Izixhobo zoKhuselo lweSurge zisetyenziselwa uthungelwano lokuhambisa umbane, iinethiwekhi zomnxeba, kunye nonxibelelwano kunye nolawulo lweebhasi ezizenzekelayo.

2.4 Isixhobo soKhuselo lweSurge (SPD)

Isixhobo soKhuseleko lweSurge (SPD) yinxalenye yenkqubo yokukhuselwa kombane.

Esi sixhobo sixhunywe ngokudibeneyo kwisekethe yokuhambisa umbane yemithwalo ekufuneka ikhusele (jonga Ikhiwane. J17). Ingasetyenziswa kuwo onke amanqanaba onxibelelwano lwamandla ombane.

Olu lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lusetyenziswayo nolona lusebenzayo lokhuselo lwevoltage.

Siseko

I-SPD yenzelwe ukunciphisa umda wexeshana wemvelaphi yomoya kunye nokuphambukisa amaza akhoyo ngoku emhlabeni, ukwenzela ukunciphisa umda wokuphakama kwexabiso kwixabiso elingenabungozi kufakelo lombane kunye nokutshintsha kombane kunye nezixhobo zolawulo.

I-SPD ishenxisa i-overvoltages:

• kwimodi efanayo, phakathi kwesigaba kunye nokungathathi hlangothi okanye umhlaba;
• kwimodi eyahlukileyo, phakathi kwesigaba kunye nokungathathi hlangothi. Kwimeko apho kugqithisileyo kugqithiso lomsebenzi, i-SPD
• Uhambisa amandla emhlabeni, ngendlela eqhelekileyo;
• isasaza amandla kwabanye abaqhubi ababukhoma, kwimowudi eyahlukileyo.

Ezi ntlobo zintathu ze-SPD:

• Uhlobo lwe-1 SPD

Uhlobo lwe-1 SPD luyacetyiswa kwimeko ethile yecandelo leenkonzo kunye nezakhiwo zeshishini, ezikhuselweyo ngenkqubo yokhuseleko yombane okanye ikheyiji enemessage. Ikhusela ufakelo lombane ngokuchasene nemibane ethe ngqo. Inokukhuphela umbane osasaza ngombane usasazeka ukusuka kumqhubi womhlaba ukuya kubaphathi benethiwekhi.

Uhlobo lwe-1 SPD lubonakaliswa ngumtshangatshangiso wangoku we-10/350 μs.

• Uhlobo lwe-2 SPD

Uhlobo lwe-2 SPD yeyona nkqubo iphambili yokhuselo kufakelo lombane ophantsi. Kufakelwe kwibhodi nganye yombane, kuthintela ukusasazeka kweevolvingi kufakelo lombane kwaye ikhusela imithwalo.

Uhlobo lwe-2 SPD lubonakaliswa ngumtshangatshangiso wangoku we-8/20 μs.

• Uhlobo lwe-3 SPD

Ezi SPDs zinomthamo wokukhupha ophantsi. Kuya kufuneka ke ngoko zifakelwe ngokugunyazisiweyo njengesongezelelo kuhlobo lwe-2 SPD nakwindawo ekufuphi kuyo. Uhlobo lwe-3 SPD lubonakaliswa ngokudityaniswa kwamaza ombane (1.2 / 50 μs) kunye namaza akhoyo ngoku (8/20 μs).

Inkcazo yesiqhelo ye-SPD

2.4.1 Iimpawu ze-SPD

Umgangatho wamazwe aphesheya IEC 61643-11 uHlelo 1.0 (03/2011) luchaza iimpawu kunye novavanyo lwe-SPD edityaniswe kwiinkqubo zokuhambisa umbane ezisezantsi (jonga Ikhiwane. J19).

• Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo

- OKANYE_cUbuninzi bevolthi yokusebenza eqhubekayo

Le yimitha ye-AC okanye ye-DC ngaphezulu apho i-SPD isebenza khona. Eli xabiso likhethwe ngokwevolthi ebaliwe kunye nenkqubo yomhlaba ulungiselelo.

