Kayan kare walƙiya

Kayan kariya ta walƙiya ta hanyar wutar lantarki ta zamani da sauran fasaha don hana kayan aikin walƙiya ta buge su. Za'a iya raba kayan kariya ta walƙiya zuwa kariyar walƙiya, soket na kariya ta wuta, kariyar mai ba da eriya, kariyar walƙiya, kayan aikin gwajin walƙiya, aunawa, da kuma kula da tsarin walƙiya, kariyar iyakokin ƙasa.

Dangane da ka'idar kariya daga walƙiya da kariya mai yawa bisa ga IEC (kwamitin lantarki na duniya) daidaitaccen, kariyar walƙiya ta b-matakin mallakar na'urar kare walƙiya ce ta matakin farko, wanda za'a iya amfani da shi zuwa babban gidan rarraba katako a ginin; Class C yana cikin na'uran kariya ta walƙiya ta biyu, wacce ake amfani da ita a cikin karamin kwamiti na rarraba ginin; Class D shine mai walƙiya mai daraja ta uku, wanda ake amfani dashi a ƙarshen ƙarshen mahimman kayan aiki don kariya mai kyau.

Bayani / Kayan aikin walƙiya

Zamanin bayani a yau, cibiyar sadarwar komputa da kayan sadarwa sunada wayewa sosai, yanayin aikinta yana neman zama abin nema, kuma tsawa da walƙiya da saurin yawan kayan lantarki zasu yawaita ta hanyar samar da wuta, eriya, a siginar rediyo don aikawa da karɓar layukan kayan aiki zuwa cikin kayan lantarki na cikin gida da kayan aikin sadarwar, kayan aiki ko ɓarnar abubuwan haɗari, haɗari, canja wuri ko adana bayanan tsangwama ko ɓacewa, ko ma sanya kayan lantarki don samar da ɓarna ko dakatarwa, inna ta ɗan lokaci, watsa bayanai na tsarin katse, LAN da wan. Cutarwarsa tana da ban mamaki, asarar kai tsaye ta fi asarar tattalin arziki kai tsaye gaba ɗaya. Kayan kariya ta walƙiya ta hanyar wutar lantarki ta zamani da sauran fasaha don hana kayan aikin walƙiya ta buge su.

Canja / kayan kariya na walƙiya

Lokacin da mutane suka san cewa tsawa abu ne na lantarki, ibadarsu da tsoron tsawa sannu a hankali, sai suka fara lura da wannan lamari mai ban al'ajabi ta mahangar kimiyya, da fatan amfani ko sarrafa aikin walƙiya don amfanin ɗan adam. Franklin ya jagoranci fasahar kere-kere fiye da shekaru 200 da suka gabata ya ƙaddamar da ƙalubalen tsawa, ya ƙirƙira sandar walƙiya da alama ita ce ta farko daga cikin kayayyakin kare walƙiya, a zahiri, lokacin da Franklin ya ƙirƙira sandar walƙiya shine cewa ƙarshen za a iya haɗa aikin sandunan ƙarfe a cikin cajin tsawa, rage wutar lantarki ta tsawa tsakanin gajimare da duniya zuwa matakin lalacewar iska, don kaucewa faruwar walƙiya, don haka dole ne a nuna sandar walƙiya. Amma bincike na gaba ya nuna cewa sandar walƙiya ba ta iya guje wa faruwar walƙiya, sandar walƙiya, tana iya hana walƙiya saboda wata doguwa ta sauya yanayin wutar lantarki da ke sararin samaniya, ta sanya tsawa da tsawa koyaushe zuwa fitowar walƙiya, wato a ce, sandar walƙiya ta fi sauran abubuwan da ke kewaye da ita sauƙi don amsa walƙiyar walƙiya, ana kiyaye kariyar walƙiya ta hanyar walƙiya da sauran abubuwa, ƙa'idar kariyar walƙiya ce ta sandar walƙiya. Kara karatun da aka yi ya nuna cewa tasirin hullar sandar walƙiyar kusan ya kusan zuwa tsayinsa, amma ba shi da alaƙa da bayyanarsa, wanda ke nuna cewa ba lallai ba ne ake nunin sandar walƙiya. Yanzu a fannin fasahar kare walƙiya, ana kiran wannan nau'in na'urar kare walƙiya.

