Walƙiya da kariyar ƙaruwa don tsarin hotunan hoto

A halin yanzu, an shigar da tsarin PV da yawa. Dangane da gaskiyar cewa wutar lantarki da kanta ke samarwa gabaɗaya tana da rahusa kuma tana ba da babban darajar 'yancin kai na lantarki daga grid, tsarin PV zai zama wani ɓangare na shigarwar lantarki a gaba. Koyaya, waɗannan tsarin suna fuskantar duk yanayin yanayi kuma dole ne su iya tsayayya dasu cikin shekaru da yawa.

Kebul na tsarin PV akai-akai suna shiga ginin kuma suna faɗaɗa kan dogaye masu nisa har sai sun isa tashar haɗin grid.

Fitowar walƙiya suna haifar da tsangwama da kuma katsalandan lantarki. Wannan tasirin yana ƙaruwa dangane da ƙara tsayi na USB ko madaukai madaukai. Hawan wuta ba lalata modul ɗin PV kawai ba, masu juyawa da kayan lantarki masu saka idanu amma har da na'urori a girkin ginin.

Mafi mahimmanci, wuraren samar da gine-ginen masana'antu na iya lalacewa cikin sauƙi kuma samarwa na iya zuwa tsayawa.

Idan ana yin allura mai karfi cikin tsarin da yake nesa da layin wutar, wanda kuma ake kira tsarin PV shi kadai, aikin kayan aiki da ake amfani da su ta hanyar hasken rana (misali kayan aikin likitanci, samar da ruwa) na iya rikicewa.

Bukatar tsarin kariya ta walƙiya a saman rufin

Energyarfin da fitowar walƙiya ke fitarwa yana ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da ke haifar da wuta. Sabili da haka, kariya ta mutum da wuta tana da mahimmancin gaske idan har wata tsawa ta kai tsaye zuwa ginin.

A matakin ƙirar tsarin PV, ya tabbata ko an sanya tsarin kare walƙiya akan gini. Wasu ƙa'idodin gini na wasu ƙasashe suna buƙatar cewa gine-ginen jama'a (misali wuraren taron jama'a, makarantu, da asibitoci) suna da kayan aiki tare da tsarin kare walƙiya. Game da masana'antun masana'antu ko na masu zaman kansu, ya dogara da wurin su, nau'in gini da kuma amfani da su ko dole ne a girka tsarin kare walƙiya. Har zuwa wannan, dole ne a tantance ko ana sa ran walƙiya ko zata iya haifar da mummunan sakamako. Dole ne a samar da gine-ginen da ke bukatar kariya tare da tsarin kariyar walƙiya mai ɗorewa.

Dangane da yanayin ilimin kimiyya da fasaha, girke kayan aikin PV ba ya kara hadarin yajin walƙiya. Sabili da haka, ba za a iya samo buƙata don matakan kariya ta walƙiya kai tsaye daga kasancewar tsarin PV ba. Koyaya, ana iya yin kutse mai yawa ta walƙiya a cikin ginin ta waɗannan tsarin.

Sabili da haka, ya zama dole a tantance haɗarin da ke tattare da yaɗuwar walƙiya kamar yadda IEC 62305-2 (EN 62305-2) da kuma ɗaukar sakamako daga wannan binciken haɗarin cikin asusu yayin shigar da tsarin PV.

Sashe na 4.5 (Gudanar da Hadarin) na 5arin 62305 na tsarin DIN EN 3-2010 na Jamusanci ya bayyana cewa tsarin kariyar walƙiya wanda aka tsara don ajin LPS III (LPL III) ya cika ƙa'idodin abubuwan da ake buƙata don tsarin PV. Bugu da kari, an jera matakan kariya daga walƙiya a cikin jagororin Jamhuriyar VdS 10 ta Jamus (walƙiya mai fuskantar haɗari da kariyar tashin hankali) wanda Inungiyar Inshorar ta Jamus ta wallafa. Wannan jagorar yana buƙatar LPL III kuma saboda haka tsarin kariya ta walƙiya bisa ga rukunin LPS III a sanya shi don tsarin PV na rufin (> XNUMX kW_p) da kuma cewa za a dauki matakan kariyar karuwa. A matsayinka na ƙa'ida, tsarin ɗaukan hoto na rufin rufi dole ne ya tsoma baki tare da matakan kariya na walƙiya da ake da su.

