Umbane kunye nokukhuselwa kokukhusela uphahla lwenkqubo yeefotovoltaic

Okwangoku, iinkqubo ezininzi ze-PV zifakiwe. Ngokusekwe kwinto yokuba umbane ozivelisele ngokwakho ubiza ixabiso eliphantsi kwaye ubonelela ngenqanaba eliphezulu lokuzimela kombane kwigridi, iinkqubo ze-PV ziya kuba yinxalenye yofakelo lombane kwixesha elizayo. Nangona kunjalo, ezi nkqubo zichanekile kuzo zonke iimeko zemozulu kwaye kufuneka zimelane nazo kumashumi eminyaka.

Iintambo zeenkqubo ze-PV zihlala zingena kwisakhiwo kwaye zandise umgama omde zide zifike kwindawo yoqhagamshelo lwegridi.

Ukukhutshelwa kombane kubangela ukuphazamiseka okusekwe kumhlaba kunye nokuqhutywa kombane. Esi siphumo sonyuka ngokunxulumene nokwanda kobude bekhebula okanye ii-loops zomqhubi. Ukunyuka akonakalisi iimodyuli ze-PV kuphela, ii-inverters kunye nokujonga kwabo izinto zombane kodwa kunye nezixhobo kulwakhiwo lwesakhiwo.

Okubaluleke ngakumbi, izibonelelo zemveliso zezakhiwo zeshishini zinokonakala ngokulula kwaye imveliso inokuma.

Ukuba ama-surges afakwe kwiinkqubo ezikude kakhulu kwigridi yamandla ombane, ekwabizwa ngokuba ziinkqubo ze-PV ezimeleyo, ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezixhotyiswa ngombane welanga (umz. Izixhobo zonyango, unikezelo lwamanzi) zinokuphazamiseka.

Imfuneko yenkqubo yokukhusela imibane eluphahleni

Amandla akhutshwa ngumbane yenye yezona zinto zibangela umlilo. Ke ngoko, ukhuseleko lomntu kunye nolomlilo kubaluleke kakhulu kwimeko yogwayimbo ngqo lombane kwisakhiwo.

Kwinqanaba loyilo lwenkqubo ye-PV, kuyacaca ukuba ngaba inkqubo yokhuseleko yombane ifakwe kwisakhiwo. Imithetho yokwakha yamanye amazwe ifuna ukuba izakhiwo zoluntu (umz. Iindawo zendibano yoluntu, izikolo nezibhedlele) kufuneka zixhotyiswe ngombane. Kwimeko yezakhiwo zeshishini okanye zabucala, kuxhomekeke kwindawo ezikuyo, uhlobo lolwakhiwo kunye nokusetyenziswa nokuba ngaba inkqubo yokhuseleko yombane kufuneka ifakwe na. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kufuneka kugqitywe ukuba ngaba ukubaneka kombane kuya kulindeleka okanye kunokuba neziphumo ezibi. Ulwakhiwo olufuna ukhuseleko kufuneka lubonelelwe ngeenkqubo zokukhusela imibane ngokusisigxina.

Ngokwemeko yolwazi lwenzululwazi kunye nezobuchwephesha, ukufakwa kweemodyuli ze-PV akuwonyusi umngcipheko wesitrayikhi sombane. Ke ngoko, isicelo samanyathelo okhuseleko ombane awunakufunyanwa ngokuthe ngqo kubukho benkqubo ye-PV. Nangona kunjalo, uphazamiseko olukhulu lombane lunokujojelwa kwisakhiwo ngezi nkqubo.

Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukumisela umngcipheko ngenxa yesitrayikhi sombane ngokwe-IEC 62305-2 (EN 62305-2) kunye nokuthatha iziphumo kolu hlalutyo lomngcipheko xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo inkqubo ye-PV.

