Umbane kunye nokukhuselwa kokukhutshwa kwesikhululo sesiseko se-5G somnxeba kunye neeseli zeseli
Umbane kunye nokukhuselwa kokukhuselwa kweeseli zeseli
Qinisekisa ukufumaneka kwenethiwekhi kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo
Ukunyusa ibango kwitekhnoloji ye5G kuthetha ukuba sifuna amandla okuhambisa aphezulu kunye nokufumaneka okungcono kwenethiwekhi.
Iindawo zesiza esitsha zihlala ziphuhliselwa le njongo- iziseko ezikhoyo zenethiwekhi ziyalungiswa kwaye ziyandiswa. Akukho mbuzo malunga nento yokuba iiseli zeseli kufuneka zithembeke. Akukho mntu unako okanye ufuna ukubeka emngciphekweni ukusilela okanye ukusebenza okuthintelweyo.
Kutheni uzikhathaza ngombane kunye nokukhusela?
Ukuvezwa kwendawo yeemasti zikanomathotholo ezihambayo kubenza babesemngciphekweni wombane ngqo onokuthi uzikhubaze iinkqubo. Umonakalo uhlala ukwabangelwa kukunyuka, umzekelo, kwimeko yombane okufutshane.
Enye into ebalulekileyo kukukhusela abasebenzi abasebenza kwinkqubo ngexesha lesiphango.
Qinisekisa ukufumaneka kofakelo kunye neenkqubo zakho - khusela ubomi babantu
Umbono opheleleyo wombane kunye nokukhuseleka kokubonelela kubonelela ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo kunye nokufumaneka kwenkqubo ephezulu.
Ulwazi kubasebenzisi benethiwekhi yeselfowuni
Eyona nto iphambili ekufuneka ndiyenzile-ukugcina uthungelwano lonxibelelwano olushukumayo luqhubeke kwaye luqhubeke. Ndiyazi ukuba oku kunokwenzeka kuphela ukuba kukho umhlaba kunye nombane kunye nokukhuselwa kokukhusela. Izicelo zam zihlala zifuna izisombululo ezenziwe kunye neemvavanyo zenkqubo. Zeziphi iindlela zam?
Apha uya kufumana iikhonsepthi zokukhusela inkqubo ethile, isisombululo semveliso esilungisiweyo kunye nolwazi kubunjineli kunye neenkonzo zokuvavanya ukukhusela iinkqubo zakho ngokuthembekileyo.
Ulwazi oluhambelanayo lwabasebenzisi benethiwekhi
Ukufumaneka kwenethiwekhi okungayekiyo-Ukhuseleko kufakelo lwakho kunye neenkqubo
I-Digitalisation igcwele ngokupheleleyo: Uphuhliso lwezobuchwephesha luhamba ngesantya esiphezulu kwaye lutshintsha indlela esinxibelelana ngayo, sisebenze, sifunde kwaye siphile.
Uthungelwano oluphezulu kakhulu lweselfowuni lweenkonzo zexesha-lokwenyani ezinje ngokuqhuba okuzimeleyo okanye iziseko zophuhliso ze-smart (5G ukusikwa kwenethiwekhi) kufuna ukhuseleko olukhethekileyo lwezixhobo zerediyo ezihambayo. Njengomqhubi, uyazi ukuba ukusilela kwezi nethiwekhi, umz. Ngenxa yombane okanye uqhushumbo, zihlala zineziphumo ezibi kwezoqoqosho.
Eyona nto iphambili ngokubaluleka kukuthintela ukuphuma nokugcina ubukho benethiwekhi ethembekileyo.
Iikhonsepthi ezithile zokukhusela zithetha ukubakho kwenkqubo ephezulu
Ukubetha ngokuthe ngqo kombane kubeka umngcipheko othile kwiimasti zerediyo kwiiseli zesisele njengoko zihlala zifakwa kwiindawo eziveziweyo.