Ci gaba / Walƙiyar kayan aikin kariya

Yawaitar amfani da wutar lantarki ta haɓaka ci gaban kayayyakin kariya ta walƙiya. Lokacin da cibiyoyin sadarwar masu karfin wutar lantarki ke samar da wuta da haske ga dubban gidaje, walƙiya kuma tana sanya haɗari sosai ga watsa wutar lantarki da kayan canji. Layin-mai karfin lantarki an gina shi sama, nisan yana da tsayi, filin yana da wahala, kuma yana da sauƙi walƙiya ta buge shi. Yankin kariya na sandar walƙiya bai isa ya kare dubban kilomita na layukan watsawa ba. Saboda haka, layin kariyar walƙiya ya fito a matsayin sabon nau'in mai karɓar walƙiya don kare layukan lantarki masu ƙarfi. Bayan an kiyaye layin-ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi, kayan wuta da rarraba kayan da aka haɗa zuwa layin mai ƙarfin lantarki har yanzu ya lalace ta hanyar ƙarfin lantarki. An gano cewa wannan ya faru ne saboda "walƙiyar shigarwa". (Harshen walƙiya yana haifar da walƙiya kai tsaye a cikin masu sarrafa ƙarfe na kusa. Walƙiya mai raɗaɗi na iya mamaye mahaɗan ta hanyoyi daban-daban guda biyu. Na farko, shigar wutar lantarki: lokacin da caji a cikin tsawa ya taru, mai gudanar da shi na kusa zai haifar da hakan , lokacin da walƙiya ta faɗi, ana saurin cajin caji a cikin tsawa, kuma wutar lantarki mai tsayayye a cikin madugu wanda ke ɗaure da filin lantarki mai tsawa zai kuma gudana tare da mai gudanar don nemo tashar saki, wanda zai samar da wutar lantarki a cikin bugun kirji Na biyu shine shigar da wutar lantarki: lokacin da tsawa ta fitar da iska, saurin walƙiya da ke saurin canzawa yana samar da ƙarfin lantarki mai saurin wucewa a kewayenta, wanda ke samar da babban ƙarfin lantarki a cikin madugun da ke kusa.Karatun da aka yi ya nuna cewa karuwar da wutar lantarki ke haifar da yawa lokutan da suka fi karfin hawan da wutar lantarki ta haifar . Thunderbolt yana haifar da haɓaka akan layin ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi kuma yana haɓaka tare da waya zuwa gashi da kayan aikin rarraba wutar da aka haɗa da shi. Lokacin da ƙarfin juriya na waɗannan na'urori ya yi ƙasa, zai lalace ta hanyar walƙiya da aka sa ta. Don murƙushe hawan cikin waya, mutane An ƙirƙiri wani mai yin layin layi.

Wadanda suka kama layin farko sun kasance ramuka a sarari Rushewar iska tana da girma sosai, kusan 500kV / m, kuma idan aka lalata ta da babban ƙarfin lantarki, to tana da volan kaɗan volts na ƙananan ƙarfin lantarki. Amfani da wannan halayyar iska, an tsara zane na farko. An haɗa ɗaya ƙarshen waya ɗaya da layin wutar, ɗaya ƙarshen ɗaya waya an yi ƙasa, kuma an raba ɗaya ƙarshen wayoyin biyu ta wani ɗan tazara don samar da raɓa biyu na iska. Wurin lantarki da tazarar tazara ne ke tantance karfin wutan lantarki na arrester. Rushewar ƙarfin lantarki ya zama ya ɗan fi ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki na layin wutar lantarki. Lokacin da da'irar ke aiki kwata-kwata, ratar iska daidai take da madaidaiciyar hanya kuma ba zai shafi aikin layin na yau da kullun ba. Lokacin da aka mamaye wuce gona da iri, sai ragowar iska ta karye, sai a cilla murfin zuwa wani karamin mizani sosai, kuma an fitar da abin da ya wuce gona da iri a cikin kasa ta hanyar ratar iska, ta hakan ne za a fahimci kariyar walƙiya. Akwai gazawa da yawa a cikin tazarar budewa. Misali, yanayin lalacewar lantarki yana shafar muhalli; fitowar iska zai sanya wutan lantarki cikin wuta; bayan an samar da baka, yana daukar zagaye na AC da yawa don kashe baka, wanda na iya haifar da gazawar walƙiya ko gazawar layi. Bututun iskar gas, masu kama bututu, da masu kamo bakin maganaɗisu da aka haɓaka a nan gaba sun shawo kan waɗannan matsalolin, amma har yanzu suna kan ƙa'idar fitowar iskar gas. Rashin dacewar masu kamawar fitowar gas shine babban tasirin rushewar wutar lantarki; jinkirin fitarwa (matakin microsecond); m saura ƙarfin lantarki waveform (dV / dt ne babba). Wadannan gazawar sun tabbatar da cewa masu kama da fitan gas ba sa juriya da kayan lantarki masu mahimmanci.