Icandelo 4.5 (uLawulo loMngcipheko) weSongezelelo 5 somgangatho waseJamani we-DIN EN 62305-3 uchaza ukuba inkqubo yokhuselo lombane eyilelwe iklasi ye-LPS III (LPL III) ihlangabezana neemfuno eziqhelekileyo zeenkqubo ze-PV. Ukongeza, amanyathelo okhuseleko ombane adwelisiwe kwisikhokelo seJamani iVdS 2010 (umbane ojolise kumngcipheko kunye nokukhuselwa kokunyuka) opapashwe nguMbutho weinshurensi yaseJamani. Esi sikhokelo sifuna ukuba i-LPL III kwaye ke inkqubo yokhuseleko yombane ngokodidi lwe-LPS III mayifakelwe iinkqubo zophahla lwe-PV (> 10 kW_p) kwaye kuthathwe amanyathelo okhuseleko. Njengomgaqo oqhelekileyo, iinkqubo zophahla lwefotovoltaic akufuneki ziphazamisane neendlela ezikhoyo zokukhusela umbane.

Imfuneko yokukhuselwa kokunyuka kweenkqubo ze-PV

Kwimeko yokukhutshelwa ngombane, i-surges inyanzeliswa kubaqhubi bombane. Izixhobo zokukhusela (ii-SPDs) ekufuneka zifakelwe phezulu kwizixhobo eziza kukhuselwa kwi-ac, dc nakwicala ledatha zibonakalise zisebenza kakuhle ekukhuseleni iinkqubo zombane kwezi ntaba zevolthi zonakalisayo. Icandelo 9.1 le-CENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12 imigangatho (Ukukhethwa kunye nemigaqo yokufaka izicelo - ii-SPD ezixhumeke kufakelo lwe-photovoltaic) zifuna ukufakelwa kwezixhobo zokukhusela ngaphandle kokuba uhlalutyo lomngcipheko lubonisa ukuba ii-SPDs azifuneki. Ngokwe-IEC 60364-4-44 (HD 60364-4-44) esemgangathweni, izixhobo zokukhusela izixhobo kufuneka zifakelwe nakwizakhiwo ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokhuseleko yombane yangaphandle enje ngezakhiwo zorhwebo nezamashishini, umz. Isongezelelo 5 somgangatho waseJamani we-DIN EN 62305-3 ubonelela ngenkcazo eneenkcukacha zeentlobo ze-SPD kunye nendawo yazo yofakelo.

Ukuhanjiswa kwentambo kweenkqubo ze-PV

Iintambo kufuneka zihanjiswe ngendlela yokuba kuthintelwe iiluphu ezinkulu zabaqhubi. Oku kufuneka kuqatshelwe xa kudityaniswa iisekethe ze-dc ukwenza umtya naxa uqhagamshela imitya eliqela. Ngaphaya koko, idatha okanye ilayini yesenzi akufuneki ihanjiswe kwimitya emininzi kwaye yenze iiluphu ezinkulu zabaqhubi ngemigca yomtya. Oku kufuneka kuqatshelwe xa uqhagamshela inverter kunxibelelwano lwegridi. Ngesi sizathu, amandla (i-dc kunye ne-ac) kunye nemigca yedatha (umz.