- OKANYE_pInqanaba lokhuselo lwevolthi (ku-I_n)

Lo ngumbane ophezulu kuwo onke ama-terminals e-SPD xa usebenza. Le volthi ifikelelwa xa ukuhamba ngoku kwi-SPD kulingana nam_n. Inqanaba lokhuselo lwevolthi elikhethiweyo kufuneka libe ngaphantsi kokuvota kwamandla okunyamezela kwimithwalo (jonga icandelo 3.2). Kwimeko yokubetha kwemibane, umbane kwiziphelo ze-SPD ngokubanzi uhlala ungaphantsi ko-U_p.

- Ndi_n: Ukukhutshwa ngegama ngoku

Eli lixabiso lokuphakama okwangoku kwe-8/20 μs ifom ye-wave yokuba i-SPD iyakwazi ukukhupha amaxesha ali-15.

• Uhlobo lwe-1 SPD

- Ndi_imp: Impembelelo ngoku

Eli lixabiso lokuphakama okwangoku kwe-10/350 μs ifom ye-wave yokuba i-SPD iyakwazi ukukhupha amaxesha ali-5.

- Ndi_fiUkucima ngokuzenzekelayo ukulandela okwangoku

Isebenza kuphela kwitekhnoloji ye-spark gap.

Le yeyangoku (i-50 Hz) yokuba i-SPD iyakwazi ukuziphazamisa ngokwayo emva kogqatso. Eli langoku kufuneka lihlale likhulu kunelixa elizayo lokujikeleza okufutshane kwinqanaba lofakelo.

• Uhlobo lwe-2 SPD

- Ndi_max: Ukukhutshwa okuphezulu ngoku

Eli lixabiso lokuphakama okwangoku kwe-8/20 μs ifom ye-wave yokuba i-SPD iyakwazi ukukhupha kube kanye.

• Uhlobo lwe-3 SPD

- OKANYE_oc: I-voltage yesekethe evulekileyo esetyenziswe ngexesha lovavanyo lweklasi III (Uhlobo 3).

2.4.2 Izicelo eziphambili

• Ixabiso eliphantsi le-SPD

Izixhobo ezahluke kakhulu, kuzo zombini umbono wetekhnoloji kunye nokusetyenziswa, zichongiwe ngeli gama. Ii-SPD zevolthi esezantsi zimodyuli ukuba zifakwe ngokulula ngaphakathi kwiibhodi zokutshintsha ze-LV. Kukho ii-SPDs ezinokulungelelaniswa neziseko zamandla, kodwa ezi zixhobo zinomthamo wokukhupha ophantsi.

• I-SPD yothungelwano lonxibelelwano

Ezi zixhobo zikhusela iinethiwekhi zomnxeba, iiswitshi zothungelwano kunye nolawulo oluzenzekelayo (ibhasi) ngokuchasene nokuqhekeka okuvela ngaphandle (umbane) kunye nezo zangaphakathi kuthungelwano lokuhambisa umbane (izixhobo ezingcolisayo, ukusebenza kwe switchgear, njl.).

Ezi SPDs nazo zifakiwe kwi-RJ11, RJ45,… izihlanganisi okanye zidityaniswe kwimithwalo.

Uyilo lwenkqubo yokhuselo lofakelo lombane

Ukukhusela ufakelo lombane kwisakhiwo, imigaqo elula isebenza kukhetho lwe

• I-SPD (s);
• yinkqubo yokhuselo.

3.1 Imigaqo yoyilo

Kwinkqubo yokuhambisa amandla, ezona mpawu ziphambili zisetyenziselwa ukuchaza inkqubo yokukhusela umbane kwaye ukhethe i-SPD ukukhusela ufakelo lombane kwisakhiwo zezi:

• SPD

- ubungakanani be-SPD;

- uhlobo;

Inqanaba lokuvezwa ekuchazeni ukukhutshwa okuphezulu kwe-SPD yangoku I_max.

