleni kokufakwa lincike ekutheni lukhona yini noma cha uhlelo lokuvikela umbani. Uma lesi sakhiwo sifakwe uhlelo lokuvikela umbani (ngokwe-IEC 62305), kufanele kufakwe iType 1 SPD.

Nge-SPD efakwe ekugcineni okungenayo kokufakwa, amazinga wokufaka we-IEC 60364 abeka amanani amancane ngalezi zici ezi-2 ezilandelayo:

• Ukukhishwa kwegama okwamanje I_n = 5 kA (8/20) μs;
• Izinga lokuvikelwa kwe-Voltage U_p (lapho ngi_n) <2.5 kV.

Inani lama-SPD angeziwe okufanele afakwe linqunywa ngu:

• ubukhulu besiza nobunzima bokufaka ama-bonding conductor. Kumasayithi amakhulu, kubalulekile ukufaka i-SPD ekugcineni okungenayo kwendawo ebiyelweyo yokusabalalisa.
• ibanga elihlukanisa imithwalo ebucayi ukuze ivikelwe kusuka kudivayisi yokuvikela engenayo. Lapho imithwalo itholakala ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-30 ukusuka kudivayisi yokuvikela engenayo, kuyadingeka ukuhlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuhle okwengeziwe eduze ngangokunokwenzeka emithwalweni ebucayi. I-phenomena ye-wave reflection iyanda isuka kumamitha ayi-10 (bheka isahluko 6.5)
• ingozi yokuvezwa. Endabeni yesiza esidalulwe kakhulu, i-SPD engenayo ayikwazi ukuqinisekisa kokubili ukugeleza okuphezulu kombane wamanje nezinga lokuvikelwa kwamandla kagesi ngokwanele. Ikakhulu, Uhlobo 1 SPD ngokuvamile luhambisana nohlobo 2 SPD.

Ithebula elikumfanekiso J21 ngezansi likhombisa ubuningi nohlobo lwe-SPD okufanele lusethwe ngesisekelo sezici ezimbili ezichazwe ngenhla.

3.4 Ukukhethwa kohlobo 1 SPD

3.4.1 Ukushoshozela kwamanje I_imp

• Lapho kungekho mithetho kazwelonke noma imithethonqubo ethile yohlobo lwesakhiwo okufanele luvikelwe, Umfutho wamanje I_imp okungenani i-12.5 kA (10/350 μs wave) ngegatsha ngalinye ngokuya nge-IEC 60364-5-534.

• Lapho kukhona imithethonqubo: ejwayelekile 62305-2 ichaza amazinga ama-4: I, II, III no-IV, Ithebula elikuMfanekiso J31 likhombisa amazinga ahlukene_imp esimweni sokulawula.

3.4.2 Ukuqothula ngokuzenzakalela landela okwamanje I_fi

Lesi sici sisebenza kuphela kuma-SPD ngobuchwepheshe be-spark gap. Ukucisha ngokuzenzakalela kulandela u-I wamanje_fi kufanele ihlale iba nkulu kunalesi esikhona njengamanje_sc endaweni yokufaka.

3.5 Ukukhethwa kohlobo 2 SPD

3.5.1 Ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwamanje I_max

Ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwe-Imax yamanje kuchazwa ngokuya ngezinga lokuchayeka elilinganisiwe elihlobene nendawo yesakhiwo.

Inani lamanje lokukhishwa okuphezulu (I_max) kunqunywa ukuhlaziywa kobungozi (bheka ithebula ku-Figure J32).

3.6 Ukukhethwa Kwedivayisi Yangaphandle Yokuvikelwa Kwesekethe (SCPD)

Amadivayisi wokuvikela (isifunda esishisayo nesifushane) kufanele ahlanganiswe ne-SPD ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekile, isib

• qinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwensiza:

- ukumelana namaza wamanje wombani;

- hhayi ukukhiqiza i-voltage eyinsalela eyeqile.

• qinisekisa ukuvikelwa okusebenzayo kuzo zonke izinhlobo ze-overcurrent:

- ukulayishwa ngokweqile kulandela ukweqa okushisayo kwe-varistor;

- isifunda esifushane sokuqina okuphansi (impedant);

- isifunda esifushane sokuqina okuphezulu.