Iindlebe zeenkqubo ze-PV

Iimodyuli ze-PV zihlala zimiselwe kwiinkqubo zokufaka isinyithi. Izinto eziphilayo ze-PV kwicala le-dc zibonisa ukwambathisa okuphindwe kabini okanye okuqinisiweyo (ngokuthelekiswa nokhuseleko lwangaphambili) njengoko kufunwa kumgangatho we-IEC 60364-4-41. Indibaniselwano yeetekhnoloji ezininzi kwimodyuli nakwinxalenye ye-inverter (umz. Ngaphandle okanye ukwahlukaniswa kwe-galvanic) kukhokelela kwiimfuno zomhlaba ezahlukeneyo. Ngapha koko, inkqubo yokujonga ubushushu edityaniswe kwii-inverters isebenza kuphela ngokusisigxina ukuba inkqubo yokukhwela ixhunyiwe emhlabeni. Ulwazi malunga nokuphunyezwa okusebenzayo kubonelelwe kwiSongezelelo 5 somgangatho waseJamani we-DIN EN 62305-3. Ubume besinyithi busebenza ngokufanelekileyo ukuba inkqubo ye-PV ibekwe kumthamo okhuselweyo weenkqubo zokupheliswa komoya kwaye umgama wokwahlula ugcinwa. Icandelo le-7 le-Supplement 5 lifuna abaqhubi bezobhedu abanqamleze ubuncinci ubuncinci i-6 mm² okanye ulingana nokusebenza komhlaba (Umzobo 1). Iileyili ezixhonyiweyo kufuneka zinxibelelaniswe ngokusisigxina nabaqhubi beli candelo linqamlezileyo. Ukuba inkqubo yokunyuka iqhagamshele ngqo kwinkqubo yokhuseleko yombane yangaphandle ngenxa yokuba umgama wokwahlula s ungenakugcinwa, abaqhubi baba yinxalenye yenkqubo yombane ye-equipotential bonding. Ngenxa yoko, ezi zinto kufuneka zikwazi ukuthwala imibane. Ubuncinci obufunekayo benkqubo yokukhusela umbane eyilelwe iklasi ye-LPS III ngumqhubi wobhedu onqamlezayo we-16 mm² okanye ngokulinganayo. Kule meko, iileyili ezinyukayo kufuneka zidityaniswe ngokusisigxina ngabaqhubi beli candelo lomnqamlezo (Umzobo 2). Umsebenzi womhlaba / umbane oxhobileyo wokuqhuba umbane kufuneka uhanjiswe ngendlela efanayo kwaye usondele kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwi-dc kunye ne-ac cables / lines.

I-UNI yamasango asemhlabeni (Umzobo 3) inokumiliselwa kuzo zonke iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokunyuka. Baxhuma, umzekelo, abaqhubi bezobhedu kunye necandelo le-6 okanye le-16 mm² kunye neengcingo zomhlaba ezingenanto kunye nobubanzi ukusuka kwi-8 ukuya kwi-10 mm ukuya kwinkqubo yokunyusa ngendlela enokuthi ikwazi ukuhambisa imibane yombane. Isinyithi esidityanisiweyo esingenasici (V4A) sokunxibelelana kwepleyiti siqinisekisa ukukhuselwa komhlwa kwiinkqubo zokunyuka kwealuminium.

Ukwahlula umgama ngokwe-IEC 62305-3 (EN 62305-3) Umgama othile wokwahlula kufuneka ugcinwe phakathi kwenkqubo yokhuseleko yombane kunye nenkqubo yePV. Icacisa umgama ofunekayo ukunqanda ukungalawuleki kwe-flashover ukuya kwiindawo zentsimbi ezikufutshane ngenxa yesitrayikhi sombane ukuya kwinkqubo yokhuseleko yombane yangaphandle. Kwiimeko ezimbi kakhulu, i-flashover engalawulekiyo inokutshisa isakhiwo ngomlilo. Kule meko, ukonakala kwenkqubo ye-PV kuya kuba yinto engenamsebenzi.

Izithunzi ezingundoqo kwiiseli zelanga

Umgama phakathi komvelisi welanga kunye nenkqubo yokukhusela umbane wangaphandle kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthintela ukugquma okungaphezulu. Ukusasaza izithunzi ezenziwe ngumzekelo, imigca ephezulu, ayichaphazeli kakhulu inkqubo ye-PV kunye nesivuno. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko yezithunzi ezingundoqo, isithunzi esimnyama esicaciswe gca siphoswa kumphezulu ongasemva kwento, sitshintsha imeko yangoku ehamba kwiimodyuli ze-PV. Ngesi sizathu, iiseli zelanga kunye nee-diode zokudlula ezinxulumene noko akufuneki zichatshazelwe zizithunzi ezingundoqo. Oku kunokufezekiswa ngokugcina umgama owaneleyo. Umzekelo, ukuba intonga yokuphelisa umoya enobubanzi beemilimitha ezili-10 mm kwimodyuli, isithunzi esingundoqo sincitshisiwe ngokuthe chu njengoko umgama ukusuka kwimodyuli unyuka. Emva kwe-1.08 m kuphela isithunzi esasasazekayo siphoswa kwimodyuli (Umzobo 4). Isihlomelo A songezelelo 5 somgangatho waseJamani we-DIN EN 62305-3 sibonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokubala kwezithunzi ezingundoqo.

Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zokukhusela izixhobo ze-dc kwicala leenkqubo ze-photovoltaic

Iimpawu ze-U / I zemithombo yangoku ye-photovoltaic yahluke kakhulu kuleyo yemithombo ye-dc yesiqhelo: Banempawu ezingahambelaniyo nomzobo (Umzobo 5) kwaye babangele ukuzingisa kwexesha elide kwe-arcs. Uhlobo olwahlukileyo lwemithombo yangoku ye-PV ayifuni kuphela ukutshintshwa kwe-PV enkulu kunye neefomathi ze-PV, kodwa ikwakhona isixhobo sokukhupha isixhobo sokukhusela isixhobo esikhuselweyo esilungiselelwe olu hlobo lukhethekileyo kwaye sikwazi ukujongana nemisinga ye-PV. Ukongezwa kwe-5 ye-DIN yaseJamani EN 62305-3 esemgangathweni (kwicandelwana 5.6.1, 1 Table) ichaza ukhetho lwee-SPD ezifanelekileyo.

Ukuququzelela ukukhethwa kohlobo lwe-1 SPDs, iitafile 1 kunye ne-2 zibonisa amandla ombane afunekayo okuqhuba ngoku_imp kuxhomekeka kwiklasi ye-LPS, inani eliphantsi labaqhubi beenkqubo zokhuselo lombane lwangaphandle kunye nohlobo lwe-SPD (i-voltage-limiting varistor-based arrester okanye i-voltage-switching spark-gap-based arrester). Ii-SPDs ezihambelana nomgangatho we-EN 50539-11 ofanelekileyo kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Icandelwana 9.2.2.7 leCENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12 likwabhekisa kulo mgangatho.

Chwetheza 1 dc arrester ukuze isetyenziswe kwiinkqubo ze-PV:

Uhlobo lwe-Multipole 1 + uhlobo 2 oludibeneyo lwe-dc arrester FLP7-PV. Esi sixhobo sokutshintsha kwe-dc siqulathe uqhagamshelo oludibeneyo kunye nesixhobo sokujikeleza esifutshane kunye noLawulo lweDymo Dynamic kunye nefyuzi kwindlela yokudlula. Le sekethe ikhusele ngokukhuselekileyo umbanjwa kumandla ombane wenkunkuma kwimeko yokugcwala kakhulu kwaye ucime ngokuthembekileyo ii-arcs. Yiyo loo nto ivumela ukukhusela iijenali ze-PV ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000 A ngaphandle kwefyuzi eyongezelelweyo yogcino. Lo mbanjwa udibanisa umbane okhoyo ngoku kunye nokubanjwa kwesixhobo esinye, ngaloo ndlela kuqinisekiswe ukukhuselwa okusebenzayo kwezixhobo zokuphela. Ngomthamo wayo wokukhupha I_lilonke ye-12.5 kA (10/350 μs), inokusetyenziselwa izinto eziguquguqukayo kwiiklasi eziphezulu ze-LPS. I-FLP7-PV iyafumaneka ngee-voltages U_CPV ye-600 V, 1000 V, kunye ne-1500 V kwaye inobubanzi beemodyuli ezi-3 kuphela. Ke ngoko, i-FLP7-PV lolona hlobo lufanelekileyo 1 edibeneyo yokubanjwa ukuze isetyenziswe kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa umbane ze-photovoltaic.