Ingqondo eyenziweyo yokulinganisa ukhuseleko kwinkqubo yakho ikuvumela ukuba uhlangane neenjongo zakho zokukhusela, ezinje ngokufumaneka kwenkqubo nokukhusela abasebenzi bakho.
Kuphela ngokudibanisa izinto zeenkqubo zokupheliswa komhlaba kunye neenkqubo zangaphandle zokukhusela imibane kunye nemibane yangoku kunye nababanjiweyo abathi bafezekise ukhuseleko oludingayo
- Khusela ngokufanelekileyo abasebenzi
- Ukuqinisekisa ngokhuseleko kunye nokufumaneka okuphezulu kokufakwa kunye neenkqubo
- Thobela kwaye uhlangabezane neemfuno zemithetho, imigaqo kunye nemigangatho.
Sebenzisa umgaqo wokukhusela osebenzayo kubandakanya amanyathelo esiza sesisele, isikhululo sikanomathotholo kunye nentloko yerediyo ekude.
izicelo
Thintela umngcipheko ngokungeyomfuneko kwaye wenze into esebenzayo yokhuseleko kubandakanya amanyathelo esiza sesisele, isikhululo sikanomathotholo kunye nentloko kanomathotholo ekude.
I-LSP ikhusela iisayithi
Khusela izinto zokuhambisa uphahla kunye neenqaba zonxibelelwano.
Iziseko zophuhliso zezakhiwo ezikhoyo zihlala zisetyenziswa xa kufakwa izixhobo zokuhambisa uphahla. Ukuba inkqubo yokhuseleko yombane sele ifakiwe, indawo yeseli iyadityaniswa kuyo.
Ukuba kufuneka inkqubo entsha yokukhusela umbane, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kufakelwe inkqubo yokhuseleko yombane eyedwa. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba umgama wokwahlula uyagcinwa kwaye uthintele izinto ezibuthathaka zonomathotholo ekuqhubekeni konakalisa ngenxa yemibane.
I-LSP ikhusela iiseli zeseli (AC)
Ukukhuselwa kwesikhululo serediyo
Njengomthetho, isikhululo sikanomathotholo sinikezelwa ngokusebenzisa umgca wamandla ohlukeneyo-ozimeleyo kwisakhiwo sonke. Umgca wonikezelo kwisiza esisezantsi komlambo kunye nakwibhodi yosasazo esezantsi ye-AC kunyuka isikhululo sesikhululo sikanomathotholo kufuneka ukhuselwe ngumbane ofanelekileyo ngoku kunye nabavaleli bokunyuka.
Thintela ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yefus
Iziseko zonikezelo lwamandla kunye nenkqubo yamandla lukhuselwe ngovavanyo oluhlanganisiweyo lokubanjwa (umbane odityanisiweyo kunye nababanjiweyo).
Izixhobo zokukhusela i-LSP zinokulandela okuphelileyo ukuphela nokuphela. Oku kuthintela ukukhubeka kwenkathazo yenkqubo yefestile eya kuthi icime iisayithi. Kokwakho, oku kuthetha ukuba ukubakho kweenkqubo eziphezulu.
Ugcino lokonga indawo kuyilo lwecompact
Ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo kububanzi beemodyuli ezi-4 kuphela! Ngoyilo lwecompact, uthotho lwe-FLP12,5 inenani elipheleleyo langoku le-50 kA (10 / 350µs). Ngale mida yokusebenza, okwangoku yeyona ndawo incinci idityanisiweyo yokubanjwa kwintengiso.
Esi sixhobo sihlangabezana nezona mfuno ziphakamileyo zombane wokukhupha umbane ngokwe-IEC EN 60364-5-53 kunye neemfuno ze-IEC EN 62305 ngokubhekisele kudidi lwe-LPS I / II.
Iyasebenza jikelele - Ukuzimela komxhamli
Uchungechunge lwe-FLP12,5 luphuhliswe ngokukodwa kwiimfuno zecandelo likanomathotholo. Oku kubamba kunokusetyenziswa kwindalo iphela nokuba ungondla ntoni. Ukujikeleza kwayo kwe-3 + 1 kuvumela ukhuseleko oluthembekileyo lweenkqubo ze-TN-S kunye ne-TT.