• Isixhobo esikhuselekileyo sokukhusela isekethe

Ukukhutshwa okuphezulu kwangoku I_max;

- isekethe yangoku_sc kwinqanaba lofakelo.

Umzobo welogic kuMzobo J20 apha ngezantsi ubonakalisa lo mthetho uyilo.

Olunye uphawu lokhetho lwe-SPD luchazwe kwangaphambili kufakelo lombane.

• inani leepali kwiSPD;
• inqanaba lokhuselo lwevolthi U_p;
• ombane yokusebenza U_c.

Eli candelwana J3 lichaza ngokweenkcukacha ngakumbi indlela yokukhetha inkqubo yokhuselo ngokweempawu zofakelo, izixhobo eziza kukhuselwa kunye nokusingqongileyo.

3.2 Izinto zenkqubo yokhuseleko

I-SPD kufuneka ihlale ifakelwe kwimvelaphi yofakelo lombane.

3.2.1 Indawo kunye nohlobo lwe-SPD

Uhlobo lwe-SPD ukuba lufakelwe kwimvelaphi yofakelo luxhomekeke ekubeni ikho na inkqubo yokhuseleko yombane. Ukuba isakhiwo sifakelwe inkqubo yokhuseleko yombane (ngokwe-IEC 62305), kufuneka kufakwe udidi 1 SPD.

I-SPD efakwe kwisiphelo sokungena kufakelo, imigangatho yokufaka ye-IEC 60364 yabeka amaxabiso asezantsi kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukukhutshwa ngegama ngoku I_n = 5 kA (8/20) μs;
• Inqanaba lokukhusela i-Voltage U_p (Ku-mna_n<2.5 kV.

Inani lee-SPD ezongezelelweyo eziza kufakwa limiselwa ngu:

• ubungakanani besiza kunye nobunzima bokufaka iibhondi eziqhubayo. Kwiisayithi ezinkulu, kubalulekile ukufakela i-SPD kwisiphelo esingenayo sendawo nganye yolwabiwo.
• umgama owahlula imithwalo ethe tye ukukhuselwa kwisixhobo sokukhusela esingenayo. Xa imithwalo ibekwe ngaphezulu kweemitha ezingama-30 ukusuka kwisixhobo sokungena sokungena, kuyimfuneko ukubonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelekileyo olusondeleyo kufutshane kangangoko kwimithwalo enovakalelo. Iimpawu zokubonisa amaza ziyanda ukusuka kwiimitha ezili-10 (jonga isahluko 6.5)
• umngcipheko wokuvezwa. Kwimeko yendawo ebonakalayo, i-SPD engenayo ayinakuqinisekisa zombini ukuhamba kombane okwangoku kunye nenqanaba elikhuselekileyo lokukhuselwa kwamandla ombane. Ngokukodwa, udidi 1 SPD ngokubanzi lukhatshwa luhlobo 2 SPD.

Itheyibhile kumzobo J21 apha ngezantsi ibonisa ubungakanani kunye nohlobo lwe-SPD emiselweyo ngakwizinto ezimbini ezichazwe apha ngasentla.

3.4 Ukukhethwa kohlobo 1 SPD

3.4.1 Impembelelo yangoku I_imp

• Apho kungekho migaqo yesizwe okanye imigaqo ethile yohlobo lwesakhiwo esimele ukukhuselwa, impembelelo yangoku I_imp Ubuncinci yi-12.5 kA (10/350 μs wave) kwisebe ngalinye ngokungqinelana ne-IEC 60364-5-534.

• Apho kukho imimiselo: imigangatho 62305-2 ichaza amanqanaba ama-4: I, II, III no-IV, Itheyibhile kuMzobo J31 ibonisa amanqanaba ahlukeneyo e-I_imp kwimeko yolawulo.