3.6.1 Izingozi okufanele zigwenywe ekupheleni kwempilo yama-SPD

• Ngenxa yokuguga

Endabeni yokuphela kwemvelo kokuphila ngenxa yokuguga, ukuvikelwa kunguhlobo lokushisa. I-SPD enama-varistors kufanele ibe ne-disconnector yangaphakathi ekhubaza i-SPD.

Qaphela: Ukuphela kokuphila ngokubaleka okushisayo akuthinti i-SPD ngepayipi lokukhipha igesi noma igebe le-spark elifakiwe.

• Ngenxa yephutha

Izimbangela zokuphela kokuphila ngenxa yephutha lesikhashana yilezi:

- Umthamo omkhulu wokukhishwa weqiwe.

Leli phutha liholela kusifunda esifushane esiqinile.

- Iphutha ngenxa yohlelo lokusabalalisa (ukungathathi hlangothi / isigaba sokushintsha, ukungathathi hlangothi

ukunqanyulwa).

- Ukuwohloka kancane kancane kwe-varistor.

Amaphutha amabili wokugcina aholela ekuvinjelweni kwesifunda esifushane.

Ukufakwa kufanele kuvikelwe emonakalweni odalwe yilezi zinhlobo zamaphutha: isixhumi sangaphakathi (esishisayo) esichazwe ngenhla asinaso isikhathi sokufudumala, yingakho sisebenza.

Umshini okhethekile obizwa nge- “external Short Circuit Protection Device (external SCPD)“, okwazi ukuqeda isekethe elifushane kufanele ufakwe. Ingasetshenziswa nge-breaker circuit noma nge-fuse device.

Izici ze-3.6.2 ze-SCPD yangaphandle (iDivayisi Yokuvikela Isekethe Elifushane)

I-SCPD yangaphandle kufanele ihlanganiswe ne-SPD. Yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezingqinamba ezimbili ezilandelayo:

Umbani wamanje uyamelana

Ukumelana kwamanje kombani kuyisici esibalulekile sedivayisi yangaphandle ye-SPD Yokuvikelwa Kwesekethe.

I-SCPD yangaphandle akumele ikhubeke phezu kwemisinga yokushayisana elandelanayo eyi-15 e-I_n.

Ukumelana kwamanje kwesikhashana

• Amandla wokwephula kunqunywa yimithetho yokufaka (ejwayelekile ye-IEC 60364):

I-SCPD yangaphandle kufanele ibe nomthamo wokuqhekeka olingana noma omkhulu kune-Isc yamanje yesikhashana esifushane endaweni yokufaka (ngokuya nge-IEC 60364 standard).

• Ukuvikelwa kokufakwa kumasekhethi amafushane

Ikakhulu, isekeli elifushane elifakelwe amandla likhipha amandla amaningi futhi kufanele lisuswe ngokushesha okukhulu ukuvimbela ukulimala kokufakwa kanye ne-SPD.

Ukuhlangana okulungile phakathi kwe-SPD ne-SCPD yayo yangaphandle kufanele kunikezwe ngumenzi.

3.6.3 Imodi yokufaka ye-SCPD yangaphandle

• Idivayisi "ochungechungeni"

I-SCPD ichazwa njenge- “in series” (bheka i-Fig. J33) lapho ukuvikelwa kwenziwa yidivayisi ejwayelekile yokuvikela yenethiwekhi ezovikelwa (ngokwesibonelo, i-connection circuit breaker umfula ofakiwe).

• Idivayisi "ngokufana"

I-SCPD ichazwa njenge- “in parallel” (bona i-Fig. J34) lapho ukuvikelwa kwenziwa ngokukhethekile ngedivayisi yokuvikela ehlotshaniswa ne-SPD.

• I-SCPD yangaphandle ibizwa nge- "disconnecting circuit breaker" uma umsebenzi wenziwa nge-breaker circuit.
• Isihlukanisi sokunqamula ukuxhuma kungenzeka noma singafakwa ku-SPD.

Qaphela: Endabeni ye-SPD enethubhu yokukhipha igesi noma igebe le-spark elifakiwe, i-SCPD ivumela ukuthi i-current isikwe ngokushesha ngemuva kokusetshenziswa.

Qaphela: S uhlobo lwamadivayisi asalayo asele ngokuhambisana namazinga we-IEC 61008 noma we-IEC 61009-1 athobela le mfuneko.