Ulwazi lwabafaki
Nokuba uphahla okanye iiseli ezonyuswe imasti - Ndihlala ndinyanzelwa ukuba ndiziqhelanise neemeko zesakhiwo xa ndifaka umbane kunye nezixhobo ezikhuselayo. Ke, ndifuna izisombululo ezikhoyo kwaye kulula ukuzifaka.
Apha uya kufumana iingcebiso ngemveliso yokukhusela iiseli kunye neesistim zokuhanjiswa kwerediyo kunye nolwazi olukhethekileyo kwiinkampani ezikhuselayo. Ufutshane ngexesha? Ngoncedo lwengcamango ye-LSP, unokuba nombane okhuselekileyo kunye nokukhuselwa komgaqo ocwangciselwe wena.
Ulwazi oluhambelanayo kubafaki
Inethiwekhi ekhawulezayo yeselfowuni- kuyo yonke indawo
Inethiwekhi zikanomathotholo ezihamba nazo ziyachaphazeleka ngokwanda kwedijithali kunye neemfuno zokuba zenziwe ngokukhawuleza, ngokukhawuleza. Ukwanda kwenethiwekhi ekhawulezileyo kufuna iimasti ezintsha zikanomathotholo kunye neeseli zophahla ezingaphezulu.
Ewe, iinkqubo ezintsha zonyuka ngokukhawuleza kwaye ziyasebenza, ngcono. Oku kufuna ukucwangciswa ngononophelo kunye neemveliso ezibonakalayo zokuphunyezwa ngokukhawuleza.
Izisombululo ezisebenzayo-Inkxaso enobuchule
Cwangciso
Ukucwangcisa kuhlala kuthatha ixesha kwaye kubandakanya uphando oluninzi. Lula eli nqanaba ngokukhuphela ngaphandle ukucwangciswa kombane kunye nokukhuselwa kokukhula. Ngomqondo we-LSP ufumana isicwangciso esipheleleyo seprojekthi kubandakanya imizobo ye-3D kunye namaxwebhu.
ufakelo
Ngexesha lokumiliselwa, uxhamla kakhulu kwiimveliso ezikhulelwe kakuhle, ezivavanyiweyo. Oku kuqinisekisa ukufakwa ngokukhawuleza nangokulula.
iintambo zifakwe iintambo kwangaphambili kwaye izikrufu zikhuselekile kwisiciko ukuze zingabinakho ukuwa. Ibhokisi ikwafakela umbulelo onobuhlobo kwisiciko esinothintelo lokuwa.
Ulwazi kubaboneleli ngezixhobo
Izidingo zeendawo ezintsha zeesayithi zihlala zisanda. Iinkqubo ezintsha, ezilungiselelwe ngokwamandla kunye nokusebenza, zifuna ukwenziwa kwinqanaba lokulinganisa iikhonsepthi zokukhusela. Ke, ndifuna izisombululo ezizodwa ezinobungakanani, ukusebenza kunye neendleko ezilungiselelwe ngokufanelekileyo iimfuno zam.
Apha uya kufumana ulwazi malunga noyilo-lwezicelo kunye nezisombululo zePCB nganye.
Umbane kunye nokukhuselwa kokukhuselwa kweeseli njengoko i-5G isondela
Umda wanamhlanje wokusika kumhlaba wonxibelelwano uza ngohlobo lwetekhnoloji ye5G, isizukulwana sesihlanu senethiwekhi, eza kuzisa isantya sedatha ngokukhawuleza xa kuthelekiswa nenethiwekhi yedatha yeselula ye-3G kunye ne-4G.