3.4.2 Ukucima amagama ulandele ngoku u-I_fi

Olu phawu lusebenza kuphela kwii-SPDs ngetekhnoloji ye-spark gap. Ukucima ngokuzenzekelayo kulandela u-I wangoku_fi kufuneka ihlale ingaphezulu komntu oza kubakho wesekethe mfutshane_sc kwinqanaba lofakelo.

3.5 Ukukhethwa kohlobo 2 SPD

3.5.1 Ukukhutshwa okuphezulu okuphezulu ngoku I_max

Ukukhutshwa okuphezulu kwe-Imax yangoku kuchazwa ngokwenqanaba lokuqikelela elilinganisiweyo ngokubhekisele kwindawo yesakhiwo.

Ixabiso lokukhutshwa okuphezulu ngoku (I_max) ichongwe ngohlalutyo lomngcipheko (jonga kwitheyibhile kumfanekiso J32).

3.6 Ukukhethwa kwesixhobo soKhuseleko lweSekethe yaNgaphandle (SCPD)

Izixhobo zokukhusela (i-thermal kunye nesekethe emfutshane) kufuneka zilungelelaniswe ne-SPD ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo, okt

• qinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwenkonzo:

- ukumelana nemibane yangoku;

- ayivelisi intsalela yombane oshiyekileyo.

• Qinisekisa ukhuseleko olusebenzayo kuzo zonke iintlobo zokugqithisileyo:

- ukulayishwa okulandelayo emva kokubaleka i-varistor;

- isekethe esifutshane samandla aphantsi (impedant)

Isiphaluka esifutshane sokuqina okuphezulu.

3.6.1 Imingcipheko ekufuneka ithintelwe ekupheleni kobomi be-SPDs

• Ngenxa yokwaluphala

Kwimeko yokuphela kwendalo yobomi ngenxa yokwaluphala, ukhuseleko luhlobo lwetrama. I-SPD ene-varistors kufuneka ibe ne-disconnector yangaphakathi ekhubaza i-SPD.

Qaphela: Ukuphela kobomi ngokubaleka kwe-thermal akuchaphazeli i-SPD ngombhobho wokukhupha igesi okanye isithuba esitshisiweyo.

• Ngenxa yempazamo

Unobangela wokuphela kobomi ngenxa yempazamo yesekethe emfutshane zezi:

Ubuninzi bokukhutshwa kwamandla kugqithisiwe.

Esi siphoso sikhokelela kwisekethe emfutshane eqinileyo.

- Impazamo ngenxa yenkqubo yokuhambisa (ukungathathi hlangothi / ukutshintsha kwesigaba, ukungathathi hlangothi

Ukucinywa).

-Ukuhla kancinci kancinci kwe-varistor.

Ezi mpazamo zimbini zokugqibela zikhokelela kwisiphaluka esifutshane esingafakwanga.

Ukufakwa kufuneka kukhuselwe kumonakalo obangelwe zezi ntlobo zesiphoso: isixhobo sokudibanisa isixhobo sangaphakathi (eshushu) esichazwe apha ngasentla asinalo ixesha lokuzifudumeza, kungoko sisebenza.

Isixhobo esikhethekileyo esibizwa ngokuba "sisiXhobo esifutshane soKhuseleko seSekethe yangaphandle (i-SCPD yangaphandle)", esikwaziyo ukuphelisa isekethe emfutshane kufuneka ifakwe. Inokuphunyezwa ngumgcini wesekethe okanye isixhobo sefuse.

Iimpawu ze-3.6.2 ze-SCPD yangaphandle (isixhobo soKhuseleko seSekethe esifutshane)

I-SCPD yangaphandle kufuneka ilungelelaniswe ne-SPD. Yenzelwe ukuhlangabezana nezi ngxaki zimbini zilandelayo:

Umbane wamanje uyanyamezela

Ukuma kombane ngoku kuyimfanelo ebalulekileyo ye-SPD's yangaphandle yeSekethe yoKhuseleko yeSixhobo.