Ukutshintsha kwe-Voltage-switch-based-based type 1 SPDs, umzekelo, i-FLP12,5-PV, yenye itekhnoloji enamandla evumela ukukhupha imibane yombane kwimeko yeenkqubo ze-dc PV. Ngombulelo kubuchwephesha bayo be-spark kunye ne-dc extinction circuit evumela ukukhusela ngokufanelekileyo iinkqubo ezikwikhompyuter, uthotho lokubanjwa lunombane ophakamileyo okhoyo ngoku_lilonke I-50 kA (10/350 μs) eyahlukileyo kwintengiso.

Chwetheza i-2 dc arrester ukuze isetyenziswe kwiinkqubo ze-PV: SLP40-PV

Ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwe-SPDs kwi-dc PV circuits nako kubalulekile xa usebenzisa uhlobo 2 lwezixhobo zokukhusela. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, uthotho lwe-SLP40-PV yokuphinda ibambe abantu abakwizikrweqe zokukhusela i-Y kwaye banxibelelana neejenali ze-PV ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1000 A ngaphandle kwefyuzi yokuxhasa eyongezelelweyo.

Iitekhnoloji ezininzi ezidityanisiweyo kwaba babanjiweyo zithintela ukonakala kwesixhobo sokukhusela ngenxa yeempazamo zokugquma kwisekethe ye-PV, umngcipheko wokutsha komntu obambe umthwalo ongaphezulu komntu kwaye ubeka umbanjwa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yombane ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwenkqubo ye-PV. Ngombulelo kwisekethe yokukhusela, uphawu lokunciphisa umda we-varistors lunokusetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo nakwiisekethe ze-dc zeenkqubo ze-PV. Ukongeza, isixhobo esisebenza ngokusisigxina esikhuselayo sinciphisa iincopho zamandla ombane amancinci.

Ukukhethwa kwee-SPD ngokwenqanaba lokukhusela i-U_p

Umbane osebenzayo kwicala le-dc kwicala leenkqubo ze-PV zahlukile kwinkqubo ukuya kwinkqubo. Okwangoku, amaxabiso ukuya kuthi ga kwi-1500 V dc kunokwenzeka. Ngenxa yoko, amandla ombane wee-terminal yezixhobo nawo ayahluka. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo ye-PV ikhuselwe ngokuthembekileyo, inqanaba lokhuseleko lombane u_p kwi-SPD kufuneka ibe sezantsi kunamandla e-dielectric enkqubo ye-PV ekufuneka ikhuselwe. Umgangatho weCENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12 ufuna ukuba phezulu okungenani ama-20% asezantsi kunamandla ombane wenkqubo ye-PV. Uhlobo lwe-1 okanye uhlobo lwe-2 ii-SPD kufuneka zilungelelaniswe namandla kunye nezixhobo zesiphelo. Ukuba ii-SPDs sele zidityanisiwe kwizixhobo zokuphela, ulungelelwaniso phakathi kohlobo lwe-2 SPD kunye nokufakwa kwesekethe yezixhobo zesiphelo kuqinisekiswa ngumenzi.

Imizekelo yesicelo:

Ukwakha ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokukhusela imibane yangaphandle (imeko A)

Umzobo 12 ubonisa umxholo wokhuseleko kwi-PV efakwe kwisakhiwo ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokukhusela umbane yangaphandle. I-surges eyingozi ingena kwinkqubo ye-PV ngenxa yokuhlangana okunganyanzelekanga okubangelwe kukuhlasela kombane okukufutshane okanye ukuhamba kwinkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla ngokungena kwenkonzo kufakelo lomthengi. Uhlobo lwe-2 ii-SPDs ziya kufakwa kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:

Kwicala leemodyuli kunye nee-inverters

Iziphumo ze-ac zenguquko

-Ibhodi yokuhambisa umbane esezantsi

Unxibelelwano olunentambo

Yonke igalelo le-dc (MPP) ye-inverter kufuneka ikhuselwe ngohlobo lwesibini isixhobo sokukhusela, umzekelo, uthotho lwe-SLP2-PV, ekhusela ngokuthembekileyo i-dc kwicala leenkqubo ze-PV. Umgangatho weCENELEC CLC / TS 40-50539 ufuna ukuba kufakelwe uhlobo olongeziweyo lokubanjwa kwe-12c kwicala lemodyuli ukuba umgama phakathi kwegalelo le-inverter kunye nomvelisi we-PV ungaphezulu kwe-2 m.