Ukwanda kwesidingo setekhnoloji ye-5G kwihlabathi liphela kuzisa nesidingo samandla okuhambisa aphezulu kunye nokufumaneka okungcono kwenethiwekhi. Ukuphendula, iindawo zesiza esitsha zihlala ziphuhliselwa le njongo kwaye iziseko ezikhoyo zenethiwekhi ziyahlengahlengiswa kwaye zandiswe. Ngokucacileyo, iisayithi zeseli kufuneka zithembeke- akukho mqhubi ufuna ukubeka umngcipheko kusilelo lwenethiwekhi okanye ukusebenza okuthintelweyo. Abathengi bafuna isantya esiphezulu kunye nangoko, iinkonzo ezinokuthenjwa, kunye ne-5G izisa isithembiso sezisombululo ezifunekayo njengoko ababoneleli ngefowuni beqhubeka nokuqhuba izilingo kunye nokulungiselela iinethiwekhi zabo ukumelana nokonyuka okukhulu kwemfuno yonxibelelwano. I-5G, nangona kunjalo, ifuna utyalomali olukhulu kwitekhnoloji, ngendleko enkulu, kwaye ngokucacileyo oku kufuneka kukhuselwe kwizinto.
Xa sijonga nakweyiphi na indawo yokunxibelelana ngomnxeba, kufuneka sikhusele ngokucokisekileyo kwimibane, kubandakanya nokubakho kwesitrayikhi ngqo kwezi zixhobo zibuthathaka, kunye neziphumo zayo ezingangqalanga ngohlobo lokudibana kombane. Zombini ezi zinto zinokubangela umonakalo okhawulezileyo, onokuthi ubangele ukuba lihle ixesha kwishishini okanye kwinkonzo, kunye nokuhla komgangatho kwizixhobo ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ukongeza, iindleko zokulungisa zihlala zibiza kakhulu, kuba iinqaba zihlala ikakhulu kwiindawo ezikude. Okwangoku kukho malunga nemirhumo engama-50 yezigidi ze-4G kwimirhumo ye-Afrika engezantsi kweSahara. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokukhula kwenani labantu abancinci kunye noqoqosho olukhula ngokukhawuleza kwilizwekazi, eli nani laqikelelwa ukuba liza kukhula ngeepesenti ezingama-47 phakathi konyaka ka-2017 nowama-2023, xa kuqikelelwa ukuba ngama-310 ezigidi abhalisileyo.
Inani labantu abanokuchaphazeleka kukukhutshwa kwenkqubo ngenene lisenokuba likhulu kakhulu, kwaye ke oku kuyaphinda kugxininise indlela ekubaluleke ngayo ukukhusela ukusilela kwezixhobo. Apha kwakhona siyabona ukuba imibane echanekileyo kunye nezisombululo zomhlaba ziyinxalenye yokuqinisekisa ukubakho kwenethiwekhi kunye nokusebenza okuthembekileyo. Ukuvezwa kwendawo yeemasti zikanomathotholo ezihambayo kubenza babesemngciphekweni wombane ngqo, onokuthi uzikhubaze iinkqubo. Ewe umonakalo uhlala uhlala ubangelwa zi-surges, umzekelo kwimeko yombane osondeleyo. Kukwabalulekile ukukhusela abasebenzi abanokuthi basebenze kwinkqubo ngexesha lesiphango. Umbono opheleleyo wombane kunye nokukhuselwa kokunyuka kuya kubonelela ngokhuseleko olufanelekileyo kunye nokufumaneka kwenkqubo ephezulu.
Ukukhuselwa koKhuselo lweziSeko ezingenazingcingo
ISoyikiso se- $ 26B kwilahleko ngenxa yokunyuka kwamandla
Ukwanda kokuthembela kwanamhlanje kwi-elektroniki ethe-ethe kakhulu kunye neenkqubo ezenza ukhuseleko kwisifundo esona sihloko sixoxayo ukuze kuthintelwe ukulahleka kweshishini eliyintlekele. IZiko le-Inshurensi yoShishino noFundo ngoKhuseleko lwaseKhaya lifumanise ukuba i-26 yezigidigidi zeedola ilahlekile ngenxa yamandla ombane ongekhoyo. Ukongeza, kukho malunga nezigidi ezingama-25 zombane ohlasele eMelika unyaka nonyaka obangela ilahleko iphakathi kwe- $ 650M ukuya kwi- $ 1B.