Ci gaban fasahar semiconductor yana samar mana da sabbin kayan kariya ta walƙiya, kamar su Zener diodes. Abubuwan halaye na volt-ampere suna cikin layi tare da buƙatun kariya ta walƙiya na layin, amma ƙarfinsa na ƙetare walƙiyar halin yanzu yana da rauni don haka baza'a iya amfani da tubes mai sarrafawa kai tsaye ba. walƙiya arrester. Semiconductor na farko Arrester wani abu ne mai bawul wanda aka yi shi da kayan kodin na silikon, wanda yake da halaye irin na volt-ampere da bututun Zener, amma yana da karfi mai karfi na wuce halin walƙiya. Koyaya, an sami saurin gano sinadarin karafa (MOV) da sauri, kuma halayen sa volt-ampere sun fi kyau, kuma yana da fa'idodi da yawa kamar su lokacin amsa mai sauri da babban ƙarfin yanzu. Saboda haka, ana amfani da masu kama layin MOV a halin yanzu.

Tare da ci gaban sadarwa, an samar da masu kama walƙiya da yawa don layukan sadarwa. Saboda ƙuntatawa na sigogin watsa layin sadarwa, yakamata waɗannan masu kama suyi la'akari da abubuwan da ke shafar sigogin watsawa kamar ƙarfin aiki da rashin ƙarfi. Koyaya, ka'idar kariyar walƙiya daidai take da MOV.

Nau'i / kayan kariya na walƙiya

Za'a iya raba kayan kariya ta walƙiya zuwa nau'ikan: na'urar bada wutar walƙiya, soket na kariya ta wuta, da masu kare layin feeden eriya, masu kama siginar walƙiya, kayan aikin gwajin walƙiya, na'urorin kariya na walƙiya don tsarin aunawa da sarrafawa, da masu kare ƙasa.

An rarraba mai ba da wutar lantarki zuwa matakai uku: B, C, da D. A cewar ma'aunin IEC (Hukumar Lantarki ta Duniya) don ka'idar kariyar walƙiya a yanki da kuma kariya ta matakan da yawa, Kariyar walƙiya ta Class B ta kasance ta farko- na'urar kare walƙiya matakin kuma ana iya amfani da shi zuwa babban kabad rarraba wuta a cikin ginin; Ana amfani da na'urar walƙiya a cikin majalisar rarraba reshe na ginin; ajin D-nau'ikan shine na uku na kariya ta walƙiya, wacce ake amfani da ita a ƙarshen ƙarshen mahimman kayan aiki don kare kayan aikin da kyau.

Hanyar sadarwar siginar sadarwar siginar an raba shi zuwa matakan B, C da F gwargwadon bukatun IEC 61644. Matakan kariya na asali na asali (matakin kariya mai tsanani), matakin C (Kariyar haɗuwa) matakin cikakken kariya, Class F (Matsakaici & lafiya kariya) matsakaici & matakin kariya mai kyau.