Iziphumo ze-inverters zikhuselwe ngokwaneleyo ukuba umgama phakathi kwee-inverters ze-PV kunye nendawo yofakelo lwohlobo lwe-2 arrester kwindawo yokudibanisa i-grid (i-low-voltage infeed) ingaphantsi kwe-10 m. Kwimeko yobude bekhebula obukhulu, uhlobo olongezelelweyo 2 isixhobo sokukhusela, umzekelo, uthotho lwe-SLP40-275, kufuneka lufakelwe ngaphezulu kwe-ac igalelo le-inverter ngokweCENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12.

Ngaphaya koko, uhlobo lwe-2 SLP40-275 yesixhobo esikhuselayo sokuthintela kufuneka sifakwe kumazantsi emitha ye-voltage yamandla asezantsi. I-CI (ukuphazanyiswa kwesekethe) imele ifyuzi edityanisiweyo edityaniswe kwindlela yokhuselo yombanjwa, ivumela umbanjwa ukuba asetyenziswe kwi-ac isekethe ngaphandle komoya ongezelelweyo wokugcina. Uchungechunge lwe-SLP40-275 luyafumaneka kulungelelwaniso lwenkqubo ye-voltage esezantsi (TN-C, TN-S, TT).

Ukuba ii-inverters ziqhagamshelwe kwidatha nakwimigca yesenzi yokujonga imveliso, izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela ziyafuneka. Uchungechunge lwe-FLD2, olubonisa iiterminal zeebini ezimbini, umzekelo kwimigca yedatha engenayo nephumayo, inokusetyenziselwa iinkqubo zedatha esekwe kwi-RS 485.

Ukwakha ngenkqubo yokhuseleko yombane yangaphandle kunye nomgama owaneleyo wokwahlula (imeko B)

Umzobo 13 ibonisa umxholo wokukhusela inkqubo ye-PV ngenkqubo yokhuseleko yombane yangaphandle kunye nomgama owaneleyo wokwahlula phakathi kwenkqubo ye-PV kunye nenkqubo yokhuseleko yombane yangaphandle.

Eyona njongo iphambili yokhuselo kukuphepha ukonakalisa abantu nepropathi (ukwakha umlilo) ngenxa yombane. Kule meko, kubalulekile ukuba inkqubo ye-PV ingaphazamisi inkqubo yokhuseleko yombane yangaphandle. Ngapha koko, inkqubo ye-PV ngokwayo kufuneka ikhuselwe kugwayimbo ngqo. Oku kuthetha ukuba inkqubo ye-PV kufuneka ifakwe kumthamo okhuselweyo wenkqubo yokukhusela umbane wangaphandle. Lo mthamo ukhuselweyo wenziwa ziinkqubo zokupheliswa komoya (umzekelo, iintonga zokuphelisa umoya) ezithintela ukubetha ngokuthe ngqo kwiimodyuli ze-PV kunye neentambo. Indlela yokukhusela (Umfanekiso 14) okanye ukuqengqa indlela yommandla (Umfanekiso 15) njengoko kuchaziwe kwicandelwana 5.2.2 le-IEC 62305-3 (EN 62305-3) esemgangathweni inokusetyenziselwa ukumisela le volumu ikhuselweyo. Umgama othile wokwahlula-hlula kufuneka ugcinwe phakathi kwawo onke amalungu eenkqubo ze-PV kunye nenkqubo yokukhusela umbane. Kule meko, izithunzi ezingundoqo kufuneka zithintelwe, umzekelo, ukugcina umgama owaneleyo phakathi kweentonga zokuphelisa umoya kunye nemodyuli yePV.