ISISOMBULUKO soMbono wokuNcitshiswa koKhuseleko lweHlabathi
Ifilosofi yethu ilula -misela umngcipheko wakho kwaye uvavanye yonke imigca (amandla okanye umqondiso) wokuba sesichengeni. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yingcinga "yebhokisi". Isebenza ngokulinganayo kwisiqwenga esinye sezixhobo okanye indawo yonke. Nje ukuba ugqibe "iibhokisi" zakho, kulula ukuphuhlisa inkqubo yokukhuselwa elungelelanisiweyo yokuphelisa zonke izoyikiso ezivela kumbane kunye nokutshintsha i-surges.
IZICELO ZOKUSETYENZISWA KWEZIBONELELO EZINGASETYENZISWAYO
Izixhobo zombane ezithunyelwe ukwakha uthungelwano olungenazingcingo lusemngciphekweni omkhulu kwintshabalalo ebangelwe yimibane kunye neminye imithombo yokunyuka kombane. Kubalulekile ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo esi sixhobo se-elektroniki sibuthathaka ngokhuseleko olukhulayo.
UKHUSELEKO LWENDAWO UMZEKELO
Ukukhuselwa kombane kwezixhobo ezitsha eziSisiseko seSeli
Ukunika ingqalelo kumanqanaba athile afunekayo ukukhusela izixhobo ezixhonywe kwaye ziqulethwe ngaphakathi kweepali ezikhanyayo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxhasa iiseli ezincinci kunye nendawo ezivalekileyo konga ixesha lomoya elilahlekileyo ekuphumeni nasekulungisweni kweendleko.
Isizukulwana esilandelayo se-millimeter-wave (mmW) ye-5G yokuhanjiswa kwetekhnoloji yokunxibelelana ngaphandle kwamacingo, iya kukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwebala elifutshane, ezincinci zeeseli, ikakhulu zikwimo yeepali ezihlanganisiweyo zezitalato, kwiindawo ezisezidolophini nasezixekweni.
Ezi zakhiwo, ezihlala zibizwa ngokuba ziipali "ezikrelekrele" okanye "ezincinci", zihlala zineendibano ezixineneyo ezineenkqubo ze-elektroniki. Iindawo ezincinci zeseli zinokwakhiwa kwiipali zentsimbi esele zikhona okanye ezintsha, nokuba zifihlwe ngokuyinxenye okanye zifihlwe ngokupheleleyo, nakwiipali ezikhoyo zomthi. Ezi nkqubo zekhompyuter zibandakanya:
- Iiradiyo ezisebenzisa amandla ombane we-ACW mmW 5G kunye nokunikezelwa kwezinto ezininzi ezinokufakelwa kwimveliso ezininzi (MIMO) zokwenza iinkqubo ze-eriyali
- I-AC- okanye i-DC-inikwe amandla i-4G radios
- Izilungiso ze-AC / DC okanye iiyunithi zamandla ezikude
- Iinkqubo zealam kunye nezivamvo zokungena
- Iinkqubo zokungenisa umoya ezinyanzelisiweyo
Iiphaneli zokuhambisa umbane ze-AC kunye ne-DC ezinesixhobo sokulinganisa amandla
Kwiimeko ezinobunkunkqele ngakumbi, ezi zibonda ze-smart ziya kuthi zidibanise ii-hubs zedolophu ezi-smart ezinee-sensors, ezinje ngeekhamera ezifihliweyo ezinesisombululo esiphakamileyo, ii-microphones zokufumanisa imipu kunye neenzwa zemozulu ukubala isalathiso se-ultraviolet (UV) kunye nokulinganisa ukukhanya kwelanga kunye nemitha yelanga. Ukongeza, iipali zinokuhlala ngaphezulu kweesassemblies, ezinje ngeengalo zenkxaso kwizikhanyisi zesitalato ze-LED, izikhanyiso eziqhelekileyo zendlela kunye nezikhonkwane zokutshaja kwezithuthi zombane.