Mahimmancin kariyar ƙaruwa don tsarin PV

Game da fitowar walƙiya, ana haifar da hauhawa a kan mahaɗan lantarki. Protectiveananan na'urori masu kariya (SPDs) waɗanda dole ne a girka su sama da na'urorin don a kiyaye su akan ac, dc da gefen bayanan sun tabbatar da inganci sosai wajen kare tsarin lantarki daga waɗannan ƙwanƙolin tsawar wutar lantarki mai lalata su. Sashe na 9.1 na CENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12 misali (Zaɓi da ƙa'idodin aikace-aikacen - SPDs da aka haɗa zuwa shigarwar hoto) yana buƙatar shigar da na'urori masu kariya har sai idan haɗarin haɗari ya nuna cewa ba a buƙatar SPDs ba. Dangane da ma'aunin IEC 60364-4-44 (HD 60364-4-44), dole ne a girka na'uran kariya masu hauhawa ga gine-gine ba tare da tsarin kariya daga walƙiya daga waje ba kamar na kasuwanci da na masana'antu, misali kayan aikin gona. Plementarin 5 na daidaitattun DIN EN 62305-3 na Jamusanci yana ba da cikakken kwatancen nau'ikan SPDs da wurin girkinsu.

Gudanar da kebul na tsarin PV

Dole ne a bi da kebul ta hanyar da za a kauce wa manyan madaukai. Dole ne a kiyaye wannan yayin haɗa da'irar dc don samar da kirtani da kuma lokacin haɗa mahaɗan da yawa. Bugu da ƙari, bayanai ko layin firikwensin ba dole ne a juya su a kan kirtani da yawa ba kuma su samar da manyan madaukai mai jan layi tare da layukan. Hakanan dole ne a kiyaye wannan yayin haɗa inverter zuwa haɗin grid. A saboda wannan dalili, dole ne a rusa wutar (dc da ac) da layukan bayanai (misali firikwensin hasken rana, sanya ido kan amfanin ƙasa) tare da masu haɗin haɗin keɓaɓɓu tare da duk hanyar su.

Earthing na PV tsarin

PV modules yawanci ana gyara su akan tsarin hawa ƙarfe. Abubuwan da ke cikin PV masu rai a kan gefen dc suna da ruɓi biyu ko ƙarfin ƙarfafa (kwatankwacin rufin kariya na baya) kamar yadda ake buƙata a cikin tsarin IEC 60364-4-41. Haɗuwa da fasahohi da yawa akan ɓangaren koyaushe da gefen juyawa (misali tare da ko ba tare da keɓewa ba) yana haifar da buƙatun ƙasa daban-daban. Bugu da ƙari, tsarin saka idanu na rufi wanda aka haɗu a cikin masu juyawa yana tasiri ne kawai har abada idan tsarin haɗin hawa ya haɗu da ƙasa. Ana ba da bayani game da aiwatar da aiki a cikin 5arin 62305 na ƙimar DIN EN 3-7 ta Jamusanci. Substarfin ƙarfe yana aiki kamar ƙasa idan tsarin PV yana cikin ƙarar kariya na tsarin dakatar da iska kuma ana kiyaye nisan rabuwa. Sashe na 5 na 6arin XNUMX yana buƙatar jan jan ƙarfe tare da giciye na aƙalla XNUMX mm² ko daidai da aikin ƙasa (Hoto 1). Hakanan dole ne raƙuman raƙuman haɗi su haɗa kai tsaye ta hanyar masu jagorar wannan ɓangaren giciye. Idan tsarin hawa yana da alaƙa kai tsaye zuwa tsarin kariya ta walƙiya ta waje saboda gaskiyar cewa ba za a iya kiyaye nisan rabuwa ba, waɗannan masu jagorar suna zama ɓangare na tsarin haɗin walƙiya. Sakamakon haka, waɗannan abubuwan dole ne su iya ɗaukar igiyar walƙiya. Mafi ƙarancin abin buƙata don tsarin kariyar walƙiya wanda aka tsara don aji na LPS III shine mai jan ƙarfe mai jan ƙarfe tare da giciye na 16 mm² ko makamancin haka. Hakanan, a wannan yanayin, dole ne a haɗa manyan raƙuman raƙuman haɗuwa ta dindindin ta hanyar masu jagorar wannan ɓangaren giciye (Hoto na 2). Ya kamata a tafiyar da mai gudanar da aiki na dunƙule / walƙiya mai aiki a layi ɗaya kuma kusa-kusa da dc da igiyoyi / layin ac.