Aunawa & na'urorin sarrafawa / Kayan aikin walƙiya

Aunawa da na'urorin sarrafawa suna da aikace-aikace iri-iri da dama, kamar shuke-shuke, sarrafa gine-gine, tsarin dumama jiki, na'urar gargadi, da dai sauransu. Gwagwarmayar da tsawa da walƙiya ta haifar ko wasu dalilai ba kawai haifar da lalacewa ga tsarin sarrafawa ba, har ma yana haifar da lalacewa ga masu sauya tsada kuma na'urori masu auna sigina. Rashin tsarin sarrafawa yakan haifar da asarar samfuri da tasiri akan samarwa. Mahimmanci da sassan sarrafawa galibi sun fi damuwa fiye da halayen tsarin wutar lantarki don haɓaka cunkoso. Lokacin zabarwa da girka kayan walƙiya a cikin ma'auni da tsarin sarrafawa, dole ne a yi la'akari da waɗannan abubuwan masu zuwa:

1, matsakaicin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na tsarin

2, matsakaicin halin aiki

3, matsakaicin yawan watsa bayanai

4, ko don ba da damar ƙimar ƙimar ta ƙaru

5, Ko an shigo da waya daga wajen ginin, kuma ko ginin yana da na'urar kariya ta walƙiya ta waje.

Voltageananan ƙarfin wutar lantarki / Kayan kare walƙiya

Binciken da aka yi wa tsohon sashin waya da na sadarwa ya nuna cewa kashi 80% na hadari na walƙiya na tashar sadarwar ana haifar da su ne ta hanyar kutsawar da walƙiya ta yi zuwa layin wutar. Sabili da haka, ƙananan masu canza wutar lantarki masu kamawa na yanzu suna haɓaka cikin sauri, yayin da manyan masu kama da walƙiya tare da kayan aikin MOV suka mamaye matsayi a kasuwa. Akwai masana'antun masu kama da MOV da yawa, kuma bambance-bambancen samfuran su ana nuna su a cikin:

Capacityarfin gudana

Thearfin gudana shine matsakaicin halin walƙiya (8 / 20μs) wanda arrester zai iya jurewa. Ma’aikatar Masana’antar Watsa Labarai ta “Ka’idojin Fasaha don Kariyar walƙiya na Tsarin Injiniyan Sadarwa na Sadarwa” ya ƙayyade ikon kwararar mai walƙiya don samar da wuta. Wanda ya fara matakin farko yafi 20KA. Koyaya, surarfin ƙarfin arrester na yanzu yana ƙaruwa da girma. Babban arrester mai ɗauke da kayan kwalliya ba sauƙin lalacewa ta hanyar walƙiya. Yawan lokutan da za'a jure da ƙaramin walƙiya yana ƙaruwa, kuma ragowar ƙarfin shima an ɗan rage shi. Fasahar da ba ta dace ba ta karbu. Arrester kuma yana inganta kariyar iyawa. Koyaya, lalacewar arrester ba koyaushe yake yin walƙiya ba.

A yanzu haka, an ba da shawarar cewa ya kamata a yi amfani da igiyar ruwa ta 10/350 yanzu don gano mai walƙiya. Dalilin shi ne cewa ka'idojin IEC1024 da IEC1312 suna amfani da igiyar 10/350 whens yayin bayyana walƙiyar walƙiya. Wannan bayanin ba cikakke bane, saboda ana amfani da kalaman na 8/20 na yanzu a cikin lissafi mai dacewa na arrester a cikin IEC1312, kuma ana amfani da kalaman 8/20 a cikin IEC1643 "SPD" - cia'idar Zabi "Ana amfani dashi azaman babban halin yanzu Tsarin motsi don gano kayan aiki (SPD). Saboda haka, ba za a iya cewa ƙarfin ikon arrester tare da igiyar 8/20 is ya tsufa ba, kuma ba za a iya cewa flowarfin ƙarfin arrester tare da igiyar 8/20 is ba ta bi ƙa'idodin ƙasashen duniya ba.

Kare kewayen

Rushewar arrester na MOV gajere ne kuma an zagaye shi. Hasken walƙiya mai ƙarfi na iya lalata arrester ɗin kuma ya haifar da layin buɗe ido. A wannan lokacin, fasalin maɓallin arrester galibi ana lalata shi. Arrester na iya rage ƙarfin ƙarfin aiki saboda tsufa na kayan na dogon lokaci. Lokacin da wutar lantarki ke aiki a kasa da karfin layin aiki, layin yana kara canza yanayin, kuma arrester din yana samar da zafi, wanda daga karshe zai lalata halaye marasa kyau na na'urar MOV, wanda zai haifar da gajeren gajeren zagaye na mai aikin. ƙone. Irin wannan yanayin na iya faruwa saboda ƙaruwar ƙarfin lantarki da ke haifar da lalacewar layin wutar lantarki.