Inkqubo yokuxhobisa esembindini ihlala inikezelwa ngaphakathi kwipali ngokusebenzisa imivalo ebekwe kwindawo efanelekileyo, apho iinkqubo zonomathotholo ezahlukeneyo zinxityelelaniswe khona. Ngokwesiqhelo, umbhexeshi ongathathi hlangothi wombane ongenayo wokungenisa umbane unxulunyaniswa nomhlaba kwisiseko semitha yamandla, ethi yona iphinde ibotshelelwe ibar enkulu yomhlaba. Inkqubo yomhlaba wepali wangaphandle ubotshelelwe kule bar ephambili yomhlaba.
Ipali elula yokukhanya ebonwa ezindleleni nakwiipavumente zedolophu ziyatshintsha kwaye kungekudala iza kuba yinto ebalulekileyo kwiziseko ezitsha ezingenazingcingo ze5G. Ezi nkqubo ziya kubaluleka kakhulu kuba zixhasa umaleko omtsha wobuchwephesha wothungelwano lweeselfowuni kwiinkonzo ezikhawulezayo. Ezi zakhiwo zeepali azisayi kuphinda zilungele ukukhanya kwezibane. Endaweni yoko, baya kuba sisiseko setekhnoloji ephucukileyo. Ngale nkqubela phambili yokudityaniswa, ukubanakho kunye nokuxhomekeka kuza kumngcipheko ongenakuphepheka. Nokuba zineendawo eziphakamileyo eziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa neeseli zemacro, ezi nkqubo zisekhompyutheni zinobunkunkqele ekubonakaleni ngakumbi ekuthintekeni komonakalo osuka kwi-overvoltage surges kunye nethutyana.
Umonakalo weVoltage
Ukubaluleka kwezi seli zincinci kwiziseko ze-5G akunakuthathelwa phantsi. Kude kube nje kusetyenziselwa ukuzalisa izithuba ekugubungeleni unomathotholo kunye nokwandisa amandla, kwiinethiwekhi ze-5G iiseli ezincinci ziya kuba ziindawo zokuqala zenethiwekhi yokufikelela, zibonelela ngeenkonzo ezikhawulezayo ngexesha langempela. Ezi nkqubo zihambele phambili kwezobuchwephesha zinokubonelela ngonxibelelwano lweenkonzo ze-gigabit ezibalulekileyo kubathengi apho ukungabikho kwezinto kunganyamezelwa. Oku kufuna ukuba kusetyenziswe izixhobo ezikhuselekileyo zokukhusela izixhobo (SPDs) ukugcina ukufumaneka kwezi ndawo.
Umthombo wobungozi be-overvoltage obunjalo unokwahlulwa ngokubanzi ngokweendidi ezimbini: ezo zibangelwe kukuphazamiseka kwemitha yomoya kunye nezo zibangelwe kukuphazamiseka kombane.
Makhe siqwalasele nganye nganye:
Ukuphazamiseka kwimitha kubangelwa yimisitho yomoya, njengokuphuma kombane okufuphi okudala utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kuzo zombini iindawo zombane kunye nombane ojikeleze ulwakhiwo. Ezi ndawo zihluka ngokukhawuleza zombane kunye nemagnethi zinokutshatisa kunye neenkqubo zombane kunye neze-elektroniki ngaphakathi kwipali yokuvelisa ukonakala kwamaza kunye neevolthi. Ewe, ukukhuselwa kukaFaraday okwenziwe sisakhiwo esisinyithi sepali kuya kunceda ukunciphisa ezo ziphumo; Nangona kunjalo, ayinakukunciphisa ngokupheleleyo ingxaki. Iinkqubo ze-eriyali ezibuthathaka zezi seli zincinci zijolise ikakhulu kumaza amandla amakhulu ekuphumeni kombane embindini (i-5G izakusebenza kumabhendi amaza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-39 GHz). Yiyo loo nto zinokuthi zisebenze njengemijelo yokuvumela la mandla ukuba angene kulwakhiwo, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba kungabikho kuphela iiradio zangaphambili, kodwa nakwezinye iinkqubo zombane ezihambelana nepali.