3.7.1 Ukudidiyela namadivayisi wokuvikela akhuphukayo

Ukuxhumanisa namadivayisi wokuvikela amanje

Ekufakweni kukagesi, i-SCPD yangaphandle iyinsimbi efana nezinto zokusebenza zokuvikela: lokhu kwenza ukuthi kube nokwenzeka ukusebenzisa ubandlululo namasu wokuqamba ukuze kwenziwe uhlelo lobuchwepheshe lokuvikela.

Ukuxhumanisa namadivayisi wamanje asalayo

Uma i-SPD ifakwa ezansi kwensiza yokuvikela ukuvuza komhlaba, eyokugcina kufanele ibe ngeye- “si” noma uhlobo lokukhetha olunokuvikeleka kokushaya imisinga okungenani engu-3 kA (8/20 μs wave wave).

4 Ukufakwa kwama-SPD

Ukuxhuma kwe-SPD emithwalweni kufanele kube kufushane ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze kwehliswe inani lezinga lokuvikelwa kwamandla kagesi (okufakiwe Phezulu) kumatheminali wemishini evikelwe. Ubude obuphelele bokuxhuma kwe-SPD kunethiwekhi nebhulokhi lomhlaba lokugcina akufanele kudlule u-50 cm.

4.1 Ukuxhumana

Enye yezinto ezibalulekile ekuvikeleni imishini ileveli ephezulu yokuvikelwa kwamandla kagesi (efakwe i-U_p) ukuthi imishini ingamelana namatheminali ayo. Ngakho-ke, i-SPD kufanele ikhethwe ngezinga lokuvikela u-U_p ingashintshwa ukuze kuvikelwe okokusebenza (bheka Umdwebo J38). Ubude obuphelele babaqhubi bokuxhuma ngu

L = L1 + L2 + L3.

Ngemisinga yamaza aphakeme kakhulu, impedance ngobude beyunithi eyodwa yalolu xhumano icishe ibe ngu-1 μH / m.

Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa umthetho kaLenz kulokhu kuxhumana: ∆U = L di / dt

Igagasi lamanje elijwayelekile le-8/20 μs, nge-amplitude yamanje ye-8 kA, ngokufanele yakha ukukhuphuka kwamandla ka-1000 V ngemitha ngayinye yekhebula.

=U = 1 x 10^-6 ngo 8x10³ 8x10^-6 =1000v

Ngenxa yalokho i-voltage kuwo wonke amatheminali wemishini, efakwe phezulu, ngu:

ufake i-U_p =U_p + U1 + U2

Uma i-L1 + L2 + L3 = 50 cm, negagasi lingu-8/20 μs nge-amplitude ye-8 kA, amandla we-voltage kuwo wonke amatheminali wemishini azoba u-U._p + 500 V.

4.1.1 Ukuxhuma endaweni ebiyelwe ngepulasitiki

Umdwebo J39a ngezansi ukhombisa ukuthi ungaxhuma kanjani i-SPD endaweni ebiyelwe ngepulasitiki.

4.1.2 Ukuxhuma endaweni ebiyelwe yensimbi

Endabeni yomhlangano we-switchgear endaweni ebiyelwe ngensimbi, kungahle kube ukuhlakanipha ukuxhuma i-SPD ngqo endaweni ebiyelwe yensimbi, lapho okubiyelwe kusetshenziswa khona njengomqhubi wokuvikela (bona i-Fig. J39b).

Leli lungiselelo lihambisana ne-IEC 61439-2 ejwayelekile futhi umenzi we-ASSEMBLY kufanele aqiniseke ukuthi izici zokuvalekile zenza ukuthi lokhu kusetshenziswa kwenzeke.

4.1.3 Isigaba esiphambanweni sabaqhubi

Ingxenye yesiphambano sabaqhubi abanconyiwe iyabhekisisa:

• Isevisi ejwayelekile ezonikezwa: Ukuhamba kwegagasi lamanje lombani ngaphansi kokwehla kwamandla kagesi (50 cm rule).

Qaphela: Ngokungafani nezicelo eziku-50 Hz, isimangaliso sombani ukuba yimvamisa ephezulu, ukwanda kwesigaba esiphambanweni somqhubi akukunciphisi kakhulu impedance yayo yemvamisa ephezulu.

• Ama-conductor 'amelana nemisinga yesekethe emfushane: Umqhubi kufanele amelane nomsinga wesikhashana ngesikhathi esiphezulu sokunqamula uhlelo lokuvikela.