UNI dunƙule dunƙule (Figure 3) za a iya gyarawa a kan dukkan gama hawa tsarin. Suna haɗuwa, alal misali, masu jan ƙarfe tare da giciye na 6 ko 16 mm² da wayoyi marasa amfani na kasa tare da diamita daga 8 zuwa 10 mm zuwa tsarin hawa ta yadda zasu iya daukar igiyar walƙiya. Hadakar bakin karfe (V4A) farantin lamba yana tabbatar da kariyar lalata tsarin tsarin hawa na aluminum.

Rabon rabuwa s kamar yadda na IEC 62305-3 (EN 62305-3) Dole ne a kiyaye wasu tazarar tazarar s tsakanin tsarin kare walƙiya da tsarin PV. Yana bayyana nisan da ake buƙata don gujewa walƙiya mara haske zuwa ga waɗancan ƙarfan da ke kusa da sakamakon sakamakon walƙiya zuwa tsarin kariyar walƙiya ta waje. A cikin mafi munin yanayi, irin wannan walƙiya wanda ba shi da iko zai iya sanya gini a wuta. A wannan yanayin, lalacewar tsarin PV ya zama bashi da mahimmanci.

Core inuwa a kan ƙwayoyin rana

Nisa tsakanin janareta mai amfani da hasken rana da kuma tsarin kariyar walƙiya na waje yana da matukar mahimmanci don hana yawan inuwa. Yada inuwar da aka watsa ta, misali, layin sama, baya tasiri sosai akan tsarin PV da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Koyaya, a game da inuwa mai mahimmanci, an jefa inuwa mai haske a sarari a saman bayan wani abu, yana canza halin da ke gudana ta cikin matakan PV. A saboda wannan dalili, ƙwayoyin rana da haɗin keɓaɓɓiyar iska ba dole ba ne inuwar asali ta rinjayi su. Ana iya cimma wannan ta hanyar kiyaye wadataccen tazara. Misali, idan sandar dakatarwa ta iska tare da diamita 10 mm tabarau koyaushe, asalin inuwa yana raguwa koyaushe yayin da nisa daga module ɗin ya ƙaru. Bayan 1.08 m kawai inuwa mai yaduwa ana sanyawa a kan samfurin (Hoto na 4). Rataye A na 5arin 62305 na tsarin DIN EN 3-XNUMX na Jamusanci yana ba da cikakken bayani kan lissafin inuwa mai mahimmanci.

Na'urori masu kariya na musamman don dc gefen tsarin photovoltaic

Halin U / I na hanyoyin yau da kullun na photovoltaic ya bambanta da na asalin dc na al'ada: Suna da halayen da ba layi ba (Hoto na 5) kuma suna haifar da dawwama na dogon lokaci na kayan wuta. Wannan yanayin na musamman na hanyoyin yau da kullun na PV baya buƙatar manyan sauyawar PV da PV fis, amma kuma yana cire haɗin keɓaɓɓiyar na'urar kariya wacce ta dace da wannan yanayin na musamman kuma zai iya jurewa da igiyoyin PV. 5arin 62305 na ƙimar DIN EN 3-5.6.1 na Jamusanci (ƙaramin yanki 1, Table XNUMX) yana bayanin zaɓin isassun SPDs.