Ukuphazamiseka okwenziweyo ubukhulu becala kukufumana kwabo indlela kwipali ngokusebenzisa iintambo eziqhubayo. Oku kubandakanya amandla ombane ahambisa umbane kunye nolayini bomqondiso, onokuthi ubhangise iinkqubo zangaphakathi zombane eziqulathwe kwipali ukuya kwindalo engaphandle. Kuba kucingelwa ukuba ukuthunyelwa kweeseli ezincinci kuya kusebenzisa ubukhulu becala iziseko ezikhoyo zombane ezitalatweni zikamasipala okanye endaweni yazo kufakwe iipali ezifanelekileyo, iiseli ezincinci ziya kuxhomekeka kunikezelo lweentambo ezikhoyo. Rhoqo, eUnited States, ii-wiring zombane eziluncedo kangako azingcwatywa. Inokuchaphazeleka ngokukodwa kukugcwala, kunye nomjelo wokuqala wamandla okunyusa ukungena kwipali kunye nokonakalisa i-elektroniki yangaphakathi.
Ukukhuselwa kombane (OVP)
Imigangatho enje nge-IEC 61643-11: 2011 ichaza ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezikhuselayo zokuthomalalisa iimpembelelo zolo vuko. Ii-SPD zihlelwa ngokodidi lovavanyo lwendawo yombane ekujongwe ukuba isebenze kuyo. Umzekelo, iCandelo I-SPD lelinye eliye lavavanywa ukumelana - kusetyenziswa isigama se-IEC- “ukukhutshwa kombane ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokuyinxenye.” Oku kuthetha ukuba i-SPD iye yavavanywa ukumelana namandla kunye nefomathi yamaza enxulunyaniswa nokukhutshwa okunokwenzeka ukuba kungene isakhiwo kwindawo ebonakalayo.
Njengoko sijonga ukuthunyelwa kwezixhobo ezincinci zeseli, kuyacaca ukuba izakhiwo ziya kubonakala. Uninzi lweepali ezinjalo kulindeleke ukuba luvele ecaleni kweendawo zokuhlala kunye neepavumente zeedolophu ezinkulu. Kukwalindeleke ukuba iipali ezinjalo zande kwiindawo zokuhlanganisana, ezifana nebala lezemidlalo ngaphakathi nangaphandle, amaziko okuthenga nakwiindawo zekhonsathi. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba ii-SPD ezikhethiweyo ukukhusela isibonelelo sokungena kwenkonzo yokuqala zikalwe ngokufanelekileyo kule meko yombane kwaye zihlangane novavanyo lweCandelo I, okt, ukuba banokumelana namandla ahambelana nokukhutshelwa ngokuthe ngqo, okanye ngokungqalileyo. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba i-SPD ekhethiweyo ibe nenqanaba lokuma okungxamisekileyo (Iimp) ye-12.5 kA ukuze ikwazi ukumelana ngokukhuselekileyo nenqanaba lokoyikisa kwezo ndawo.
Ukukhethwa kwe-SPD ekwaziyo ukumelana nenqanaba lesoyikiso elinxulumene nayo ngokwako akwanelanga ukuqinisekisa ukuba izixhobo zinikwa ukhuseleko olwaneleyo. I-SPD kufuneka isinciphise isiganeko esiqhutyelwe kwinqanaba lokukhuselwa kwamandla ombane (Phezulu) ngaphantsi kwenqanaba lokumelana (Uw) kwizixhobo zombane ngaphakathi kwipali. I-IEC icebisa ukuba Phezulu <0.8 Uw.