Ukudibanisa umbane sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokhuseleko lombane. Kufuneka iphunyezwe kuzo zonke iinkqubo zokuhamba kunye nemigca engena kwisakhiwo enokuthi ithwale imibane yombane. Oku kufezekiswa ngokudibanisa ngokuthe ngqo zonke iisistim zesinyithi kunye nokudibanisa ngokungathanga ngqo zonke iinkqubo ezomeleleyo ngohlobo loku-1 kombane obanjiweyo ngoku kwinkqubo yokupheliswa komhlaba. Umbane wokuxhobisa umbane kufuneka uphunyezwe kufutshane kangangoko kwindawo yokungena kwisakhiwo ukunqanda imibane yombane ukuba ingene kwisakhiwo. Indawo yoqhagamshelo lwegridi kufuneka ikhuselwe ngohlobo lwe-SPD esekwe kwi-multipole, umzekelo, uhlobo 1 FLP1GR edibeneyo yokubanjwa. Lo mbanjwa udibanisa umbane okhoyo ngoku kunye nokubanjwa kwesixhobo esinye. Ukuba ubude bekhebula phakathi kwe-arrester kunye ne-inverter bangaphantsi kwe-25 m, ukhuseleko olwaneleyo lubonelelwe. Kwimeko yobude bekhebula obukhulu, uhlobo olongezelelweyo 10 lwezixhobo zokukhusela kufuneka zifakelwe phezulu kwi-ac igalelo labaguquli ngokweCENELEC CLC / TS 2-50539.

Yonke i-dc igalelo le-inverter kufuneka likhuselwe ngohlobo lwe-2 PV arrester, umzekelo, SLP40-PV uthotho (Umzobo 16). Oku kuyasebenza nakwizixhobo ezingenaguquli. Ukuba ii-inverters ziqhagamshelwe kwimigca yedatha, umzekelo, ukubeka esweni imveliso, kufuneka kufakelwe izixhobo zokukhusela ukukhusela ukuhanjiswa kwedatha. Ukulungiselela le njongo, uluhlu lwe-FLPD2 lunokubonelelwa ngemigca enesiginali ye-analog kunye neenkqubo zebhasi yedatha efana ne-RS485. Ifumanisa amandla ombane osetyenziswayo kwaye ilungelelanise inqanaba lokhuseleko lwamandla ombane kule voltage yokusebenza.

Umbane we-HVI oQinisekisiweyo, onganyangekiyo

Elinye ithuba lokugcina umgama wokwahlula kukusebenzisa ii-high-voltage-resistant-ins, insulated HVI Conductor ezivumela ukugcina umgama wokwahlula ukuya kwi-0.9 m emoyeni. Abaqhubi be-HVI banokuqhagamshelana ngokuthe ngqo nenkqubo ye-PV esezantsi kwinqanaba lokugqibela lokutywina. Ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokusetyenziswa kunye nokufakwa kwabaqhubi be-HVI kubonelelwe kwesi sikhokelo sokuKhusela uMbane okanye kwimiyalelo efanelekileyo yofakelo.

Ukwakha ngenkqubo yokhuseleko yombane yangaphandle enemigama engonelanga yokwahlukana (imeko C)

Ukuba uphahla lwenziwe ngesinyithi okanye lwenziwa yinkqubo yePV ngokwayo, umgama wokwahlula s awunakugcinwa. Izinto zentsimbi yenkqubo yokunyusa i-PV kufuneka idityaniswe nenkqubo yangaphandle yokukhusela imibane ngendlela enokuthi ikwazi ukuphatha imisinga yombane (umqhubi wobhedu onamacandelo angama-16 mm ubuncinci² okanye ngokulinganayo). Oku kuthetha ukuba imibane exhobileyo ekufuneka ibotshiwe kufuneka yenziwe kwimigca ye-PV engena kwisakhiwo ivela ngaphandle (Umzobo 17). Ngokwe-Supplement 5 yomgangatho waseJamani we-DIN EN 62305-3 kunye nomgangatho weCENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12, imigca ye-dc kufuneka ikhuselwe luhlobo 1 SPD lweenkqubo zePV.