Kuskuren bude hanyar arrester baya shafar wutar lantarki. Wajibi ne a bincika ƙarfin lantarki don aiki, don haka mai buƙatar yana buƙatar dubawa akai-akai.

Laifin gajere na arrester yana shafar samar da wuta. Lokacin da zafin yayi tsanani, wayar zata kone. Circuitararrawar ƙararrawa tana buƙatar kiyayewa don tabbatar da amincin samar da wutar lantarki. A baya, ana haɗa fis ɗin a jere akan kayan aikin ƙirar, amma fis ɗin dole ne ya tabbatar da hasken walƙiya da na gajeren zango da za a hura. Yana da wuya a aiwatar da fasaha. Musamman, maɓallin arrester galibi gajere ne. Halin da yake gudana a lokacin gajeren gajere ba babba bane, amma ci gaba mai gudana ya isa ya haifar da walƙiya ta arziƙi galibi ana amfani dashi don barin bugun bugun jini yanzu ya zama mai tsanani mai tsanani. Na'urar cire haɗin zafin jiki da ta bayyana daga baya ta magance wannan matsalar sosai. An gano gajeren gajeren kewayen arrester ta hanyar saita zafin yanayin cirewar na'urar. Da zarar an katse na'urar dumama na'urar ta atomatik, sai aka bada siginar haske, lantarki da sigina.

Ragowar ƙarfin lantarki

Ma’aikatar Masana’antun Watsa Labarun Masana’antu “Dokokin Fasaha don Kariyar Walƙiya na Tsarin Wutar Lantarki na Sadarwa” (YD5078-98) sun yi takamaiman buƙatu don ragowar ƙarfin wutar lantarki na masu kamawar walƙiya a kowane mataki. Ya kamata a faɗi cewa daidaitattun buƙatun ana samun sauƙin su. Ragowar ƙarfin ƙarfin wutar lantarki na MOV shine ƙarfin aikinta sau 2.5-3.5. Bambancin ƙarfin wutan lantarki na tsaka-tsalle mai tsaka-tsalle ba shi da girma. Matakin da zai rage ragowar wutan shine rage karfin wutar da yake aiki da kuma kara karfin mai karfin a yanzu, amma karfin wutar lantarkin yana da karancin aiki, kuma lahanin arrester da rashin karfin wutar lantarki ya haifar zai karu. Wasu kayayyakin kasashen waje sun shiga kasuwar kasar Sin a wani mataki na farko, karfin wutar lantarkin yana da karancin aiki, daga baya kuma ya kara karfin wutar lantarkin.

Za'a iya rage ragowar wutan lantarki ta hanyar kayan talla guda biyu.

Lokacin da igiyar walƙiya ta mamaye, arrester 1 discharges, da ragowar ƙarfin wutar lantarki da aka samar shine V1; wanda yake gudana a cikin arrester 1 shine I1;

Ragowar ƙarfin arrester 2 shine V2, kuma mai gudana yanzu shine I2. Wannan shi ne: V2 = V1-I2Z

A bayyane yake cewa saura ƙarfin ƙarfin arrester 2 yayi ƙasa da ragowar ƙarfin arrester 1.

Akwai masana'antun da zasu samarda silar samarda walƙiya ta matakin-biyu don bada kariya ta walƙiya mai aiki iri ɗaya, saboda ƙarfin samarda wutar lantarki lokaci ɗaya gabaɗaya baya kasa da 5KW, layin yanzu ba babba bane, kuma ƙarancin impedance yana da sauƙin iska. Har ila yau, akwai masana'antun da ke ba da masu kama uku-mataki-biyu. Saboda ƙarfin mai samar da wutar lantarki na matakai uku na iya zama babba, mai ɗaukar hoto yana da girma kuma yana da tsada.