Don sauƙaƙe zaɓi na nau'in 1 SPDs, Tebur 1 da 2 suna nuna buƙatar walƙiya da ake buƙata ƙarfin ɗaukar iko na yanzu_imp ya danganta da rukunin LPS, da dama masu jan ragamar tsarin kare walƙiya na waje harma da nau'ikan SPD (ƙarancin mai iyakance mahaukacin mai tsayayyar mai tsauraran jini ko kuma mai canza wuta mai saurin walƙiya). Dole ne a yi amfani da SPDs waɗanda ke bin ƙa'idar EN 50539-11 mai dacewa. Karamin yanki 9.2.2.7 na CENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12 shima yana nufin wannan daidaitaccen.

Rubuta 1 dc arrester don amfani a cikin tsarin PV:

Nau'in Multipole 1 + nau'in 2 hade dc arrester FLP7-PV. Wannan na'urar sauyawar dc ta kunshi haɗin haɗin haɗin haɗi da na'urar gajeren gajere tare da Thermo Dynamic Control da fis a cikin hanyar kewaya. Wannan da'irar ta amintar da arrester daga janareto mai karfin wuta idan tayi yawa kuma ta amintar da dc arcs. Don haka, yana ba da damar kare janaretocin PV har zuwa 1000 A ba tare da ƙarin fis ɗin madadin ba. Wannan arrester ya haɗu da mai walƙiya na yanzu da kuma mai karuwa a cikin wata na'ura guda ɗaya, don haka tabbatar da ingantaccen kariya ga kayan aiki. Tare da damar fitarwa Na_Total na 12.5 kA (10/350 μs), ana iya amfani dashi sassauƙa don mafi girman ajin LPS. FLP7-PV akwai don voltages U_CPV na 600 V, 1000 V, da 1500 V kuma suna da fadin 3 kawai. Sabili da haka, FLP7-PV shine mafi kyawun nau'in 1 wanda aka haɗu don amfani dashi a cikin tsarin samar da wutar lantarki na photovoltaic.

Nau'in 1 SPDs mai saurin canza-wuta mai walƙiya, misali, FLP12,5-PV, wata fasaha ce mai ƙarfi wacce ke ba da damar sauke igiyar ruwan walƙiya idan akwai tsarin dc PV. Godiya ga keɓaɓɓiyar fasaha da kewayawa da ƙarancin dc wanda ke ba da damar kare ingantaccen tsarin lantarki, wannan jerin abubuwan suna da ƙarfin walƙiya mai saurin fitarwa I_Total na 50 kA (10/350 μs) wanda babu kamarsa a kasuwa.

Buga nau'in dc 2 don amfani a cikin tsarin PV: SLP40-PV

Ayyukan dogaro na SPDs a cikin dc PV circuits kuma ba makawa yayin amfani da nau'ikan na'urorin kariya na 2. A karshen wannan, jerin masu kamo masu jerin SLP40-PV suma suna dauke da da'irar kariya ta Y kuma ana kuma haɗa ta da janaretocin PV har zuwa 1000 A ba tare da ƙarin fis ɗin madadin ba.

Yawancin fasahohin da aka haɗu a cikin waɗannan masu kamawa suna hana lalacewar na'urar kariya ta ƙaruwa saboda lahani na rufi a cikin da'irar PV, haɗarin wuta na arrester da aka yi wa lodi da yawa kuma ya sanya arrester a cikin amintaccen yanayin lantarki ba tare da rushe aikin tsarin PV ba. Godiya ga kewayen kewayawa, ana iya amfani da yanayin iyakancewar karfin lantarki na varistors koda a cikin dc circuits na PV system. Kari akan haka, na'urar kare hawan mai aiki har abada tana rage kananan kololuka da yawa.