I-SCPD yangaphandle mayingakhubeki kwimisinga ye-15 yokulandela impembelelo e-I_n.

Mfutshane-wesekethe yangoku ukumelana

• Ukwaphuka komthamo Igqitywe yimigaqo yofakelo (umgangatho we-IEC 60364):

I-SCPD yangaphandle kufuneka ibe namandla okophuka alinganayo okanye angaphezulu kokulindelekileyo kwesekethe yangoku ye-Isc kwindawo yofakelo (ngokuhambelana nomgangatho we-IEC 60364).

• Ukukhuselwa kofakelo ngokuchasene neesekethe ezifutshane

Ngokukodwa, isekethe emfutshane eshukumayo ichitha amandla amaninzi kwaye kufuneka isuswe ngokukhawuleza ukuthintela ukonakala kufakelo nakwi-SPD.

Umanyano olungileyo phakathi kwe-SPD kunye ne-SCPD yayo yangaphandle kufuneka inikezwe ngumenzi.

3.6.3 Imowudi yofakelo lwe-SCPD yangaphandle

• Isixhobo "kuthotho"

I-SCPD ichazwa njenge "kuthotho" (jonga Ikhiwane. J33) xa ukhuselo lwenziwa ngesixhobo sokukhusela inethiwekhi ukukhuselwa (umzekelo, uqhagamshelo lwesekethe yokuqhagamshela kumjelo wonyuko).

• Isixhobo “ngokufanayo”

I-SCPD ichazwa njenge "ngokuhambelana" (jonga Ikhiwane. J34) xa ukhuselo lwenziwa ngokukodwa sisixhobo sokhuselo esihambelana ne-SPD.

• I-SCPD yangaphandle ibizwa ngokuba yi "disconnecting breaker breaker" ukuba umsebenzi wenziwa ngumaphuli wesekethe.
• Ukuqhawulwa kwesekethe okunqamlezileyo kunakho okanye kungadityaniswa kwi-SPD.

Qaphela: Kwimeko ye-SPD enetyhubhu yokukhutshwa kwerhasi okanye isithuba esivaliweyo se-spark, i-SCPD ivumela okwangoku ukuba inqunyulwe kwangoko emva kokusetyenziswa.

Qaphela: Uhlobo lwe-S lwentsalela yezixhobo ezikhoyo ngokuhambelana nemilinganiselo ye-IEC 61008 okanye ye-IEC 61009-1 iyahambelana nale mfuno.

3.7.1 Ukulungelelaniswa kwezixhobo zokukhusela

Ukulungelelaniswa kwezixhobo zokukhusela ezigqithileyo

Kufakelo lombane, i-SCPD yangaphandle sisixhobo esifana nezixhobo zokhuselo: oku kwenza ukuba kube lula ukusebenzisa ucalucalulo kunye neendlela zecascading zokuphucula ubuchwephesha kunye noqoqosho kwisicwangciso sokhuselo.

Ulungelelwaniso lwezixhobo ezikhoyo

Ukuba i-SPD ifakwe kumazantsi esixhobo sokukhusela ukuvuza komhlaba, le yokugqibela kufuneka ibe ye "si" okanye uhlobo olukhethiweyo olunomkhuhlane wokutsala imisinga ye-3 kA (8/20 μs yangoku).

Ukufakwa kwe-SPDs

Unxibelelwano lwe-SPD kwimithwalo kufuneka lube lufutshane kangangoko ukuze kuncitshiswe ixabiso lomgangatho wokhuseleko lwevolthi (efakiweyo Phezulu) kwizitishi zezixhobo ezikhuselweyo. Ubungakanani bebonke boqhagamshelo lwe-SPD kwinethiwekhi kunye nebhloko yesiphelo somhlaba akufuneki idlule kwi-50 cm.