A cikin mizani, ana buƙatar shigar da mai walƙiya a cikin matakai masu yawa akan layin wutar. A zahiri, ana iya samun sakamako na rage ragowar wutan lantarki, amma ana amfani da haɓakar wayar ta kai tsaye don yin rashin daidaituwa tsakanin masu kamawa a duk matakan.

Ragowar ƙarfin arrester shine kawai alamar fasaha na arrester. Volarfin ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da shi a kan kayan aikin ma ya dogara ne akan saura ƙarfin lantarki. Voltagearin ƙarfin wutar lantarki da mahaɗan biyu na walƙiyar walƙiya suka haɗa wanda aka haɗa da layin wutar kuma an ƙara wayar ta ƙasa. Sabili da haka, ana yin daidaito daidai. Masu kamun walƙiya ma muhimmin ma'auni ne don rage yawan zafin kayan aiki.

Sauran / Kayan aikin walƙiya

Arrester ɗin na iya samar da ƙididdigar yajin walƙiya, hanyoyin sa ido da hanyoyin shigarwa daban-daban gwargwadon bukatun mai amfani.

Sadarwar layin sadarwa

Buƙatun fasaha na walƙiya don layin sadarwar suna da yawa, saboda ƙari ga biyan buƙatun fasahar kariya ta walƙiya, ya zama dole a tabbatar cewa alamun watsawa sun cika buƙatun. Ari ga haka, kayan aikin da aka haɗa da layin sadarwar suna da ƙarfin ƙarfin ƙarfin juriya, kuma ƙarfin ƙarfin saura na na'urar kariya ta walƙiya yana da tsauri. Saboda haka, yana da wuya a zaɓi na'urar kariya ta walƙiya. Kyakkyawan na'urar kare layin sadarwa mai walƙiya yakamata ya sami ƙaramin ƙarfin aiki, ƙaramin ƙarfin ƙarfin saura, yawo mai gudana da saurin amsawa. A bayyane yake, na'urorin da ke cikin tebur ba su da kyau. Ana iya amfani da bututun fitarwa kusan dukkanin mitar sadarwa, amma ƙarfin kariyar walƙiya bashi da ƙarfi. Capacara ƙarfin MOV suna da girma kuma sun dace kawai da watsa sauti. Abilityarfin TVS don tsayayya da walƙiya yana da rauni. Hanyoyin kariya. Na'urorin kariya masu walƙiya daban-daban suna da matakan raƙuman ruwa na saura a ƙarƙashin tasirin raƙuman ruwa na yanzu. Dangane da halayen ragowar ƙarfin wutar lantarki, ana iya raba arrester zuwa nau'in sauyawa da nau'in iyakokin ƙarfin lantarki, ko ana iya haɗa nau'ikan biyu don yin ƙarfi da guje wa gajere.

Mafitar ita ce ayi amfani da na'urori daban-daban guda biyu don samar da kayan kwalliya mai mataki biyu. Taswirar makirci iri ɗaya ne da mai-tsari biyu na samar da wutar lantarki. Mataki na farko ne kawai ke amfani da bututun fitarwa, maɓallin keɓancewa na tsaka-tsaki yana amfani da maɓallin adawa ko PTC, kuma mataki na biyu yana amfani da TVS, don a iya tsayar da tsawon kowace na'urar. Irin wannan mai walƙiya na iya zama canan dubun MHZ.

Masu kame-kame masu saurin amfani da ruwa galibi suna amfani da bututun fitarwa, kamar su feeders na wayoyin hannu da masu ciyar da eriya eriya, in ba haka ba yana da wuya a cika buƙatun watsawa. Hakanan akwai samfuran da ke amfani da ƙa'idar matattarar hanyar wucewa ta sama. Tunda yanayin ƙarfin walƙiya ya daidaita tsakanin kilohertz da kilogram ɗari da yawa, mitar eriyar tana da ƙasa ƙwarai, kuma tace mai sauƙi ne don ƙerawa.