I-IEC 60364 incoma ekufakweni okungenayo ukuphela kwesigaba esiphambanweni se:

- 4 mm² (Cu) yokuxhumeka kohlobo 2 SPD;

- 16 mm² (Cu) yokuxhuma kohlobo 1 SPD (ubukhona bohlelo lokuvikela umbani).

4.2 Imithetho yokuhlanganisa

• Umthetho 1: Umthetho wokuqala okufanele uhambisane nawo ukuthi ubude bokuxhuma kwe-SPD phakathi kwenethiwekhi (nge-SCPD yangaphandle) kanye nebhulokhi yokugcina umhlaba akufanele yeqe ama-50 cm.

Umdwebo J40 ukhombisa amathuba amabili wokuxhuma kwe-SPD.

• Umthetho 2: Abaqhubi beziphakeli ezivikelekile eziphumayo:

- kufanele ixhunywe kumatheminali we-SCPD yangaphandle noma i-SPD;

- kufanele ihlukaniswe ngokomzimba nabaqhubi abangenayo abangcolisiwe.

Zitholakala ngakwesokudla kwamatheminali we-SPD kanye ne-SCPD (bheka i-Fig. J41).

• Umthetho 3: Isigaba sokungenayo se-feeder isigaba, esingathathi hlangothi kanye nesokuvikela (PE) kufanele sigijimelane eceleni ukuze sinciphise i-loop surface (bona i-Fig. J42).
• Umthetho 4: Abaqhubi abangenayo be-SPD kufanele babe kude nabaqhubi abaphumayo abavikelekile ukugwema ukubangcolisa ngokuhlanganisa (bona i-Fig. J42).
• Umthetho 5: Izintambo kufanele ziphinwe ezingxenyeni zensimbi zokuvalelwa (uma zikhona) ukuze kuncishiswe ubuso beluphu lohlaka bese ngenxa yalokho uzuze kumphumela wokuvikela ekuphazanyisweni kwe-EM.

Kuzo zonke izimo, kufanele kuhlolwe ukuthi amafreyimu wamabhodi wokushintsha nezindawo ezivalekile ayatholakala ngokusebenzisa ukuxhumana okufishane kakhulu.

Ekugcineni, uma kusetshenziswa izintambo ezivikelekile, kufanele kugwenywe ubude obukhulu, ngoba banciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokuvikela (bona i-Fig. J42).

Isicelo se5

Izibonelo zokufaka ze-5.1

Izixazululo nomdwebo wesikimu

• Umhlahlandlela wokukhetha wokukhuphuka wenze ukuthi kutholakale inani eliqondile lesiboshwa esikhulayo ekugcineni okungenayo kokufakwa kanye nalokho kwesihlukanisi sesifunda sokunqamula ukuxhumeka.
• Njengamadivayisi abucayi (U_p <1.5 kV) zitholakala ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-30 ukusuka kudivayisi yokuvikela engenayo, izivikeli zokuvikela izivikelo ezinhle kufanele zifakwe eduze ngangokunokwenzeka emithwalweni.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwensiza ezindaweni ezinamakamelo abandayo:

- Izinhlobo ze- “si” ezisele eziyizinsalela zamanje zizosetshenziselwa ukugwema ukukhubeka okuba khona ngenxa yokudlondlobala kwamandla omhlaba njengoba igagasi lombani lidlula.

• Ukuvikelwa kokuqhuma komkhathi:

- faka isiboshwa sokukhuphuka ebhodini elikhulu lokushintsha

- faka isivikelo esihle sokuvalelwa esikrinini ngasinye (1 no-2) esinikezela ngamadivayisi abucayi atholakala ngaphezu kwamamitha angama-30 ukusuka kusibambi esingenayo

- faka isiboshwa esikhulayo kwinethiwekhi yezokuxhumana ukuze uvikele amadivayisi ahlinzekwayo, isibonelo, ama-alamu omlilo, amamodemu, izingcingo, amafeksi

Izincomo ze-Cabling

- Qinisekisa ukuqiniswa kokuqedwa komhlaba kwesakhiwo.

- Nciphisa izindawo ezixhunyiwe zokuhlinzekwa kwamandla kagesi.

Izincomo zokufaka

• Faka i-surge arrester, i-Imax = 40 kA (8/20 μs) kanye ne-iC60 disconnection circuit breaker elinganiswe ngo-20 A.
• Faka ama-arresters wokuzivikela amahle, i-Imax = 8 kA (8/20 μs) kanye ne-iC60 disconnection circuit breakers elinganiselwe ku-20.