Itekhnoloji ye-SPD ye-LSP yenzelwe ngenjongo ukubonelela nge-Iimp kunye nokuPhakama kwamanqanaba ukukhusela imishini ebuthathaka yezixhobo zombane ezifumaneka kulwakhiwo oluncinci lweeseli. Itekhnoloji ye-LSP ithathelwa ingqalelo njengongenasondlo kwaye inokumelana namawaka eziganeko eziphindaphindayo ngaphandle kokungaphumeleli okanye ukuthotywa. Inika isisombululo esikhuselekileyo nesithembekileyo esiphelisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezinokutsha, ukutshaya okanye ukuqhuma. Ngokusekwe kwiminyaka yokusebenza kwentsimi, ixesha elilindelekileyo lobomi be-LSP lingaphezulu kweminyaka engama-20, kwaye zonke iimodyuli zibonelelwa ngeminyaka eli-10 enesiqinisekiso sokuphila.
Iimveliso zivavanywa ngokwemigangatho yokhuseleko lwamazwe aphesheya (i-EN kunye ne-IEC) kwaye zibonelela ngokusebenza ngokungalinganiyo ngokuchasene nemibane kunye namandla ombane. Ngapha koko, ukhuseleko lwe-LSP ludityanisiwe kwindawo evaliweyo yokuhanjiswa kwe-AC efanelekileyo ukuba ifakwe ngaphakathi kweepali ezincinci zeseli. Oku kunika ukhuseleko olugqithisileyo kwinkonzo ye-AC engenayo kunye neesekethe zokuhambisa eziphumayo, ngaloo ndlela zibonelela ngendawo efanelekileyo apho inkonzo eluncedo evela kwimitha yombane inokungena kwaye isasaze ngaphakathi kwipali.
Umbane kunye nokukhuselwa kokukhutshwa kwesikhululo sesiseko se-5G somnxeba kunye neeseli zeseli
Ngokubhekiselele kumgangatho wokukhusela umhlaba wokukhusela, i-LSP ithathwa njengokhetho lokubonelela ngesixhobo sokukhusela (SPD) seprojekthi yesikhululo sesiseko se-5G kwisikhululo saseKorea. Ii-SPD ziya kubonelelwa njengenxalenye yeemveliso zokugqibela. Ngexesha lentlanganiso, i-LSP kunye nabathengi baseKorea baxoxa ngesisombululo esipheleleyo sokukhusela isikhululo somnxeba se5G.
imvelaphi:
Mfutshane kwisizukulwana sesihlanu, i-5G yinkqubo yenethiwekhi engenazingcingo engenazingcingo ebonelela malunga namaxesha angama-20 ngesantya sokudlulisa ngokukhawuleza kunesizukulwane sesine okanye isinxibelelanisi sexesha elide. Iinkokeli zehlabathi kumnxeba wonxibelelwano zihamba ngesantya kwi-5G. Umzekelo, u-Nokia ubhengeze ukuphakamisa phantse i-400 yezigidi zeedola kwi-5G yophando kulo nyaka. Njengoko i-CTO yayo isitsho, "Njengenxalenye yesicwangciso-qhinga esijolise kuso, siyalwandisa utyalo-mali lwethu ukukhusela ubunkokeli kwezobuchwephesha kwi-5G, IoT, nakwiinkonzo zedijithali. Kwiminyaka ezayo, siza kubona uthungelwano lwe5G luya kuphila kwihlabathi liphela, ngokuhanjiswa okukhulu ukusuka kwi2020, kwaye siyakholelwa ukuba kuya kubakho ukubhaliswa kwe-1G yezigidigidi nge-5. ”
I-LSP ibonelela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokukhusela eziguqulwe kuzo zonke iinethiwekhi: Amandla e-AC, amandla e-DC, iTelecom, idatha kunye neCoaxial.