4.1 Unxibelelwano

Olunye lweempawu ezibalulekileyo zokukhusela izixhobo lelona nqanaba liphezulu lokukhuselwa kwamandla ombane (efakwe u-U_pizixhobo ezinokumelana neetheminali zazo. Ngokuhambelana, i-SPD kufuneka ikhethwe ngenqanaba lokukhusela i-U_p ilungiselelwe ukukhuselwa kwezixhobo (jonga Ikhiwane. J38). Ubude bebonke babaqhubi boqhagamshelo ngu

L = L1 + L2 + L3.

Kwimisinga yamaza aphakamileyo, impedance ngokobude beyunithi yokunxibelelana malunga ne-1 μH / m.

Yiyo loo nto ukusebenzisa umthetho kaLenz kolu nxibelelwano: =U = L di / dt

I-8/20 μs eqhelekileyo ye-wave yangoku, ene-amplitude yangoku ye-8 kA, ngokufanelekileyo yenza ukuphakama kwevolthi ye-1000 V ngemitha nganye yekhebula.

= U = 1 x 10^-6 x8 x10³ / 8 x 10^-6 = 1000V

Ngenxa yoko ombane kuzo zonke izixhobo zokuphela, efakwe phezulu, yile:

ufake u_p =U_p + U1 + U2

Ukuba i-L1 + L2 + L3 = 50 cm, kwaye i-wave ngu-8/20 μs nge-amplitude ye-8 kA, i-voltage kuzo zonke izixhobo zokugqibela ziya kuba ngu-U._p + 500 iV.

4.1.1 Unxibelelwano kwindawo ebiyelweyo yeplastiki

Umzobo J39a ngezantsi ubonakalisa indlela yokuqhagamshela i-SPD kwindawo ebiyelweyo yeplastiki.

4.1.2 Uqhagamshelo kwisinyithi ebiyelweyo

Kwimeko yendibano ye switchgear kwindawo ebiyelweyo yesinyithi, kunokuba bubulumko ukudibanisa i-SPD ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo ebiyelweyo, kunye nendawo ebiyelweyo esetyenziswa njengomqhubi okhuselayo (jonga Ikhiwane. J39b).

Eli lungiselelo lihambelana nomgangatho we-IEC 61439-2 kwaye umenzi we-ASSEMBLY kufuneka aqinisekise ukuba iimpawu zokuvalelwa zenza ukuba oku kusetyenziswe.

4.1.3 Umqhubi wecandelo lokuwela

Icandelo eliphantsi lokuqhuba lomqhubi liya kuthathela ingqalelo:

• Inkonzo yesiqhelo ekufanele ibonelelwe ngayo: Ukuhamba kwamaza ombane wangoku phantsi kolawulo oluphezulu lwevolthi (50 cm umthetho).

Qaphela: Ngokungafaniyo nokusetyenziswa kwi-50 Hz, imeko yombane ibe kukuphakama okuphezulu, ukwanda kwecandelo lokuhamba komqhubi akubunciphisi kakhulu ubugqwetha obuphezulu.

• Ukuma kweekhondakta kumjikelo wesekethe emfutshane: Umqhubi kufuneka amelane nomjikelo wesekethe emfutshane ngexesha lenkqubo yokhuselo ephezulu.

IEC 60364 icebisa kufakelo olungenayo kwisiphelo esincinci secandelo:

-4 mm² (Cu) uqhagamshelo lohlobo 2 SPD;

-16 mm² (Cu) unxibelelwano lohlobo 1 SPD (ubukho benkqubo yokhuselo lombane).

4.2 Imigaqo yokufaka iintambo

• Umgaqo 1: Umgaqo wokuqala wokuthobela kukuba ubude bokunxibelelana kwe-SPD phakathi kwenethiwekhi (nge-SCPD yangaphandle) kunye nebhloko yesiphelo somhlaba akufuneki idlule kwi-50 cm.

Umzobo J40 ubonakalisa amathuba amabini onxibelelwano lwe-SPD.