Zaɓin SPDs gwargwadon matakin kare ƙarfin lantarki U_p

Voltagearfin aiki a kan dc gefen tsarin PV ya bambanta da tsarin zuwa tsarin. A halin yanzu, ƙimar har zuwa 1500 V dc suna yiwuwa. Sakamakon haka, diearfin wutar lantarki na kayan aiki ya bambanta. Don tabbatar da cewa tsarin PV yana da kariya mai aminci, matakin kariyar ƙarfin lantarki U_p ga SPD dole ne ya zama ƙasa da ƙarfi mai ƙarfi na tsarin PV wanda yakamata ya kare. Tsarin CENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12 yana buƙatar cewa Up yana da ƙarancin 20% ƙasa da ƙarfin dielectric na tsarin PV. Nau'in 1 ko nau'in 2 SPDs dole ne a daidaita-kuzari tare da shigar da kayan aiki na ƙarshe. Idan SPDs an riga an haɗa su cikin kayan aiki, daidaito tsakanin nau'ikan 2 SPD da maƙerin shigar da kayan masarufi an tabbatar da su ta masana'anta.

Misalan aikace-aikace:

Gina ba tare da tsarin kare walƙiya na waje ba (halin da ake ciki A)

Hoto na 12 yana nuna ra'ayin kariyar tashin hankali don tsarin PV wanda aka girka akan gini ba tare da tsarin kariyar walƙiya na waje ba. Hawan haɗari masu haɗari sun shiga cikin tsarin PV saboda haɗuwa da aiki sakamakon sakamakon walƙiya ta kusa ko tafiya daga tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ta ƙofar sabis zuwa shigarwar mabukaci. Rubuta 2 SPDs za a shigar a wurare masu zuwa:

- dc gefen kayayyaki da masu juyawa

- ac fitarwa na inverter

- Babban kwamitin rarraba wutar lantarki

- Hanyar sadarwa ta hanyar sadarwa

Kowane shigar da dc (MPP) na mai juyawa dole ne a kiyaye shi ta hanyar nau'in kariya mai ƙarfi na 2, misali, jerin SLP40-PV, wanda ke amintacce yana kiyaye dc gefen tsarin PV. Tsarin CENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12 yana buƙatar cewa a sanya ƙarin nau'in 2 dc arrester a gefen ɓangaren idan nisan dake tsakanin shigar inverter da janareto na PV ya wuce 10 m.

Sakamakon ac na masu juyawa yana da cikakkiyar kariya idan nisan dake tsakanin masu jujjuyawar PV da kuma wurin da aka sanya nau'in arrester na 2 a layin haɗin grid (ƙananan infeed infeed) bai wuce 10 m ba. Idan kuma mafi girman tsayi ne, ƙarin nau'in na'uran kariya mai ƙarfi 2, alal misali, jerin SLP40-275, dole ne a girka su sama daga ac shigar da inverter kamar yadda CENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12 suke.

Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a shigar da nau'in kariya na 2 SLP40-275 mai kariya da ke daga sama na mita na ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki. CI (Cire Yankin Circuit) yana tsaye ne don haɗaɗɗiyar fius ɗin da aka haɗa a cikin hanyar kariya ta maƙerin, yana ba da damar yin amfani da arrester ɗin a cikin ac ba tare da ƙarin fis ɗin ajiyar ajiya ba. Ana samun jerin SLP40-275 don kowane tsarin tsarin ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki (TN-C, TN-S, TT).

Idan masu haɗin inverters suna da alaƙa da bayanai da layin firikwensin don lura da amfanin ƙasa, ana buƙatar na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi. Jerin FLD2, wanda ke da tashoshi don nau'i-nau'i biyu, misali don layin bayanai masu shigowa da masu fita, ana iya amfani dasu don tsarin bayanai dangane da RS 485.

Ginawa tare da tsarin kare walƙiya na waje da isasshen nisa s (halin da ake ciki B)

Figure 13 yana nuna manufar kariyar karuwa don tsarin PV tare da tsarin kariyar walƙiya na waje da isasshen nisan rabuwa tsakanin tsarin PV da tsarin kariyar walƙiya ta waje.