Ukulungiselela le njongo, kusetyenziswa uhlobo lwe-1 kunye nohlobo 2 lwe-FLP7-PV edibeneyo yokubamba. Umbane we-equipotential bonding kufuneka uphunyezwe kumbane ophantsi ombane. Ukuba ii-inV (ii) ze-inV (zi) zibekwe ngaphezulu kwe-10 m ukusuka kuhlobo lwe-1 SPD efakwe kwindawo yoqhagamshelo lwegridi, uhlobo olongezelelweyo lwe-1 SPD kufuneka lufakelwe kwicala le-in (ii) inverter (umz. Uhlobo 1 + Uhlobo lwe-2 FLP25GR edibeneyo yokubamba). Izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokukhusela kufuneka zifakelwe ukukhusela imigca yedatha efanelekileyo yokujonga isivuno. Izixhobo zokhuselo zothotho lwe-FLD2 zisetyenziselwa ukukhusela iinkqubo zedatha, umzekelo, ngokusekwe kwi-RS 485.

Iinkqubo ze-PV ezine-microinverters

IiMicroinverters zifuna umxholo okhuselekileyo wokhuseleko. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-dc umgca wemodyuli okanye isibini seemodyuli zixhunyaniswe ngqo kwi-inverter encinci. Kule nkqubo, iiluphu zomqhubi ezingafunekiyo kufuneka zithintelwe. Ukudibanisa okunyanzelekileyo kwezi zinto zincinci ze-dc zihlala zinamandla okutshabalalisa amandla. Ikhabhathi ebanzi yenkqubo ye-PV ene-microinverters ikwicala le-ac (Umzobo 18). Ukuba i-microinverter ifakwe ngokuthe ngqo kwimodyuli, izixhobo zokhuselo ezinokufakwa zinokufakwa kuphela kwicala le-ac:

-Izakhiwo ngaphandle kwenkqubo yokukhusela umbane wangaphandle = uhlobo 2 SLP40-275 ababanjiweyo bokutshintsha / isigaba sesithathu ngoku kufutshane ne-microinverters kunye ne-SLP40-275 kumbane ophantsi ombane.

- Izakhiwo ezinenkqubo yokhuseleko yombane yangaphandle kunye nomgama owaneleyo wokwahlula s = uhlobo 2 zokubamba, umzekelo, i-SLP40-275, kufutshane ne-microinverters kunye nombane ophethe uhlobo lwe-1 arresters kwindawo enevolthi esezantsi, umzekelo, i-FLP25GR.

- Izakhiwo ezinenkqubo yokhuseleko yombane yangaphandle kunye nomgama owaneleyo wokwahlula s = uhlobo 1 ababanjiweyo, umzekelo, i-SLP40-275, kufutshane ne-microinverters kunye nombane ophethe uhlobo lwangoku lwe-1 FLP25GR yokubamba kwindawo enevolthi ephantsi.

Ezizimeleyo zabavelisi abathile, ii-microinverters zibonisa iinkqubo zokujonga idatha. Ukuba idatha ilungisiwe kwimigca ye-ac ngokusebenzisa ii-microinverters, isixhobo sokhuselo esikhuselekileyo kufuneka sinikezelwe kwiiyunithi ezahlukeneyo zokufumana (ukuthunyelwa kwedatha / ukuqhubekeka kwedatha). Kukwasebenza okufanayo ekunxibelelaneni nonxibelelwano neenkqubo zebhasi ezisezantsi kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla ombane (umz. I-Ethernet, ISDN).

Iinkqubo zokuveliswa kwamandla elanga ziyinxalenye yeenkqubo zombane zanamhlanje. Kuya kufuneka baxhotyiswe ngombane owaneleyo ngoku kunye nokuvalelwa kwabantu, oko ke kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwexesha elingenasiphako kwale mithombo yombane.