• Umgaqo 2: Abaqhubi babondli abakhuselweyo abaphumayo:

-Kufanele ukuba idityaniswe kwiitheminali ze-SCPD yangaphandle okanye i-SPD;

-Kufanele ukuba bohlukaniswe ngokwasemzimbeni nabaqhubi abangenayo abangcolileyo.

Zibekwe ngasekunene kweetheminali ze-SPD kunye ne-SCPD (jonga Ikhiwane. J41).

• Umgaqo 3: Ingeniso ye-feeder engenayo, ukungathathi hlangothi kunye nokukhuselwa (i-PE) kufuneka ibaleke enye ecaleni kwenye ukunciphisa umphezulu weluphu (jonga Ikhiwane J42).
• Umgaqo 4: Abaqhubi abangenayo be-SPD kufuneka babe kude kubaqhubi abaphumayo abakhuselekileyo ukunqanda ukungcolisa kwabo ngokudibanisa (jonga Ikhiwane J42).
• Umgaqo 5: Iintambo kufuneka zincanyathiselwe kwiindawo zentsimbi ebiyelweyo (ukuba ikho) ukunciphisa ubuso bomda wesakhelo kwaye ngenxa yoko sizuze kwisiphumo sokukhusela ukuphazamiseka kwe-EM.

Kuzo zonke iimeko, kufuneka kutshekishwe ukuba isakhelo seebhodi zokutshintsha kunye nezivalelweyo zigqitywe ngonxibelelwano olufutshane kakhulu.

Okokugqibela, ukuba kusetyenziswa iintambo ezikhuselweyo, kufanelekile ukuthintelwa ubude obukhulu, kuba kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhusela (jonga Ikhiwane. J42).

Isicelo se5

Imizekelo yofakelo 5.1

Izisombululo kunye nomzobo wesikimu

• Isikhokelo sokukhethwa kokubanjwa kwesibambiso senze ukuba kube nakho ukufumanisa ixabiso elichanekileyo lomntu obanjiweyo kwisiphelo sokungena kufakelo kunye nelo linxulunyaniswa nesekethe yokuqhawula uqhagamshelo.
• Njengezixhobo ezibuthathaka (U_p <1.5 kV) zibekwe ngaphezulu kwe-30 m kwisixhobo sokukhusela esingenayo, isikhuseli esibambekayo sokubanjwa kufuneka sifakwe kufutshane kangangoko kwimithwalo.
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka okungcono kwenkonzo kwiindawo ezibandayo:

- “Si” uhlobo lwentsalela yamaqhekeza eesekethe asetyenziswayo ukuthintela ukukhubeka kokuphazamiseka okubangelwa kukunyuka kwamandla omhlaba njengokuba umbane udlula.

• Ukukhuselwa kwimeko engaphezulu yomoya:

- fakela isikhuseli sokubamba kwibhodi ephambili yokutshintsha

- fakela isikhuseli sokukhusela ukubanjwa kwibhodi nganye yokutshintsha (1 kunye no-2) unikezela ngezixhobo ezibuthathaka ezingaphezulu kwe-30 m ukusuka kwindawo yokubamba engenayo.

- fakela isikhululo sokubanjwa kothungelwano ukunxibelelana ukukhusela izixhobo ezinikezelweyo, umzekelo, iialam zomlilo, iimodem, iifowuni, iifeksi.

Iingcebiso zekhabham

-Ukuqinisekisa ubunjani bokupheliswa komhlaba kwesakhiwo.

- Nciphisa iindawo zentambo ezihanjisiweyo.

Iingcebiso ngokufakwa

• Faka i-arrester arrester, i-Imax = 40 kA (8/20 μs) kunye ne-iC60 yokuqhawulwa komatshini wesekethe ekalwe ngo-20 A.
• Faka ukhuselo oluqinisekileyo lokubanjwa, Imax = 8 kA (8/20 μs) kunye neIC60 yokuqhawulwa kwesekethe enxulumene neesekethi ezingama-20.