Babban makasudin kariya shine a guji lalacewar mutane da dukiya (wutar gini) sakamakon yajin wuta. A wannan yanayin, yana da mahimmanci cewa tsarin PV baya tsoma baki tare da tsarin kariyar walƙiya ta waje. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a kiyaye tsarin PV da kansa daga saurin walƙiya. Wannan yana nufin cewa dole ne a shigar da tsarin PV a cikin kariyar kariya na tsarin kariyar walƙiya ta waje. Wannan kariyar da aka kiyaye ta samo asali ne ta hanyar tsarin kare iska (misali sandunan karewar iska) wadanda suke hana walƙiya kai tsaye zuwa matakan PV da igiyoyi. Hanyar kusurwa mai kariya (Hoto 14) ko mirgina Sphere hanya (Hoto 15) kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin ƙaramin ƙaramin 5.2.2 na ƙimar IEC 62305-3 (EN 62305-3) ƙila za a iya amfani da shi don ƙayyade wannan ƙarfin da aka kiyaye. Dole ne a kiyaye wani ɗan nesa nesa s tsakanin dukkan sassan gudanarwar PV da tsarin kariyar walƙiya. A cikin wannan mahallin, dole ne a hana manyan inuwa ta, alal misali, riƙe tazarar tazara tsakanin sandunan dakatar da iska da tsarin PV.

Abubuwan haɗin walƙiya wani ɓangare ne na tsarin kare walƙiya. Dole ne a aiwatar da shi don duk tsarin gudanarwa da layukan shiga cikin ginin wanda ke iya ɗaukar igiyoyin walƙiya. Ana samun wannan ta hanyar haɗa kai tsaye da dukkan tsarin ƙarfe da haɗa kai tsaye dukkan hanyoyin da ke da kuzari ta hanyar kama masu walƙiya irin na yanzu zuwa tsarin ƙarewar ƙasa. Yakamata a aiwatar da haɗin haɗin walƙiya a kusa-kusa da mashigar shiga cikin ginin don hana ƙananan walƙiya shiga ginin. Dole ne a kiyaye maɓallin haɗin grid ta hanyar nau'in SPD mai raɗaɗi-rata mai yawa 1, misali, nau'in 1 FLP1GR wanda aka haɗa mai kwalliya. Wannan kwarjinin ya haɗu da mai walƙiya ta yanzu da kuma mai karuwa a cikin wata na'ura guda ɗaya. Idan kebul ɗin tsayin tsakanin arrester da inverter basu kai mita 25 ba, za'a sami wadatacciyar kariya. Idan ya fi tsayi tsawo, dole ne a shigar da wasu nau'ikan na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi sama-sama ta ac shigar da masu juyawa kamar yadda CENELEC CLC / TS 10-2 suke.

Kowane dc shigar da inverter dole ne a kiyaye shi ta hanyar nau'in 2 PV arrester, misali, jerin SLP40-PV (Hoto na 16). Wannan kuma ya shafi na'urorin da basu canza komai ba. Idan masu inverters suna da alaƙa da layukan bayanai, misali, don lura da amfanin ƙasa, dole ne a sanya na'urorin kariya masu ƙarfi don kare watsa bayanai. Don wannan dalili, ana iya samar da jerin FLPD2 don layi tare da siginar analog da tsarin bas ɗin bayanai kamar RS485. Yana gano ƙarfin aiki na sigina mai amfani kuma yana daidaita matakin kariyar ƙarfin lantarki zuwa wannan ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki.

Mai ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi, mai ɗaukar wuta HVI Conductor

Wata hanyar da za'a iya kiyaye nisan rabuwa shine a yi amfani da karfin iska mai karfin lantarki, masu gudanar da HVI wadanda ba su damar kiyaye tazarar rabuwar s har zuwa 0.9 m a iska. HVI Masu Gudanarwa na iya tuntuɓar tsarin PV kai tsaye zuwa ƙarshen zangon ƙarshen hatimi. An bayar da ƙarin cikakkun bayanai kan aikace-aikace da shigarwa na HVI Conductors a cikin wannan Jagorar Kariyar Walƙiya ko a cikin umarnin shigarwa masu dacewa.