Hanyar da ta fi sauƙi ita ce haɗa ƙaramin maƙerin inductor a layi daya tare da babbar waya mai ƙarfin mitar don samar da mai ɗaukar hoto mai saurin wucewa. Don eriyar sadarwar mitar ma'amala, ana iya amfani da layin gajeren zango na zagaye-huɗu don samar da matattarar band-pass, kuma tasirin kariyar walƙiya ya fi kyau, amma duka hanyoyin biyu za su gajarta kewaya DC ɗin da aka watsa akan layin feeden eriya , kuma iyakar aikace-aikacen tana da iyaka.

Kayan ƙasa

Grounding shine tushen kariyar walƙiya. Hanyar shimfida ƙasa ta hanyar daidaitaccen ita ce amfani da sandunan ƙasa masu kwance a tsaye ko a tsaye tare da bayanan ƙarfe. A cikin yankunan da ke da lalata mai ƙarfi, ana iya amfani da galvanization da kuma ɓangaren ɓangaren bayanan martaba na ƙarfe don tsayayya da lalata. Hakanan za'a iya amfani da kayan da ba ƙarfe ba. Madugu yana aiki azaman sandar ƙasa, kamar su wutan lantarki na ƙasa da kuma lantarki na ƙasa na Portland. Hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce amfani da tushen ƙarfafa gine-ginen zamani azaman ƙasa. Saboda iyakancewar kariyar walƙiya a da, an nanata muhimmancin rage juriya ta ƙasa. Wasu masana'antun sun gabatar da samfuran ƙasa daban-daban, suna da'awar rage juriya ta ƙasa. Kamar mai rage juriya, polymer ground electrode, maras ƙarfe ƙasa lantarki da sauransu.

A hakikanin gaskiya, dangane da kariyar walƙiya, fahimtar yanayin juriya na ƙasa ya canza, abubuwan da ake buƙata don shimfiɗa layin ginin ƙasa suna da yawa, kuma bukatun juriya suna da annashuwa. A cikin GB50057-94, ana ƙarfafa siffofin hanyar sadarwa na gine-gine daban-daban. Babu buƙatar juriya, saboda a cikin ka'idar kariya ta walƙiya ta ƙa'idar kayan aiki, cibiyar sadarwar ƙasa tana da mahimmin bayani ne kawai, ba ma'anar cikakkiyar sifili ba. Ana buƙatar siffar grid ɗin ƙasa don buƙatun kayan aiki, kuma ƙimar juriya ba ma'ana ba ce. Tabbas, babu wani abu mara kyau tare da samun ƙarancin juriya lokacin da yanayi ya bada dama. Bugu da kari, samar da wutar lantarki da sadarwa suna da bukatun da ke haifar da juriya, wanda ya fi karfin fasahar kariya ta walƙiya.

Resistancearfafawar ƙasa yana da alaƙa da haɓakar ƙasa da ƙwarin tuntuɓar tsakanin ƙasa da ƙasa. Hakanan yana da alaƙa da sifa da lambar ƙasa yayin kafa ƙasa. Mai rage juriya da wayoyin ƙasa iri-iri ba komai bane don inganta juriya ko tuntuɓar tsakanin ƙasa da ƙasa. yanki Koyaya, haɓakar ƙasa tana taka rawa, kuma sauran suna da sauƙin sauyawa. Idan turjiyar ƙasa ta yi yawa, kawai hanyar injiniya don canza ƙasa ko inganta ƙasa za ta iya tasiri, kuma sauran hanyoyin suna da wahalar aiki.

Kariyar walƙiya tsohuwar magana ce, amma har yanzu tana ci gaba. Ya kamata a ce babu wani samfurin da za a gwada. Har yanzu akwai abubuwa da yawa da za a bincika a cikin fasahar kare walƙiya. A halin yanzu, tsarin samar da wutar lantarki har yanzu ba a iya fahimta ba. Binciken adadi kan shigar walƙiya shima rauni ne sosai. Saboda haka, kayayyakin kare walƙiya suma suna haɓaka. Wasu sabbin kayayyaki da ake da'awar samfuran kariya ta walƙiya, Yana buƙatar a gwada shi a aikace tare da halayyar kimiyya da haɓaka cikin ka'idar. Tunda walƙiya kanta ƙaramar matsala ce, yana buƙatar dogon bincike na ƙididdigar lissafi don samun sakamako mai fa'ida, wanda ke buƙatar haɗin kan dukkan ɓangarorin don cimmawa.