Ginawa tare da tsarin kariya ta walƙiya tare da rashin nisan rabuwa (yanayin C)

Idan rufin an yi shi da ƙarfe ko kuma tsarin PV ne ya ƙirƙira shi da kansa, ba za a iya kiyaye nisan rabuwar ba. Abubuwan ƙarfe na tsarin hawa PV dole ne a haɗa su da tsarin kariyar walƙiya ta waje ta yadda za su iya ɗaukar igiyoyin walƙiya (mai gudanar da jan ƙarfe tare da gicciye na aƙalla 16 mm² ko makamancin haka). Wannan yana nufin cewa dole ne a aiwatar da haɗin haɗin walƙiya don layin PV da ke shiga ginin daga waje (Hoto 17). Dangane da plementarin 5 na ƙimar DIN EN 62305-3 ta Jamusanci da ƙirar CENELEC CLC / TS 50539-12, dole ne a kiyaye layin dc ta nau'in 1 SPD don tsarin PV.

Don wannan dalili, ana amfani da nau'in 1 da nau'in 2 FLP7-PV haɗakar arrester. Hakanan dole ne a aiwatar da haɗin haɗin walƙiya a cikin infeed mai ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki. Idan PV inverter (s) yana (suna) yana sama da 10 m daga nau'in 1 SPD da aka girka a tashar haɗin grid, dole ne a shigar da ƙarin nau'in 1 SPD a gefen gefen masu juyawar (s) + rubuta 1 FLP2GR haɗuwa da arrester). Hakanan dole ne a girka na'urori masu kariya masu ƙarfi don kare layukan bayanan da suka dace don lura da amfanin gona. Ana amfani da nau'ikan na'urorin kariya na tashin hankali na FLD25 don kare tsarin bayanai, misali, dangane da RS 2.

Tsarin PV tare da microinverters

Microinverters suna buƙatar ra'ayi daban na kariyar tashin hankali. Zuwa wannan karshen, layin dc na modul ko wani abu a haɗe kai tsaye yana haɗuwa da ƙaramin inverter. A cikin wannan tsari, dole ne a guji madaukai madaidaiciyar jagora. Haɗa haɗuwa a cikin ƙananan ƙananan dc tsarin kawai yana da ƙarancin haɓakar ƙarfin kuzari. Babban kebul na tsarin PV tare da microinverters yana gefen gefen ac (Hoto na 18). Idan an sanya microinverter kai tsaye a kan injin ɗin, ana iya sanya na'urorin kariya masu ƙarfi a gefen gefen ac:

- Gine-gine ba tare da tsarin kariyar walƙiya na waje ba = rubuta 2 SLP40-275 masu kamawa don sauyawa / sau uku a halin yanzu kusa da microinverters da SLP40-275 a ƙananan ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki.

- Gine-gine tare da tsarin kariya ta walƙiya na waje da isasshen nisa nesa s = nau'in kama 2, misali, SLP40-275, a kusancin makusantar microinverters da walƙiya mai ɗauke da kama 1 mai kama da wuta a ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki, misali, FLP25GR.

- Gine-gine tare da tsarin kariya ta walƙiya na waje da rashin isa nesa nesa s = nau'in kama 1, alal misali, SLP40-275, kusa da microinverters da walƙiya mai ɗauke da nau'ikan kamala 1 FLP25GR mai ɗaukar wuta a ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki.

Mai zaman kansa na musamman masana'antun, microinverters suna dauke da tsarin lura da bayanai. Idan aka daidaita bayanai zuwa layin ac ta hanyar microinverters, dole ne a samar da na'urar kariya a wasu bangarorin karban (fitarwa / sarrafa bayanai). Hakanan ya shafi haɗin haɗi tare da tsarin bas na ƙasa da ƙarfin wutan lantarki (misali Ethernet, ISDN).

Tsarin samar da wutar lantarki daga hasken rana wani bangare ne na tsarin lantarki na yau. Ya kamata a wadata su da isasshen walƙiya na yanzu da waɗanda ke kama karuwa, don haka tabbatar da aiki marar ƙaranci na waɗannan hanyoyin wutar lantarki.